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Questions and Answers
What is the function of synovial fluid?
Which of the following structures is NOT classified as a type of joint?
What is one of the functions of the Latissimus Dorsi?
Which type of joint allows for the greatest range of motion?
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Which muscle is primarily responsible for flexing the wrist and is located on the medial side?
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What are the two most stable joint classes?
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Which bone is considered the weight-bearing bone of the lower leg?
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What action is NOT performed by the Deltoid muscle?
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What muscle has a function of extending the digits?
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Which statement best describes the relationship between joint mobility and stability?
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What type of cartilage is found in a symphysis joint?
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Which of the following muscles primarily aids in flexing the humerus?
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Which structure provides cushioning and reduces friction in joints?
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What describes the action of moving a limb away from the midline of the body?
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Which joint is characterized by a cylindrical bone rotating within a ring of bone and ligament?
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What type of movement involves decreasing the angle between body parts?
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In which joint can the head of the femur rotate within the acetabulum?
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What is the primary function of a fibrocartilage disc in a joint such as the TMJ?
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Which of the following movements is characterized by the sole of the foot tilting outward?
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What type of joint allows for movement in multiple directions and has a convex surface fitting into a concave surface?
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What is defined as the action of turning the palm upwards?
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What is the primary action of the masseter muscle?
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Which of the following muscles is responsible for stabilizing the hyoid bone?
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Which muscle is primarily involved in inhalation during respiration?
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What is the primary action of the orbicularis oculi muscle?
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Which muscle helps in elevating the ribs during inhalation?
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Which of the following muscles is primarily involved in mastication?
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What action is primarily performed by the zygomaticus major muscle?
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Which muscle primarily acts in depressed movements of the angle of the mouth?
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The primary action of the abdominal muscles is related to which function?
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Which muscle plays a role in the exhalation process during respiration?
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Which muscle is NOT involved in supination at insertion?
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Which of the following muscles is shared by all three heads of the triceps brachii in terms of action?
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Which muscle group is involved in both upper leg and lower leg movements?
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Which muscle is primarily responsible for plantar flexion in the lower leg?
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Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the hamstring group?
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Which muscle assists with both hip extension and knee flexion?
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Which muscle is primarily located in the anterior compartment of the lower leg?
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What action does the Gracilis muscle primarily facilitate?
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Study Notes
Vocabulary Terms
- A muscle is a contractile organ that produces force, allowing movement in the body. It is composed of specialized cells called muscle fibers.
- A tendon is a strong, fibrous cord that attaches muscle to bone.
- An origin is the attachment point of a muscle that remains relatively fixed during contraction.
- An insertion is the attachment point of a muscle that moves during contraction.
- An action refers to what a muscle does when it contracts, such as flexing, extending, abducting, or adducting a joint.
- Fascia is a thin sheet of connective tissue that surrounds and supports muscles, and other organs.
Actions of Muscles
- Frontalis: Raises eyebrows and wrinkles forehead (surprise expression).
- Occipitalis: Pulls scalp backwards, working with the frontalis to wrinkle the forehead.
- Orbicularis oculi: Closes eyelids (blinking, squinting).
- Levator palpebrae superioris: Raises upper eyelid.
- Zygomaticus major: Elevates corners of mouth (smiling).
- Orbicularis oris: Closes lips, protrudes lips (kissing, puckering).
- Depressor anguli oris: Depresses corners of mouth (frowning).
- Mentalis: Protrudes lower lip (pouty expression).
- Masseter: Chews, elevates mandible (closing jaw).
- Temporalis: Chews, elevates mandible (closing jaw).
- External pterygoid: Depresses mandible (opening jaw).
- Internal pterygoid: Elevates and protrudes mandible (closing jaw).
- Buccinator: Compresses cheeks, holds food between teeth (cheek sucking).
- Digastric: Depresses mandible (opening jaw).
- Sternohyoid: Stabilizes hyoid bone for digastric and myohyoid muscles.
- Mylohyoid: Depresses mandible (opening jaw).
- Sternocleidomastoid: Flexes head, rotates head to opposite side (neck movement).
- Splenius capitis: Extends head, rotates head to same side (neck movement).
- Diaphragm: Primary muscle for inspiration (inhaling).
- External Intercostals: Elevate ribs during inspiration (inhaling).
- Internal Intercostals: Depress ribs during expiration (exhaling).
- Scalene: Elevates ribs during inspiration (inhaling) & flexes neck.
- Rectus abdominis: Flexes vertebral column (bending forward).
- External oblique: Rotates vertebral column (twisting), compresses abdomen.
- Internal oblique: Rotates vertebral column (twisting) & compresses abdomen.
- Transverse abdominis: Compresses abdomen.
- Trapezius: Elevates, retracts, and depresses scapula (shoulder movement).
- Erector spinae: Extends vertebral column (straightening back).
- Flexor carpi radialis: Flexes wrist, abducts hand.
- Flexor carpi ulnaris: Flexes wrist, adducts hand.
- Brachioradialis: Flexes elbow (at origin).
- Flexor digitorum profundus: Flexes distal (fourth) phalanges (bending fingers).
- Flexor digitorum superficialis: Flexes proximal (middle) phalanges (bending fingers).
- Palmaris longus: Flexes wrist.
- Latissimus dorsi: Extends and adducts humerus (shoulder movement), rotates arm internally.
- Deltoid: Abducts humerus at shoulder (lifting arm sideways).
- Coracobrachialis: Flexes and adducts humerus (shoulder movement).
- Biceps brachii: Flexes elbow, supinates forearm (rotating palm up).
- Brachialis: Flexes elbow.
- Triceps brachii: Extends elbow (straightening arm).
- Extensor digitorum: Extends fingers.
- Extensor carpi radialis: Extends and abducts wrist.
- Extensor carpi ulnaris: Extends and adducts wrist.
- Tensor fasciae latae: Flexes and abducts hip (hip and thigh movement).
- Gluteus maximus: Extends and laterally rotates hip (hip movement).
- Rectus femoris: Extends knee (straightening leg).
- Vastus medialis: Extends knee (straightening leg).
- Vastus lateralis: Extends knee (straightening leg).
- Vastus intermedius: Extends knee (straightening leg).
- Adductor magnus: Adducts thigh (moving leg toward midline).
- Gracilis: Adducts thigh (moving leg toward midline).
- Semitendinosus: Extends hip, flexes knee (hip and leg movement).
- Semimembranosus: Extends hip, flexes knee (hip and leg movement).
- Biceps femoris: Extends hip, flexes knee (hip and leg movement).
- Gastrocnemius: Plantar flexes foot (pointing toes).
- Soleus: Plantar flexes foot (pointing toes).
- Tibialis anterior: Dorsiflexes and inverts foot (lifting foot up).
- Fibularis longus: Everts and plantar flexes foot (pointing toes outward).
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Description
Test your knowledge on important vocabulary terms related to muscle anatomy and actions. This quiz covers definitions of key terms such as muscle fibers, tendons, origins, and insertions, as well as the actions performed by various facial muscles. Perfect for students in anatomy or physiology courses.
