Podcast
Questions and Answers
Match the following types of tinea with their primary affected area:
Match the following types of tinea with their primary affected area:
Tinea pedis = Feet Tinea manuum = Hands Tinea nigra = Palms or soles Acral lentiginous melanoma = Arms
Match the following types of fungi with their characteristics:
Match the following types of fungi with their characteristics:
Dematiaceous fungi = Darkly pigmented Hortaea werneckii = Causes tinea nigra Stenella araguata = Causes tinea pedis Phaeoannellomyces werneckii = Causes skin cancer
Match the following regions with the prevalence of tinea nigra:
Match the following regions with the prevalence of tinea nigra:
Tropical or subtropical areas = High incidence United States and Europe = Low incidence Central and South America = Endemic foci Asia = Only found in tourists
Match the following clinical findings with the corresponding type of tinea:
Match the following clinical findings with the corresponding type of tinea:
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Match the following types of transmission with the corresponding type of tinea:
Match the following types of transmission with the corresponding type of tinea:
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Match the following characteristics with the corresponding type of tinea:
Match the following characteristics with the corresponding type of tinea:
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Match the following types of tinea with their causative agents:
Match the following types of tinea with their causative agents:
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Match the following clinical presentations with the corresponding type of tinea:
Match the following clinical presentations with the corresponding type of tinea:
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Match the following types of tinea with their common misdiagnosis:
Match the following types of tinea with their common misdiagnosis:
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Match the following regions with the existence of endemic foci:
Match the following regions with the existence of endemic foci:
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Study Notes
Mycoses
- Divided into 3 forms: superficial, subcutaneous, and deep/systemic
- Superficial mycoses involve stratum corneum, hair, and nails
- Subcutaneous mycoses involve dermis and/or subcutaneous tissue
- Deep/systemic mycoses represent hematogenous spread of organisms in immunocompromised hosts
Dermatophytes
- Comprise approximately 40 species divided among 3 genera: Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton
- Belong to the Arthrodermataceae family
- Trichophyton species (e.g., Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton interdigitale) are the most common isolated species in the United States
- Classified according to their natural habitats: humans, other animals, and soil
- Attach to, invade, and use keratin as a source of nutrition, underlying the pathogenesis of superficial fungal infection of skin, hair, and nails (dermatophytosis)
Tinea Capitis
- Describes a dermatophyte infection of hair and scalp typically caused by Trichophyton and Microsporum species
- Majocchi granuloma is a superficial and subcutaneous dermatophytic infection involving deeper portions of the hair follicles
- Presents as scaly, follicular papules and nodules that coalesce in an annular arrangement
- Most commonly caused by T. rubrum, T. interdigitale, and M. canis
Tinea Corporis
- Dematophyte infection of skin
- Typically caused by T. rubrum
- Presents as classic annular or "ringworm"-like configuration with an advancing raised erythematous and scaly border
- Can resemble psoriasis
Favus
- A dermatophyte infection of the scalp
- Characterized by patchy perifollicular erythema with slight scaling and matting of the hair
- Progressive hyphal invasion distends the follicle, producing a yellow-red follicular papule, then a yellow concave crust (scutulum) around a single dry hair
- Most commonly caused by T. schoenleinii, with T. violaceum and M. gypseum as rare isolates
Tinea Manuum and Tinea Pedis
- Tinea manuum is discussed with tinea pedis under the section "Tinea Pedis and Tinea Manuum"
Tinea Nigra
- A superficial dermatomycosis caused by dematiaceous, darkly pigmented Hortaea werneckii
- Occurs in tropical or subtropical areas, with low incidence in the United States and Europe
- Presents as an asymptomatic, mottled brown to greenish-black macule or patch with minimal to no scale on the palms or soles
- Frequently misdiagnosed as acral lentiginous melanoma
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Description
Test your knowledge on the different types of mycoses, including superficial, subcutaneous, and deep/systemic infections. This quiz focuses on superficial mycoses, dermatophytes, and their impact on the integumentary system.
