29 Questions
What is the annual incidence of lower gastrointestinal bleeding?
20 to 27 cases per 100,000 population
Which condition presents with sudden onset of left-sided abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea?
Ischemic colitis
What is the most common site for volvulus in the large bowel?
Sigmoid colon
Which condition may lead to bowel infarction in cases of volvulus?
Ischemic colitis
Which of the following is NOT a common etiology of lower gastrointestinal bleeding?
Upper GI bleeding
What is the characteristic symptom of diverticular disease?
Left-sided abdominal pain
What is the percentage of patients with either diverticular disease or colonic angiodysplasia who have recurrent or profuse bleeding?
90%
What is the most common location for colorectal polyps to arise from?
Rectum
Which condition is associated with a mobile cecum folding cephalad on a fixed ascending colon?
Cecal bascule
What is the primary pathologic process in ulcerative colitis?
Mucosal and submucosal ulceration
What is the most significant factor determining cancer risk in neoplastic mucosal polyps?
Size of the lesion
Which part of the GI tract does Crohn's disease affect?
Entire GI tract
Which condition is characterized by pronounced abdominal distention suggestive of a mechanical large bowel obstruction, in the absence of an obstructing lesion?
Pseudo-obstruction
What is the etiology of diverticular disease of the colon?
Changes in fecal flora
What is the most common type of non-neoplastic mucosal polyps seen in children less than 10 years of age?
Juvenile polyps
Which type of cancer is the second most common malignancy in the United States?
Colorectal cancer
What type of cancer accounts for 2% of large bowel cancers?
Anal cancer
What term is used to describe the downward displacement of the anal cushions, causing dilatation of the contained venules?
Hemorrhoids
Which condition is characterized by an ulcer in the lower portion of the anal canal?
Anal fissure
In which condition does the abscess cavity not heal completely but becomes an inflammatory tract with the primary internal opening in the anal crypt at the dentate line and the secondary opening in the perianal skin?
Fistula-in-Ano
Which type of non-neoplastic mucosal polyps are seen as idiopathic or severe chronic inflammation of any kind?
Inflammatory polyps
What is the most likely cause of pilonidal sinus?
Trauma to the sacrococcygeal area
In which age group is the incidence of pilonidal sinus highest?
Third and fourth decades of life
What is a common associated factor for pilonidal sinus?
Increased sweating
What is the risk of recurrence of pilonidal sinus at 3 years according to some studies?
50%
What is the cause of rectal prolapse?
Chronic straining with constipation or diarrhea
What is the predominance of rectal prolapse in terms of gender?
Female : male ratio of 5 : 1 to 6 : 1
What type of rectal prolapse involves prolapse of rectal mucosa only?
First-degree with an occult prolapse
In which type of rectal prolapse does protrusion occur through the anus for a variable distance?
Third-degree complete prolapse
Test your knowledge about non-neoplastic mucosal polyps, including juvenile polyps, retention polyps, and inflammatory polyps. Learn about their occurrence, associations, and malignant potential.
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