Muscle Anatomy of the Leg

The leg is the part of the lower limb between the knee and ankle joints.

The leg is divided into three compartments: Anterior/extensor, lateral (fibular), and Posterior/flexor.

Tibialis anterior, Extensor digitorum longus, Extensor hallucis longus, and Fibularis tertius.

<p>The upper two-thirds of the lateral surface of tibia, the interosseous membrane, and the deep fascia overlying it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The medial and inferior surfaces of the medial cuneiform bone and adjacent parts of the first metatarsal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The middle two-fourths of the medial surface of the fibula and the adjacent interosseous membrane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The base of the distal phalanx of the great toe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The upper three-quarter of the medial surface of the fibula extending superiorly, the lateral condyle of the tibia, and the deep fascia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The dorsal surfaces of the bases of the middle and distal phalanges of the lateral four toes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The lower third of the anterior surface of the fibula.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The base of the fifth metatarsal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It contains the peroneal longus, peroneal brevis muscles, and the superficial peroneal nerve.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Branches of the peroneal artery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Into the small saphenous vein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The head and the upper two-third of the peroneal surface of the fibula and from intermuscular septa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The lateral side of the base of the first metatarsal and the adjoining part of the medial cuneiform.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The superficial peroneal nerve (L5 S1).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The superficial peroneal nerve (L5, S1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It everts and weakly plantarflexes the foot.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fibular retinacula bind the tendons of the peroneus longus and brevis muscles to the lateral side of the foot. In addition, a superior fibular retinaculum extends between the lateral malleolus and the calcaneus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The region of the lower limb between the knee and ankle joints.

The popliteal fossa is a diamond-shaped space at the back of the knee where major structures pass between the thigh and the leg. Tarsal tunnel situated at the ankle where structures pass between the leg and foot.

The anterior compartment of the leg is located in front of the interosseous membrane, between the tibial and fibular shafts.

The anterior compartment muscles dorsiflex the ankle, extend the toes, and invert the foot.

The lateral compartment lies between the fibula and the deep fascia of the leg, and it is bounded by intermuscular septa.

The lateral compartment muscles evert the foot, which means turning the sole outwards.

The posterior compartment is located at the back of the leg and contains muscles that plantarflex the ankle, flex the toes, and evert the foot.

Interosseous membrane, intermuscular septa, and deep fascia divide the leg into three compartments.

The superior extensor retinaculum (SER) and inferior extensor retinaculum (IER) are thick fascia bands that prevent the tendons of the anterior compartment muscles from bowstringing during dorsiflexion.

The tibialis anterior muscle is located in the anterior compartment of the leg, originates from the tibia and interosseous membrane, and inserts on the medial cuneiform and first metatarsal.

The tibialis anterior muscle dorsiflexes the ankle and inverts the foot. It also helps support the medial arch of the foot.

The extensor hallucis longus muscle is located in the anterior compartment of the leg, originates from the fibula and interosseous membrane, and inserts on the distal phalanx of the great toe.

The extensor hallucis longus muscle extends the great toe and dorsiflexes the ankle.

The extensor digitorum longus muscle is located in the anterior compartment, originates from the tibia and fibula, and inserts on the middle and distal phalanges of the lateral four toes.

The extensor digitorum longus muscle extends the lateral four toes and dorsiflexes the ankle.

The fibularis tertius muscle is located in the anterior compartment, originates from the fibula, and inserts on the base of the fifth metatarsal.

The fibularis tertius muscle assists in dorsiflexion and possibly eversion of the foot.

The peroneus longus muscle is located in the lateral compartment, originates from the fibula, and inserts on the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform.

The peroneus longus muscle everts and plantarflexes the foot and contributes to maintaining the arches of the foot.

The peroneus brevis muscle is located in the lateral compartment, originates from the fibula, and inserts on the tubercle of the fifth metatarsal.

The peroneus brevis muscle everts and weakly plantarflexes the foot.

Superior and inferior fibular retinacula are bands that hold the tendons of the peroneus longus and peroneus brevis muscles in place on the lateral side of the ankle.

The deep fibular nerve innervates the anterior compartment muscles, while the superficial fibular nerve innervates the lateral compartment muscles.

The anterior compartment muscles are supplied by the anterior tibial artery, while the lateral compartment muscles are supplied by branches of the peroneal artery.

The veins in the leg compartments drain into the small saphenous vein and into the deep venous system.

The anterior compartment muscles are responsible for dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot, while the lateral compartment muscles are responsible for eversion and plantarflexion.

The posterior compartment muscles are responsible for plantarflexion, inversion and eversion, and flexion of the toes.

The interosseous membrane, the intermuscular septa, and the deep fascia create compartments within the leg, allowing for distinct muscle groups that perform specific actions.