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Questions and Answers
What is the primary difference between Depth First Search (DFS) and Breadth First Search (BFS)?
What is the primary difference between Depth First Search (DFS) and Breadth First Search (BFS)?
Which statement accurately describes a graph?
Which statement accurately describes a graph?
What characterizes a cyclic graph?
What characterizes a cyclic graph?
What does an adjacency matrix represent in graph theory?
What does an adjacency matrix represent in graph theory?
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What is a potential issue when dealing with cyclic graphs in algorithms?
What is a potential issue when dealing with cyclic graphs in algorithms?
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Which best defines a loop in programming?
Which best defines a loop in programming?
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How does a directed graph differ from an undirected graph?
How does a directed graph differ from an undirected graph?
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What is the impact of using acyclic graphs in algorithms compared to cyclic graphs?
What is the impact of using acyclic graphs in algorithms compared to cyclic graphs?
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Study Notes
Difference Between DFS and BFS
- DFS stands for Depth-First Search
- BFS stands for Breadth-First Search
Graph Definition
- A graph is a non-linear data structure
- Composed of vertices (nodes) and edges
- Vertices represent entities or concepts
- Edges represent relationships or connections
- Graphs can be directed or undirected
- Directed: Edges have a specific direction
- Undirected: Edges are bidirectional
Cyclic Graph
- A cyclic graph is a data structure where a node can have a path to itself through a sequence of edges
- It contains at least one cycle (loop)
Adjacency Matrix
- Used to represent a graph
- A square matrix where rows and columns represent nodes
- Matrix elements indicate edges between nodes
- If a node is adjacent to another, the matrix element at the intersection of the corresponding row and column is 1, otherwise 0.
Loops
- Programming construct for repeated code execution
- Runs a set of instructions until a certain condition is met
- Used in data structures for traversing, accessing or manipulating elements repeatedly (e.g., linked lists, arrays)
Merge Sort Algorithm
- Divide-and-conquer sorting algorithm
- Recursively divides the input array into smaller sub-arrays
- Merges sorted sub-arrays to produce a final sorted array.
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