Podcast
Questions and Answers
SCALP stands for?
SCALP stands for?
skin, dense CT, aponeurosis, loose CT, pericranium
Which of the following is NOT a function of the somatic nervous system?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the somatic nervous system?
How many pairs of spinal nerves attach to the spine?
How many pairs of spinal nerves attach to the spine?
Which bones make up the viscerocranium?
Which bones make up the viscerocranium?
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Which muscle is responsible for elevating the eyebrows and wrinkling the forehead?
Which muscle is responsible for elevating the eyebrows and wrinkling the forehead?
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Which muscle is involved in closing the eyelids?
Which muscle is involved in closing the eyelids?
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Which muscle moves the upper lip towards the eye?
Which muscle moves the upper lip towards the eye?
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Which joint allows for the opening and closing of the mouth?
Which joint allows for the opening and closing of the mouth?
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Which muscle is responsible for closing the eyelids?
Which muscle is responsible for closing the eyelids?
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Which muscle is responsible for elevating the upper eyelid?
Which muscle is responsible for elevating the upper eyelid?
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Which layer of the skull does the galea aponeurotica attach to?
Which layer of the skull does the galea aponeurotica attach to?
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Which muscle is responsible for closing and protruding the lips?
Which muscle is responsible for closing and protruding the lips?
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Which muscle presses the cheeks against the teeth and lips?
Which muscle presses the cheeks against the teeth and lips?
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Which joint allows for combined hinge and planar type of synovial movement?
Which joint allows for combined hinge and planar type of synovial movement?
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Which of the following ligaments separates the parotid gland from the submandibular gland and limits movement of the mandible at the TMJ?
Which of the following ligaments separates the parotid gland from the submandibular gland and limits movement of the mandible at the TMJ?
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Which artery supplies blood to the anterior thoracic wall and breast tissue?
Which artery supplies blood to the anterior thoracic wall and breast tissue?
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Which artery bifurcates at the level of C3 or C4 cervical vertebrae to form the external and internal carotid arteries?
Which artery bifurcates at the level of C3 or C4 cervical vertebrae to form the external and internal carotid arteries?
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Which veins drain all of the blood from the head and neck?
Which veins drain all of the blood from the head and neck?
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The occipitalfrontalis muscle functions to _________ and ___________
The occipitalfrontalis muscle functions to _________ and ___________
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The occpitalfrontalis muscle is innervated by the _______ nerve
The occpitalfrontalis muscle is innervated by the _______ nerve
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The ________ is a sphincter muscle arranged in concentric bands around the upper and lower eyelids
The ________ is a sphincter muscle arranged in concentric bands around the upper and lower eyelids
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Closing of the eyelid (when the muscle contracts) is done by:
Closing of the eyelid (when the muscle contracts) is done by:
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What muscle is responsible for the elevation and retraction of the upper eyelid?
What muscle is responsible for the elevation and retraction of the upper eyelid?
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The ________ attaches from the maxilla to the upper lip
The ________ attaches from the maxilla to the upper lip
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The ______________ muscles extend from the lateral surface of the zygomatic bone to the angle of the mouth
The ______________ muscles extend from the lateral surface of the zygomatic bone to the angle of the mouth
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What muscle is responsible for a true smile?
What muscle is responsible for a true smile?
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The ___________ muscle is a superficial layer of facial muscles overlying the buccinator muscle
The ___________ muscle is a superficial layer of facial muscles overlying the buccinator muscle
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What muscle is responsible for moving the corner of the lip (fake smile)?
What muscle is responsible for moving the corner of the lip (fake smile)?
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The ____________ is the sphincter muscle surrounding the mouth
The ____________ is the sphincter muscle surrounding the mouth
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Which muscle is responsible for closing and protruding the lips (as in kissing) and keeping food in the mouth?
Which muscle is responsible for closing and protruding the lips (as in kissing) and keeping food in the mouth?
