Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which action would be most affected by damage to the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
Which action would be most affected by damage to the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
- Swallowing
- Facial expression
- Shoulder adduction
- Lateral flexion of the neck (correct)
A surgeon needs to access structures deep within the anterior triangle of the neck. Which muscle would they most likely need to incise or retract to gain access?
A surgeon needs to access structures deep within the anterior triangle of the neck. Which muscle would they most likely need to incise or retract to gain access?
- Splenius capitis
- Omohyoid (correct)
- Sternocleidomastoid
- Trapezius
A patient reports difficulty swallowing and speaking after a surgical procedure in the neck. Which muscle could have been affected?
A patient reports difficulty swallowing and speaking after a surgical procedure in the neck. Which muscle could have been affected?
- Splenius capitis
- Trapezius
- Masseter
- Sternothyroid (correct)
In a diagram of the neck, which structure lies immediately anterior to the trachea?
In a diagram of the neck, which structure lies immediately anterior to the trachea?
Which muscle is innervated by the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)?
Which muscle is innervated by the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)?
During a physical exam, a doctor palpates the area between the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the trachea. Which structure is most likely being assessed?
During a physical exam, a doctor palpates the area between the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the trachea. Which structure is most likely being assessed?
Which landmark is crucial for guiding surgical procedures involving the great vessels of the neck?
Which landmark is crucial for guiding surgical procedures involving the great vessels of the neck?
Damage to the ansa cervicalis would MOST directly affect which of the following muscles?
Damage to the ansa cervicalis would MOST directly affect which of the following muscles?
A lesion affecting the spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) would MOST directly impair the function of which muscle in the neck?
A lesion affecting the spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) would MOST directly impair the function of which muscle in the neck?
A patient is diagnosed with an infected thyroglossal duct cyst. Which of the following BEST explains the location of this cyst?
A patient is diagnosed with an infected thyroglossal duct cyst. Which of the following BEST explains the location of this cyst?
Stridor, a high-pitched breathing sound, can occur due to various laryngeal obstructions. Which structure, if obstructed, would MOST likely produce this sound?
Stridor, a high-pitched breathing sound, can occur due to various laryngeal obstructions. Which structure, if obstructed, would MOST likely produce this sound?
Which muscle is the MOST likely to be involved in forced expiration, such as during coughing or shouting?
Which muscle is the MOST likely to be involved in forced expiration, such as during coughing or shouting?
Which structure is located within the carotid sheath?
Which structure is located within the carotid sheath?
A tumor in the posterior triangle of the neck is MOST likely to directly affect which nerve?
A tumor in the posterior triangle of the neck is MOST likely to directly affect which nerve?
When performing a tracheostomy, which structure is MOST at risk of being injured?
When performing a tracheostomy, which structure is MOST at risk of being injured?
Which structure typically traverses through the scalene muscles in the neck?
Which structure typically traverses through the scalene muscles in the neck?
A patient presents with a neck mass that moves superiorly during swallowing. Which anatomical structure is MOST likely involved?
A patient presents with a neck mass that moves superiorly during swallowing. Which anatomical structure is MOST likely involved?
Which muscle is located in the posterior triangle of the neck and is innervated by the spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)?
Which muscle is located in the posterior triangle of the neck and is innervated by the spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)?
Which of the following structures is associated with the anterior belly of the digastric muscle?
Which of the following structures is associated with the anterior belly of the digastric muscle?
Which of the following lies between the trachea and the vertebral column?
Which of the following lies between the trachea and the vertebral column?
Flashcards
Sternohyoid muscle
Sternohyoid muscle
The longest and most superficial of the hyoid muscles. Depresses hyoid bone after elevation
Thyrohyoid muscle
Thyrohyoid muscle
A muscle in the anterior neck that depresses the hyoid and elevates the larynx.
Sternothyroid muscle
Sternothyroid muscle
A muscle in the anterior neck that depresses the thyroid cartilage.
