Muscle Movements of Eye and Trunk
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Questions and Answers

Which muscle is responsible for elevating and laterally moving the eye?

  • Superior Oblique
  • Lateral Rectus
  • Inferior Rectus
  • Superior Rectus (correct)
  • Which muscle is primarily responsible for depressing and medially moving the eye?

  • Inferior Oblique
  • Medial Rectus
  • Lateral Rectus
  • Inferior Rectus (correct)
  • Which cranial nerve is associated with the Lateral Rectus muscle?

  • Oculomotor
  • Trochlear
  • Trigeminal
  • Abducens (correct)
  • What action does the Inferior Oblique muscle perform on the eye?

    <p>Elevates and laterally moves the eye</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the function of the superficial group of trunk muscles?

    <p>To produce erect posture and facilitate lateral flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one primary action of the rectus abdominis muscle?

    <p>Compresses the abdominal wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is primarily responsible for the rotation of the vertebral column?

    <p>External abdominal oblique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary origin of the external abdominal oblique muscle?

    <p>Fifth to twelfth ribs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle's action includes aiding in forced expiration?

    <p>External abdominal oblique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the insertion point for the transversus abdominis muscle?

    <p>Linea alba</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve branches primarily innervate the muscles of the abdominal wall?

    <p>Lumbar nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key function of the abdominal wall muscles?

    <p>To support internal organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which physiological process do the abdominal wall muscles significantly engage?

    <p>Sneezing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for adducting the arm and flexing the shoulder?

    <p>Coracobrachialis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the action of the infraspinatus muscle?

    <p>Laterally rotates the arm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve innervates the deltoid muscle?

    <p>Axillary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle extends the shoulder and adducts the arm?

    <p>Latissimus dorsi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of the supraspinatus muscle?

    <p>Abducts the arm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the teres major muscle insert?

    <p>Medial crest of the intertubercular groove</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the functions of the subscapularis muscle?

    <p>Holds the head of the humerus in place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle originates from the spinous processes of T7–L5?

    <p>Latissimus dorsi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action does the pectoralis major muscle perform when the shoulder is flexed?

    <p>Medial rotation of the arm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is NOT part of the rotator cuff?

    <p>Teres major</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for extending the neck?

    <p>Splenius cervicis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nerve supply for the erector spinae muscles?

    <p>Dorsal rami of thoracic and lumbar nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle extends, laterally flexes, and rotates the vertebral column?

    <p>Iliocostalis thoracis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the longissimus capitis insert?

    <p>Mastoid process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action does the intertransversarii muscle perform?

    <p>Laterally flexes the vertebral column</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle originates from the transverse processes of T5-T11 and extends the vertebral column?

    <p>Semispinalis thoracis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle acts to depress the twelfth rib?

    <p>Quadratus lumborum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle divides into three columns within the erector spinae group?

    <p>Iliocostalis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the muscles that form the multifidus?

    <p>Extend and rotate the vertebral column</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is primarily involved in the extension of the head?

    <p>Longissimus capitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the function of spinalis thoracis?

    <p>Extending the vertebral column</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles extends the neck?

    <p>Splenius cervicis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the semispinalis cervicis?

    <p>Transverse processes of T2–T5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for extending the hip and also abducts and laterally rotates the thigh?

    <p>Gluteus maximus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of the adductor group of muscles?

    <p>Adducts the thigh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is involved in medially rotating the thigh?

    <p>Gracilis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The gluteus medius muscle helps in tilting which part of the body?

    <p>Pelvis toward the unsupported side</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle originates from the iliac fossa and acts to flex the hip?

    <p>Iliacus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the action of the tensor fasciae latae muscle?

    <p>Tenses lateral fascia and stabilizes femur on tibia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The quadratus femoris muscle is primarily involved in which movement?

    <p>Lateral rotation of the thigh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve innervates the gluteus medius and minimus muscles?

    <p>Superior gluteal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for laterally rotating and abducting the thigh?

    <p>Piriformis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The iliopsoas group is primarily responsible for which action?

