Muscle Actions: Head, Neck, and Trunk

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Questions and Answers

Which muscle is primarily responsible for elevating the superior lip?

Depressor Labii Inferioris

Orbicularis Oris

Zygomaticus

Levator Labii Superioris (correct)

What is the primary action of the Buccinator muscle?

Flexing the neck

Holding food during chewing (correct)

Jaw extension

Lowering the hyoid

Which group of muscles is responsible for the flexion of the elbow?

Triceps Brachii and Anconeus

Biceps Brachii and Brachialis (correct)

Flexor Carpi Radialis and Palmaris Longus

Latissimus Dorsi and Pectoralis Major

Which muscle is primarily responsible for adducting the arm?

Pectoralis Major Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle acts to depress the hyoid bone?

Sternothyroid Signup and view all the answers

The action of the Rectus Abdominus muscle includes which of the following?

Flexing the trunk Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is responsible for medial rotation of the arm?

Subscapularis Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle group is primarily involved in dorsiflexing the foot?

Tibialis Anterior and Extensor Digitorum Longus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles is primarily responsible for plantar flexion of the foot?

Fibularis Longus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles originates on the mandible?

Mentalis Signup and view all the answers

Which muscles in the neck originate on the sternum and/or manubrium?

Sternohyoid Signup and view all the answers

What is the common insertion point for most anterior neck muscles?

Hyoid Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles does not originate from the scapula?

Pectoralis Major Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical feature do most abdominal muscles insert upon?

Linea Alba Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle originates at the radial groove of the humerus?

Triceps Signup and view all the answers

Most muscles of the upper arm insert into which bones?

Ulna and Radius Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles primarily originates from the lateral epicondyle?

Extensor Digitorum Signup and view all the answers

Where do most anterior lower leg muscles originate?

Fibula Signup and view all the answers

What structure do the muscles of the lower leg typically insert into?

Calcaneus or Phalanges Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle in the upper leg primarily originates near the pubic symphysis?

Adductor Longus Signup and view all the answers

Most posterior upper leg muscles insert into which bone?

Tibia Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is an exception that does not originate at the fibula?

Tibialis Anterior Signup and view all the answers

Which group of lower arm muscles originates primarily at the medial epicondyle?

Flexors Signup and view all the answers

Where do most muscles that move the arm insert?

Humerus Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Actions of the Head/Neck

Head: Most facial muscles move the lips, mouth, or jaw.
- Lip moving muscles: Levator Labii Superioris (raises upper lip), Depressor Labii Inferioris (lowers lower lip), Orbicularis Oris (closes lips).
- Mouth corner muscles: Zygomaticus (smiling), Risorius (smiling), Levator and Depressor Anguli Oris (raise/lower mouth angle).
- Jaw moving/chewing muscles: Masseter, Temporalis, Buccinator (holds food).
Neck: All neck muscles attach to the hyoid, elevating or depressing it, and extending or flexing the head/neck.
- Depress the hyoid: Thyrohyoid, Omohyoid, Sternohyoid, Sternothyroid.
- Elevate the hyoid: Digastric, Mylohyoid, Stylohyoid.

Actions of the Trunk Muscles

Muscles move the scapula, arm (humerus), or involved in breathing or moving abdominal regions of the trunk.
- Abduct the arm: Deltoid, Supraspinatus.
- Adduct the arm: Pectoralis Major, Latissimus Dorsi, Teres Major, Subscapularis.
- Arm flexion/extension: Pectoralis Major (flex), Latissimus Dorsi (extend), Pectoralis Minor, Serratus Anterior.
- Lateral Rotation of the arm: Infraspinatus, Teres minor.
- Medial rotation of the arm: Subscapularis, Teres major.
- Compress abdominal wall/flex and rotate trunk: Rectus abdominus, External Oblique, Internal Oblique, Transverse Abdominus.
- Breathing muscles: Diaphragm, External Intercostals, Internal Intercostals.

Arm Muscle Actions

Upper arm: Muscles flex or extend the forearm.
- Flexion of the elbow/forearm: Biceps Brachii, Brachialis, Brachioradialis.
- Extension of the elbow/forearm: Triceps Brachii, Anconeus.
Lower arm: Muscles flex/extend the hand/wrist, pronate/supinate forearm, move thumb.
- Flex the wrist/hand: Flexor Carpi Radialis, Flexor Carpi Ulnaris, Palmaris Longus, Flexor Digitorum Superficialis, Flexor Digitorum Profundis.
- Extend the wrist/hand: Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus/Brevis, Extensor Digitorum, Extensor Carpi Ulnaris..
- Move the thumb: Abductor Pollicis Longus, Extensor Pollicis Brevis, Flexor Pollicis Longus.
- Pronate/supinate: Supinator, Pronator Teres, Pronator Quadratus.

Leg Muscle Actions

Upper leg: Muscles flex/extend thigh/hip or knee/lower leg.
- Flex/extend thigh/hip: Iliacus and Psoas Major (Iliopsoas), Sartorius, Tensor Fascia Latae, Quadriceps muscles, Hamstrings, Gluteus Maximum.
- Flex/extend knee/lower leg: Quadriceps muscles, Hamstrings.
Lower leg: Muscles dorsiflex/plantar flex the foot.
- Dorsiflex: Tibialis Anterior, Extensor Digitorum Longus, Extensor Hallucis Longus.
- Plantat flex: Fibularis Longus/Brevis, Tibialis Posterior, Flexor Digitorum Longus, Flexor Hallucis Longus.

Head and Neck Origins and Insertions

Most head muscles originate on the zygomatic, maxilla, or mandible.
Most anterior neck muscles originate on the sternum/manubrium or mandible.
Most lateral/posterior neck muscles insert on the scapula or occipital bone.

Trunk Origins and Insertions

Breathing muscles have origins and insertions on the ribs.
Most abdominal muscles insert on the Linea Alba or pubic crest. Most muscles that move the arm originate at the scapula.

Upper and Lower Arm Origins and Insertions

Most anterior lower arm muscles originate at the humerus (medial epicondyle).
Most posterior lower arm muscles originate at the humerus (lateral epicondyle). - Most anterior/posterior lower arm thumb originate at the interosseous membrane.

Upper and Lower Leg Origins and Insertions

Most anterior medial upper leg muscles have origins in the pubic ramus and insertions in the linea aspera.
Anterior upper leg muscles insert at the patella or tibial tuberosity.
Posterior upper leg muscles originate at the gluteal lines and insert on the femur.
Most posterior upper leg muscles originate at the ischial tuberosity and insert on the tibia.
Muscles of the anterior lower leg originate at the fibula.
Muscles of the posterior lower leg originate at the fibula, tibia, or femur.

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Description

This quiz explores the various muscle actions in the head, neck, and trunk regions of the body. You will be tested on the functions and names of specific muscles involved in facial expressions, chewing, neck movement, and trunk mobility. Enhance your understanding of human anatomy and muscular functions.