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Mutualistic Relationship of Escherichia coli in Human Intestines

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Mutualistic Relationship of Escherichia coli in Human Intestines

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Questions and Answers

What is the role of vitamin K in the context of E.coli in human intestines?

Producing antibodies

Assisting in blood clotting (correct)

Breaking down undigested food

Causing infections

What type of immunity is present at birth in animals?

Primary immunity

Acquired immunity

Innate immunity (correct)

Secondary immunity

Which of the following is part of the body's first line of defense against pathogens entering?

Primary immune response

Fever

Hydrochloric acid in the stomach (correct)

Inflammation

What does the body use to trap pathogens in the air passages?

Mucus Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the second line of defense in the immune response?

To destroy pathogens that have entered Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme found in saliva contributes to the body's first line of defense against pathogens?

Lysozyme Signup and view all the answers

Where are B-lymphocytes found?

In the tonsils and lymph glands Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Killer T-cells?

Destroy body cells infected with viruses or parasites Signup and view all the answers

What is a vaccine?

A suspension of dead or weakened micro-organisms that stimulate antibody production Signup and view all the answers

What is phagocytosis?

The process of engulfing and destroying bacteria by phagocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of CD4 cells in the immune response?

Start the immune response Signup and view all the answers

How do B-lymphocytes respond upon encountering the same germs again?

They produce antibodies faster Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immunity in plants involves infected cells dying off quickly to prevent the spread of disease?

Active immunity Signup and view all the answers

What is the best-known antibiotic that is produced by the fungus Penicillium?

Penicillin Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of antibiotics?

Slow down or stop the growth of disease-causing bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if drug treatment is stopped before the recommended time in micro-organisms?

The micro-organisms develop resistance Signup and view all the answers

How do antibiotics usually target bacteria?

Affecting cell membranes Signup and view all the answers

What method can reduce/prevent micro-organisms from becoming drug-resistant?

Treatment with a combination of drugs ('cocktail') Signup and view all the answers