Leg Anatomy: Muscles and Compartments
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following muscles are found in the posterior compartment of the leg?

  • Extensor hallucis longus, Fibularis longus, Tibialis anterior
  • Tibialis anterior, Extensor digitorum longus, Peroneus tertius
  • Gastrocnemius, Soleus, Plantaris
  • Tibialis posterior, Flexor digitorum longus, Flexor hallucis longus (correct)
  • Which of the following muscles is not an intrinsic muscle of the foot?

  • Extensor digitorum brevis
  • Abductor hallucis
  • Tibialis posterior (correct)
  • Flexor digitorum brevis
  • Which of the following structures is not found in the popliteal fossa?

  • Semimembranosus muscle
  • Extensor digitorum longus (correct)
  • Tibial nerve
  • Popliteal artery
  • Which of the following muscles is an antagonist to the biceps brachii during elbow flexion?

    <p>Triceps brachii</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is found in the lateral compartment of the leg?

    <p>Peroneus longus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles forms the calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon)?

    <p>Gastrocnemius and Soleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscle groups is the antagonist to the quadriceps femoris during knee extension?

    <p>Hamstring muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a good site for intramuscular injections in adults?

    <p>Tibialis anterior muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is responsible for inversion of the foot?

    <p>Tibialis posterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is not part of the dorsal group of intrinsic foot muscles?

    <p>Flexor digitorum brevis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Muscles of the Lower Limb

    Thigh Muscles

    • Anterior compartment: extensors of the knee muscles

      • Quadriceps femoris (4 heads: rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius)
        • O.pelvis → In.tibial tuberosity via quadriceps tendon & patellar ligament
        • Extension of the knee (straight leg), stabilize patella, hip flexion
      • Sartorius (longest muscle in the body)
        • O.ilium → In.medial tibia
        • Flex knee, flex hip + lat rotation
    • Medial compartment: adductor muscles

      • Adductor longus, brevis, magnus
        • O.pelvis → In.prox femur
        • Aduction of thigh, med rotation, maintenance of posture
      • Pectineus
      • Gracilis

    Leg Muscles

    • Anterior compartment: dorsi flexors of the foot & digits

      • Tibialis anterior
        • O.lat tibia → In.medial foot
        • Dorsi flexion of foot, inversion of foot
      • Extensor hallucis longus
      • Extensor digitorum
      • Peroneus/fibularis tertium
    • Lateral compartment: evertors of the foot

      • Peroneus/fibularis longus
      • Fibularis brevis
    • Posterior compartment: plantar flexors of the foot & digits

      • Gastrocnemius (2 heads: med & lat)
        • O.med & lat epicondyle of femur → In.calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon)
        • Plantar flexion of the foot, flexion of knee
      • Soleus
        • O.prox tibia & head fibula → In.calcaneal tendon
        • Plantar flexion of the foot, flexion of knee

    Gluteal Compartment

    • Piriformis
    • Gemellus inf/sup
    • Obturator intern/extern
    • Quadratus femoris

    Intrinsic Muscles of the Foot

    • Dorsal group
      • Extensor hallucis brevis
      • Extensor digitorum brevis
    • Plantar group (4 layers: flexors of digits)
      • Plantar Aponeurosis: Thickened fascia from calcaneus → 5 toes
        • Longitudinal arch support, protect nerves and vessels

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    Description

    This quiz covers the muscles and compartments of the leg, including the hamstrings, hip extension, knee flexion, and foot dorsiflexors. It also discusses the anterior and lateral compartments of the leg, along with the functions of specific muscles in each compartment.

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