Y1S2 005 I Biochem Naming of Fatty Acids in Organic Chemistry
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Questions and Answers

What is the suffix used in common nomenclature for fatty acid names?

  • -ene
  • -ic (correct)
  • -oic
  • -ane

    • What is the name of the C18 unsaturated fatty acid with 2 double bonds?

  • Octadecatrienoic Acid
  • Octadecanoic Acid
  • Octadecadienoic Acid (correct)
  • Octadecenoic Acid

    • Where do fatty acids from the diet get delivered to cells from?

  • The blood (correct)
  • The liver
  • The gut
  • The kidney

    • What is the primary function of β-oxidation?

    <p>To break down fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the process by which fatty acid molecules are broken down in mitochondria and peroxisomes?

    <p>Beta oxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the form in which fatty acids are stored primarily within adipocytes of adipose tissue?

    <p>Triacylglycerols</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What prevents the inappropriate mobilization of stored fat in a well-fed individual?

    <p>Insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net result of the fatty acid activation process in the cytoplasm?

    <p>Consumption of 2 molar equivalents of ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the oxidation of fatty acids occur?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the intermediate involved in the transport of fatty acyl-CoA into the mitochondria?

    <p>Acyl-carnitine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the enzyme that catalyzes the regeneration of fatty acyl-CoA in the mitochondria?

    <p>Carnitine acyltransferase II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of fatty acid activation in the cytoplasm?

    <p>To facilitate β-oxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of carnitinepalmitoyltransferase I in the transport of fatty acid into the mitochondria?

    <p>To exchange CoA for carnitine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenation reaction in β-oxidation?

    <p>Trans-Δ2-enoyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of enoyl-CoA hydratase in β-oxidation?

    <p>To catalyze the hydration of the double bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the 2nd dehydrogenation reaction in β-oxidation?

    <p>Ketone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the thiolytic cleavage of the thioester in β-oxidation?

    <p>Formation of acyl-CoA and a shorter fatty acyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net result of one round of β-oxidation?

    <p>Formation of a shorter fatty acyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is produced during the complete β-oxidation of fatty acids with an odd number of carbon atoms?

    <p>Acetyl-CoA units and 1 mole of propionyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of methylmalonyl CoA racemase in β-oxidation of lipids with odd number of carbons?

    <p>Converting the D-isomer to the L-isomer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for handling double bonds at odd-numbered carbons during β-oxidation?

    <p>Enoyl CoA isomerase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final product of the ATP-dependent pathway that propionyl-CoA is converted to?

    <p>Succinyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of β-oxidation of lipids with odd number of carbons?

    <p>To break down fatty acids into energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of methylmalonyl CoA mutase in β-oxidation of lipids with odd number of carbons?

    <p>Converting propionyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of sulfonylurea drugs such as tolbutamide and glyburide on carnitine acyltransferases?

    <p>Inhibition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common form of acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency?

    <p>Medium Chain Acyl CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical presentation of Medium Chain Acyl CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency in the first years of life?

    <p>Following a prolonged fasting period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diagnostic indicator of Medium Chain Acyl CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency?

    <p>Excessive urinary excretion of medium-chain dicarboxylic acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment for Medium Chain Acyl CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency?

    <p>Avoiding prolonged fasting periods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic accumulation of Refsum's disease patients?

    <p>Large quantities of phytanic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

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