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The ________ muscle is a wide band of muscle on the cheek
The ________ muscle is a wide band of muscle on the cheek
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Which muscle is responsible for pressing the cheeks agains the teeth and lips (for example during whistling) and resisting distention of the mouth?
Which muscle is responsible for pressing the cheeks agains the teeth and lips (for example during whistling) and resisting distention of the mouth?
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The ______________ muscles radiate from lips and angles of the mouth like spokes of a wheel
The ______________ muscles radiate from lips and angles of the mouth like spokes of a wheel
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What muscle is responsible for pulling the lips downwards (retracting borders of the oral fissure) into a grimace or frown?
What muscle is responsible for pulling the lips downwards (retracting borders of the oral fissure) into a grimace or frown?
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All muscles of the mouth, lips and cheeks are innervated by cranial nerve ____ which is the _______
All muscles of the mouth, lips and cheeks are innervated by cranial nerve ____ which is the _______
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The temporalis muscle originates on the temporal fossa and inserts on the _______ and anterior border of ________________
The temporalis muscle originates on the temporal fossa and inserts on the _______ and anterior border of ________________
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Which muscle is responsible for elevation and retraction of the mandible (close jaw)?
Which muscle is responsible for elevation and retraction of the mandible (close jaw)?
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The medial pterygoid muscle originates on the pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone and inserts on the _______________
The medial pterygoid muscle originates on the pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone and inserts on the _______________
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What muscle is responsible for elevation, protrusion, and contralateral deviation of mandible?
What muscle is responsible for elevation, protrusion, and contralateral deviation of mandible?
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What muscle is responsible for protrusion and contralateral deviation of mandible and depression?
What muscle is responsible for protrusion and contralateral deviation of mandible and depression?
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The ___________________ is the joint that connects the lower jaw to your skull
The ___________________ is the joint that connects the lower jaw to your skull
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Describe the rocking and sliding motion of the TMJ
Describe the rocking and sliding motion of the TMJ
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The muscles of mastication are innervated by which nerve?
The muscles of mastication are innervated by which nerve?
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The articular surfaces of the temporomandibular joint is lined with _______
The articular surfaces of the temporomandibular joint is lined with _______
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The TMJ joint is a ______________ type of joint with hinge and planar movements
The TMJ joint is a ______________ type of joint with hinge and planar movements
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The ____________________ of the TMJ is the fibrocartilaginous disc that separates the joint cavity into superior and inferior compartments each with its own synovial membrane
The ____________________ of the TMJ is the fibrocartilaginous disc that separates the joint cavity into superior and inferior compartments each with its own synovial membrane
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What are the three main ligaments of the TMJ?
What are the three main ligaments of the TMJ?
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The TMJ ___________ ligament consists of two short bands and extends from the mandible to zygomatic arch
The TMJ ___________ ligament consists of two short bands and extends from the mandible to zygomatic arch
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Which joint is covered by the parotid gland and strengthens the TMJ laterally preventing posterior dislocation of the mandible?
Which joint is covered by the parotid gland and strengthens the TMJ laterally preventing posterior dislocation of the mandible?
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Which TMJ ligament is a supporting extrinsic ligament that tethers the mandible to the skull?
Which TMJ ligament is a supporting extrinsic ligament that tethers the mandible to the skull?
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Which TMJ ligament extends from the styloid process of the temporal bone to the ramus of the mandible and prevents further opening of the jaw?
Which TMJ ligament extends from the styloid process of the temporal bone to the ramus of the mandible and prevents further opening of the jaw?
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Which muscles are responsible for elevation of the mandible (closing of the mouth)?
Which muscles are responsible for elevation of the mandible (closing of the mouth)?
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Which muscles are responsible for depression of the mandible (opening the mouth)?
Which muscles are responsible for depression of the mandible (opening the mouth)?
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Which muscles are responsible for protrusion of the mandible?
Which muscles are responsible for protrusion of the mandible?