Mylohyoid muscle
Mylohyoid muscle
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Geniohyoid muscle
Geniohyoid muscle
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Hyoglossus Muscle
Hyoglossus Muscle
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Genioglossus
Genioglossus
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Sternocleidomastoid muscle
Sternocleidomastoid muscle
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Levator scapulae muscle
Levator scapulae muscle
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Anterior scalene
Anterior scalene
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Middle scalene
Middle scalene
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Posterior scalene
Posterior scalene
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Trapezius muscle
Trapezius muscle
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Digastric muscle - anterior/posterior belly
Digastric muscle - anterior/posterior belly
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Esophagus
Esophagus
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Cricoid cartilage
Cricoid cartilage
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Thyroid cartilage
Thyroid cartilage
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Epiglottis
Epiglottis
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medial thyrohyoid ligament
medial thyrohyoid ligament
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Parathyroid gland
Parathyroid gland
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Study Notes
- Neck activity involves labeling all muscles and other structures related to the neck area exclusively
- Skull identification focuses on origin and insertion points of neck muscles only
Muscles of the Neck
- Sternocleidomastoid muscle is a prominent neck muscle
- Omohyoid muscle has a superior and inferior belly
- Sternohyoid and Sternothyroid muscles are located in the anterior neck
- Thyrohyoid muscle connects the thyroid cartilage to the hyoid bone
- Masseter muscle is involved in mastication and located in the face, but relevant to skull origin/insertion
- Genioglossus and Hyoglossus muscles are tongue muscles, relevant for origin/insertion on the skull
- Geniohyoid and Mylohyoid muscles are suprahyoid muscles
- Digastric muscle has anterior and posterior bellies
- Splenius Capitis is a posterior neck muscle
- Levator Scapulae muscle elevates the scapula
- Scalene muscles include anterior, middle, and posterior scalene
- Trapezius muscle spans from the neck to the upper back
Skull Features and Muscles
- Occipitalis muscle is located at the back of the head
- Depressor labii inferioris and depressor anguli oris control lower lip movement
- Platysma is a superficial neck muscle
Deeper Neck Muscles
- Longissimus Capitis is a deep neck extensor
- Rectus Capitis Lateralis, Anterior and Posterior are small muscles that stabilize the head
- Stylopharyngeus, Stylohyoid and Styloglossus muscles are associated with the styloid process
- Superior constrictor muscle is part of the pharynx
Anterior Neck Structures
- Digastric Muscle has anterior and posterior bellies
- The Genioglossus and Geniohyoid muscles connect to the hyoid bone
Larynx and Related Structures
- Epiglottis and Epiglottis Cartilage protect the airway during swallowing
- Vestibule is the entrance to the larynx
- Laryngeal Sinus is a recess in the larynx
- Vestibular Fold and Vocal Fold are involved in voice production
- Infraglottic Cavity is the space below the vocal folds
- Hyoid Bone and Greater Horn are part of the hyoid complex
- Laryngeal Nerve and Thyroid Artery supply the larynx
- Medial Thyrohyoid Ligament connects the thyroid cartilage and hyoid bone
- Cricothyroid Muscle is involved in vocal cord tension
Cartilages of the Larynx
- Thyroid Cartilage provides structure to the larynx
- Cricoid Cartilage forms the base of the larynx
- Trachea is the airway extending from the larynx
Oral Cavity and Neck
- Oral Cavity, Palatine Tonsil, and Oropharynx are part of the upper aerodigestive tract
- Laryngopharynx is the lower part of the pharynx
- Investing Layer of Deep Cervical Facia surrounds neck structures
- Suprainternal Space is in the neck
- Manubrium of Sternum is the upper part of the sternum
Neck Spaces and Vertebrae
- C7 Vertebral Body is the seventh cervical vertebra
- Danger Space and Retro Pharyngeal Space are potential spaces for infection
- Esophagus and Trachea are located in the neck
Anatomy Triangles
- Submandibular, Submental, Carotid, Occipital, Muscular, and Supraclavicular are triangles used for anatomical location in the neck
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