    <p>Flexion of the hip</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Movements of the Eyeball

    • Muscles moving the eyes include the superior oblique, inferior oblique, inferior rectus, lateral rectus, medial rectus, and superior rectus
    • The superior oblique is innervated by the trochlear nerve and depresses and laterally moves the eye
    • The inferior rectus is innervated by the oculomotor nerve and depresses and medially moves the eye
    • The lateral rectus is innervated by the abducens nerve and laterally moves the eye
    • The medial rectus is innervated by the oculomotor nerve and medially moves the eye
    • The superior rectus is innervated by the oculomotor nerve and elevates and medially moves the eye

    Trunk Muscles

    • Muscles that move the vertebral column are responsible for extending, laterally flexing, and rotating it
    • Trunk muscles are instrumental in the production of erect posture
    • Trunk muscles are organized into superficial and deep groups
    • Superficial trunk muscles extend from vertebrae to ribs
    • Deep trunk muscles extend from vertebra to vertebra

    Muscles Acting on the Vertebral Column

    • The erector spinae is a large superficial muscle that helps extend, laterally flex, and rotate the vertebral column
    • The erector spinae is made up of three columns: iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis
    • The semispinalis extends the neck and vertebral column
    • Psoas major is located in the iliopsoas group and flexes the hip
    • The deep muscles include interspinales, intertransversarii, multifidus, quadratus lumborum, rotatores, and splenius cervicis
    • The interspinales extend the back and neck
    • The intertransversarii laterally flex the vertebral column
    • The multifidus extends and rotates the vertebral column
    • The quadratus lumborum laterally flexes the vertebral column and helps depress the twelfth rib
    • The rotatores extend and rotate the vertebral column

    Posterior Neck and Deep Neck Muscles

    • Posterior Neck and Deep Neck Muscles extend from the neck down to the base of the skull
    • Posterior Neck and Deep Neck Muscles play an important role in rotating the neck and head

    Abdominal Wall

    • Abdominal wall muscles flex, rotate the vertebral column, and decrease the volume of the abdominal and thoracic cavities
    • Abdominal wall muscles aid in forced expiration, vomiting, defecation, urination, and childbirth
    • The abdominal wall is formed by a complex crossing pattern of multiple muscles, which contributes to its strength and ability to support organs

    Muscles of the Abdominal Wall

    • Abdominal wall muscle groups include the rectus abdominis, external abdominal oblique, internal abdominal oblique, and transversus abdominis
    • The rectus abdominis flexes the vertebral column and compresses the abdominal wall
    • The external abdominal oblique flexes and rotates the vertebral column, depresses the thorax, and compresses the abdominal wall
    • The internal abdominal oblique flexes and rotates the vertebral column, compresses the abdominal wall, and depresses the thorax
    • The transversus abdominis compresses the abdominal wall

    Anterior Abdominal Wall Muscles

    • The anterior abdominal wall muscles are responsible for important functions such as flexing the vertebral column, compressing the abdominal wall, and supporting the abdominal organs

    Muscles of the Arm Acting on the Forearm

    • Muscles acting on the arm and forearm include the coracobrachialis, deltoid, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, teres major, and the rotator cuff muscles
    • The rotator cuff muscles include the infraspinatus, subscapularis, supraspinatus, and teres minor
    • The coracobrachialis adducts the arm and flexes the shoulder
    • The deltoid flexes, extends, abducts, and rotates the arm at the shoulder
    • The latissimus dorsi adducts, medially rotates, and extends the arm
    • The pectoralis major flexes, adducts, and rotates the arm at the shoulder, it also extends the shoulder from a flexed position
    • The teres major extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm
    • The supraspinatus abducts the arm and helps stabilize the head of the humerus
    • The infraspinatus laterally rotates the arm and helps stabilize the head of the humerus
    • The subscapularis medially rotates the arm and stabilizes the head of the humerus
    • The teres minor laterally rotates, adducts, and helps stabilize the head of the humerus

    Forearm Movements

    • Muscles acting on the forearm allow movement at the elbow joint

    Muscles Acting on the Hip and Thigh

    • The gluteal muscles, lateral rotator group, adductor group, and iliopsoas group all act on the hip and thigh
    • The gluteal group includes the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fasciae latae
    • The gluteus maximus extends and rotates the thigh at the hip as well as abducts it
    • The gluteus medius abducts and medially rotates the thigh and also helps tilt the pelvis
    • The gluteus minimus abducts and medially rotates the thigh and helps tilt the pelvis
    • The tensor fasciae latae tenses the lateral fascia and helps to stabilize the femur
    • The lateral rotator group is made up of the gemellus (inferior and superior), obturator (externus and internus), and piriformis
    • The adductor group is made up of the adductor brevis, adductor longus, adductor magnus, gracilis, and pectineus
    • The iliopsoas group is made up of the iliacus and psoas major, and flexes the hip

    Leg Movements

    • Leg movements are facilitated by muscles located in the thigh and leg which act on the knee and ankle joints
    • The quadriceps femoris group is located anterior to the thigh
    • The quadriceps femoris group is responsible for extending the knee

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    Description

    This quiz covers the various muscles responsible for eye movement, including their innervation and functions, as well as the muscles of the trunk that support posture and movement. Test your knowledge on the superior oblique, inferior rectus, and other related muscles. Perfect for students studying anatomy!

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