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Which muscles are responsible for retrusion of the mandible?
Which muscles are responsible for retrusion of the mandible?
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Which group of muscles is responsible for the lateral movements of the mandible (grinding and chewing)?
Which group of muscles is responsible for the lateral movements of the mandible (grinding and chewing)?
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The left and right carotid arteries divide into _______ and ___________ carotid artery branches at the level of ______ vertebrae
The left and right carotid arteries divide into _______ and ___________ carotid artery branches at the level of ______ vertebrae
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The two main veins of the neck where all sources of the head/neck drain into are the ______ and__________ veins
The two main veins of the neck where all sources of the head/neck drain into are the ______ and__________ veins
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The two main facial nerves are _____________ and _____________
The two main facial nerves are _____________ and _____________
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What are the three branches of cranial nerve 5 (trigeminal nerve)?
What are the three branches of cranial nerve 5 (trigeminal nerve)?
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What are the five branches of cranial nerve 7 (facial nerve)?
What are the five branches of cranial nerve 7 (facial nerve)?
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Cranial nerve I is ___________
Cranial nerve I is ___________
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Cranial nerve II is ___________
Cranial nerve II is ___________
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Cranial nerve III is ___________
Cranial nerve III is ___________
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Cranial nerve IV is ___________
Cranial nerve IV is ___________
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Cranial nerve V is ___________
Cranial nerve V is ___________
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Cranial nerve VI is ___________
Cranial nerve VI is ___________
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Cranial nerve VII is ___________
Cranial nerve VII is ___________
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Cranial nerve VIII is ___________
Cranial nerve VIII is ___________
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Cranial nerve VIIII is ___________
Cranial nerve VIIII is ___________
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Cranial nerve X is ___________
Cranial nerve X is ___________
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Cranial nerve XI is ___________
Cranial nerve XI is ___________
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Cranial nerve XII is ___________
Cranial nerve XII is ___________
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Study Notes
Anatomy of the Face, Scalp, Cranium, Neck, Muscles of Mastication, and Cranial Nerves
- The scalp consists of layers of skin, dense connective tissue, an aponeurosis, loose connective tissue, and the pericranium.
- The muscles of the scalp and forehead include the occipitofrontalis muscle, which elevates the eyebrows and wrinkles the forehead.
- The muscles of the orbit include the orbicularis oculi muscle, which closes the eyelids, and the levator palpebrae superioris muscle, which elevates the upper eyelid.
- The muscles of the mouth, lips, and cheeks include the levator labii superioris muscle, which moves the upper lip towards the eye, and the zygomaticus major and minor muscles, which are involved in smiling.
- The muscles of mastication include the temporalis muscle, which elevates and retracts the mandible, and the masseter muscle, which elevates and protracts the mandible.
- The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) allows for the opening and closing of the mouth and consists of the condylar process of the mandible, the articular disc, and the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone.
- The TMJ is supported by ligaments, including the TMJ-lateral ligament, the TMJ-sphenomandibular ligament, and the TMJ-stylomandibular ligament.
- Dislocation of the TMJ can occur during certain movements of the jaw, such as yawning or taking a large bite.
- The blood supply to the face, head, and neck comes from the ascending and arch of the aorta, the brachiocephalic artery, the left common carotid artery, the left subclavian artery, and the descending aorta.
- The venous drainage from the face, head, and neck is carried out by the intracranial sinuses, superficial veins, and deep veins, which ultimately drain into the internal and external jugular veins.
- The main facial nerves are the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve 5), which has three branches for sensory innervation, and the facial nerve (cranial nerve 7), which has five branches for motor innervation.
- Peripheral nerves, including autonomic nerves, extend throughout the body and are responsible for automatic functions.
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Description
Explore the intricate details of the face and neck anatomy, covering the layers of the scalp, muscles responsible for facial expressions and mastication, temporomandibular joint functions, and the blood and nerve supply to the area.
