35 Questions
What is the effect of cis-double bonds on the hydrocarbon chain of fatty acids?
Causes a 'kink' or 'bend' in the structure of the hydrophobic tail of fatty acids
What is the difference between the melting points of stearate and oleate?
Stearate has a higher melting point than oleate
What is the function of triglycerides in the body?
Long-term energy storage
What is the health concern associated with artificial trans-fatty acids?
They increase the risk of cardiovascular disease
What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?
Saturated fatty acids have single bonds, while unsaturated fatty acids have double bonds
What is the primary characteristic of fatty acids that determines their saturation or unsaturation?
The presence of carbon-carbon double bonds
What is the primary function of triglycerides in cells?
Energy storage
What is a characteristic of phospholipids?
They have a non-polar end and a polar end
What is the difference between a saturated and an unsaturated fatty acid?
The presence of carbon-carbon double bonds
What is the role of lipids in cells, apart from energy storage?
As structural components of cell membranes, hormones, and vitamins
What is the primary characteristic of unsaturated fatty acids?
They have one or more double bonds between carbons.
What is the function of phospholipids in cells?
They form the plasma membranes of cells.
What is the general term for a fatty acid with at least one bond in a trans configuration?
Trans fatty acid
What is the primary function of triglycerides in the body?
To store energy for long-term use
What is the characteristic of fatty acids that are solid at room temperature?
They have no double bonds between carbons.
What is the structure of steroids?
Four fused carbon rings
What is the function of waxes in the body?
Protection
What is the characteristic of phospholipids that allows them to maintain membrane fluidity across a range of temperatures?
Kinks in their tails
What is the common characteristic of steroids and other lipids?
They are all amphipathic
What is the significance of cholesterol in the body?
It is a precursor molecule for several other steroids
What is the primary function of HDL cholesterol in the body?
To absorb cholesterol in the blood and carry it back to the liver
What is the effect of high levels of LDL cholesterol on the body?
It raises the risk of heart disease and stroke
What is the characteristic of lipids in an aqueous environment?
They are insoluble in water and form structures
What is the primary force driving the formation of lipid bilayers?
Hydrophobic interaction
What is the relationship between lipids and biological membranes?
Lipids are a major component of biological membranes and form lipid bilayers
Which type of fatty acid makes membranes more rigid?
Saturated fatty acid
What is the term used to describe LDL cholesterol?
Bad cholesterol
What is the characteristic of animal membranes that distinguishes them from plant membranes?
Presence of cholesterol
What is the result of increased heat on membranes?
Increased disorder
Which type of membranes is the most fluid?
Prokaryotic membranes
What is the primary characteristic of the fluid mosaic model of biological membranes?
Lateral motion of components in the membrane
What is the role of cholesterol in biological membranes?
To decrease the fluidity of membranes
What type of proteins are bound by electrostatic interactions and can be removed by raising the ionic strength?
Peripheral proteins
What is the function of integral membrane proteins?
To act as receptor sites and sites of enzyme catalysis
What is the characteristic of fatty acids that are solid at room temperature?
They have a high degree of saturation
Test your understanding of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, including their structures, conformations, and effects on membrane fluidity. Learn about the differences between cis and trans double bonds and how they impact fatty acid chains. This quiz is designed for Biochemistry students, specifically Chem 361.
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