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Questions and Answers
What is a characteristic of muscles in the face?
What is a characteristic of muscles in the face?
What is the function of the orbicularis oris muscle?
What is the function of the orbicularis oris muscle?
Which of the following muscles is NOT a muscle of the upper lip?
Which of the following muscles is NOT a muscle of the upper lip?
What is the arrangement of the muscles of facial expression?
What is the arrangement of the muscles of facial expression?
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What is the primary function of the muscles of facial expression?
What is the primary function of the muscles of facial expression?
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How many muscles of facial expression are listed in the text?
How many muscles of facial expression are listed in the text?
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What is the primary function of the muscles of the face?
What is the primary function of the muscles of the face?
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What type of muscles are the muscles of facial expression?
What type of muscles are the muscles of facial expression?
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What is the common feature of muscles of facial expression?
What is the common feature of muscles of facial expression?
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What is the arrangement of the muscles of facial expression?
What is the arrangement of the muscles of facial expression?
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What is the location of the muscles of facial expression?
What is the location of the muscles of facial expression?
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What is the characteristic of the skin in the face?
What is the characteristic of the skin in the face?
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What is the primary function of the orbicularis oculi muscle?
What is the primary function of the orbicularis oculi muscle?
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Which muscle helps to flare the nostrils?
Which muscle helps to flare the nostrils?
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What is the primary function of the lacrimal portion of the orbicularis oculi muscle?
What is the primary function of the lacrimal portion of the orbicularis oculi muscle?
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Which cranial nerve is responsible for motor innervation of the muscles of facial expression?
Which cranial nerve is responsible for motor innervation of the muscles of facial expression?
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What is the primary function of the buccinator muscle?
What is the primary function of the buccinator muscle?
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What is the primary function of the platysma muscle?
What is the primary function of the platysma muscle?
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What is the primary function of the facial nerve?
What is the primary function of the facial nerve?
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Through which foramen does the facial nerve leave the skull and enter the parotid gland?
Through which foramen does the facial nerve leave the skull and enter the parotid gland?
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What is the name of the duct that extends across the masseter muscle and pierces the buccinator?
What is the name of the duct that extends across the masseter muscle and pierces the buccinator?
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During parotidectomy, what is critical to identify, dissect, and preserve?
During parotidectomy, what is critical to identify, dissect, and preserve?
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What is the term for the inflammation and swelling of the parotid gland?
What is the term for the inflammation and swelling of the parotid gland?
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How many major divisions does the facial nerve divide into within the parotid gland?
How many major divisions does the facial nerve divide into within the parotid gland?
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What is the primary reason for severe pain in parotid swelling?
What is the primary reason for severe pain in parotid swelling?
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Which branch of the facial nerve supplies the muscles of the forehead and temple?
Which branch of the facial nerve supplies the muscles of the forehead and temple?
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What is the function of the frontalis muscle?
What is the function of the frontalis muscle?
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Which muscle is responsible for whistling?
Which muscle is responsible for whistling?
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What is the name of the condition that is characterized by lesions in the facial nerve?
What is the name of the condition that is characterized by lesions in the facial nerve?
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Which branch of the facial nerve supplies the platysma muscle?
Which branch of the facial nerve supplies the platysma muscle?
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Study Notes
Muscles of the Face
- Muscles of facial expression: frontalis, orbicularis oculi, zygomaticus major, levator labii superioris, levator anguli oris, orbicularis oris, risorius, depressor anguli oris, depressor labii inferioris, mentalis, and platysma
- Muscles around the orifices of the face: orbit, nasal cavity, mouth, and ear
- Muscles of the face are thin, closely applied to the skin, and primarily developed to guard the openings of the skull
- Muscles of facial expression have several features in common:
- Origin from bone and insertion into the skin
- Lie in the superficial fascia
- Innervated by the facial nerve
- Grouped around openings of the eyes and mouth
Muscles Around the Mouth
- Orbicularis oris: a sphincter muscle of the mouth, forms the greater part of the lips, and is used in speech and facial expression
- Muscles of the upper lip: zygomaticus major, levator labii superioris, and levator anguli oris
- Muscles of the lower lip: depressor anguli oris and depressor labii inferioris
- Buccinator: presses the cheek against the molar teeth to keep food between teeth and expels air from the oral cavity
Innervation of the Face
- The motor innervation to muscles of facial expression is Cranial Nerve VII (Facial)
- The facial nerve leaves the skull through the stylomastoid foramen and enters the substance of the parotid gland, where it divides into 5 major divisions: temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, and cervical
- The facial nerve innervates the muscles of facial expression and forms a plexus within the parotid gland
- Branches of the facial nerve radiate over the face, anastomosing with each other and the branches of the trigeminal nerve
Clinical Significance
- During parotidectomy, identification, dissection, and preservation of the branches of the facial nerve are critical
- Infection of the parotid gland (parotiditis) can cause inflammation and swelling of the gland
- Facial nerve lesions can cause Bell's Palsy or peripheral facial paralysis, with signs depending on the location of the lesion
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Description
Learn about the thin muscles of the face, their functions, and how they control the openings of the skull, such as the eyes, nose, and mouth. Discover how they produce characteristic movements that display emotions.
