APLN - PARASITOLOGY
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Questions and Answers

The motile, reproducing stage, feeding stage of the Protozoa is which of the following?

  • Cyst
  • Trophozoite (correct)
  • Ova
  • Adult worm
  • Which of the following amebae has chromatoid bodies in the cyst stage?

  • Endolimax
  • Iodamoeba
  • Dientamoeba
  • Entamoeba (correct)
  • Amebiasis is caused by:

  • I. bustchlii
  • E. polecki
  • E. histolytica (correct)
  • E. coli
  • Which of the following organs of the body is most often involved in extrainstestinal amebiasis?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is characteristic of true amebae?

    <p>AOTA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a true amoeba?

    <p>E. hartmanni</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Amebae that inhabits the gastrointestinal tract of man are nonmotile , nonfeeding, and infective during which stage?

    <p>Cyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mature cysts of E.polecki have how many nuclei?

    <p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following has cysts with chromatoid bodies that have two pointed ends or that can be round, triangular or oval?

    <p>E. coli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica have the following characteristics:

    <p>AOTA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these trophozoites, when acting as a pathogen, is likely to ingest red blood cells of the host?

    <p>E. histolytica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The point of differentiation between Entamoeba histolytica and E. hartmanni is:

    <p>Size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The mature cyst of Entamoeba histolytica has how many nuclei?

    <p>Four</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Failure to find bacteria in purulent spinal fluid should alert one to find the possibility of an infection with:

    <p>Amebae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Deleted answer A

    <p>delted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which trophozoite is distinguished by the possession of achromatic granules surrounding its karyosomal chromatin?

    <p>I. butschlii</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following would have double-walled, wrinkled cyst form?

    <p>A. castellani</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A cyst that possesses a single nucleus and a large glycogen vacuole that stains deeply with iodine belong to:

    <p>I. butschlii</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Some amebae have spiny, hyaline extensions called:

    <p>Acanthopods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which are the best staining procedures for species of Naegleria and Acanthamoeba?

    <p>B and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Amebae inhabiting the central nervous system enter the body through the:

    <p>Nasal mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which specimen are Acanthamoeba and naegleria usually found?

    <p>Cerebrospinal fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Naegleria has which of the following characteristics?

    <p>AOTA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The trophozoite whose karyosomal chromatin appears as a rosette of 4-6 granules is identified as:

    <p>N. fowleri</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are often mistaken for cysts of amebae?

    <p>Blastocystis homisnis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Intestinal flagellates are usually which shape in the trophozoite stage?

    <p>Pear-shaped</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is pathognomic for G.lamblia and the stage it is found in?

    <p>Ventral sucking disk-trophozoite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following protozoa have an undulating membrane?

    <p>A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Infections with D. fragilis can show which of the following symptoms?

    <p>AOTA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does D.fragilis have in common with T. vaginallis?

    <p>Neither has a cyst form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which flagellate can be a pathogen of the small intestine?

    <p>Giardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Deleted answer MABY

    <p>maby</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intestinal flagellate trophozoite has a sucking disc, 2 nuclei, 8 flagella, and an axostyle?

    <p>G. lamblia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Red and white blood cells in stool specimens are characteristics of:

    <p>Bacillary dysentery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A pear-shaped flagellates with jerky motility that is found in a urine specimen is identified as:

    <p>T. vaginalis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Eighty percent of the trophozoites of D. fragilis have:

    <p>2 nuclei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The only bilaterally symmetrical protozoan is

    <p>Giardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the intracellular form of blood and tissue flagellates?

    <p>Leishmanial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the cause of African sleeping sickness?

    <p>Trypanosoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the vector of african sleeping sickness

    <p>Tsetse fly (Glossina)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species of Trypanosoma is the cause of Chagas disease?

    <p>Cruzi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is characteristic of the trypanosome form of Trypanosoma cruzi?

    <p>AOTA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which specimen would be suitable for a demonstration of the trypanosomes of sleeping sickness?

    <p>AOTA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The extracellular form of Trypanosoma is a slender organism characterized by an undulating membrane and a free flagellum that arises:

    <p>Posteriorly from the kintoplast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is found within the reticuloendothelial cells?

    <p>AOTA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Trypanosoma cruzi transmitted?

    <p>Bite of reduviid bug</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A chagoma is a lesion seen in infections with:

    <p>Trypanosoma cruzi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of organism is the cause of kala-azar?

    <p>L. donovani</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the laboratory diagnosis of L. donovani, which is the preferred specimen in which to a find Leihman Donovan bodies?

    <p>Bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of t he following is the only ciliate that is pathogenic in humans

    <p>B. coli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A very large cyst whose double wall encloses a ciliated organism with one visible nuclei would be:

    <p>Acquired by accident by man, since it customarily infects swine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures are used for motility of Balantidium coli?

    <p>Cilia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nucleus in the trophozoite of Balantidium coli is the reproductive one?

    <p>Micronucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Conjugation of trophozoite of Balantidium coli never occurs between:

    <p>Same size organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The definitive host (vector) to Plasmodium is the:

    <p>Female anopheles mosquito</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the malarial organisms presents as pale, very ameboid ring trophozoites, infecting a large pale red blood cell with dots of hemoglobin?

    <p>P. vivax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the malarial organisms preferentially invades reticulocytes?

    <p>P. vivax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The malarial organisms whose schizont resembles a "fruit pie" in which the merozoite form a rosette around around the malarial pigment is:

    <p>P. malariae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which malarial organism characteristically has a band form trophozoite stretching across the red blood cells?

    <p>P. malariae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The gametocyte of Plasmodium falciparum can be differentiated from that of other malarial species by:

    <p>Shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of malaria can Ziemann's stippling be found?

    <p>Malariae malaria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of malaria can Maurer's dots be found?

    <p>Falciparum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which malarial organism features ring trophozoites that have double chromatin dots, applique forms and often have multiple parasites in the infected red blood cells?

    <p>P. falciparum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which malarial organism has large, coarse, red dots within a large, pale red blood cell with fimbriated edges?

    <p>P. ovale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The sexual reproduction cycle in Plasmodium and Coccidia is referred to as:

    <p>Sporogony</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the infective stage of the malarial parasite to the vector?

    <p>Gametocyte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the infective stage of the malarial parasite to humans?

    <p>Sporozoites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of malaria is there synchronized rupture of the red blood cells every 72 hours?

    <p>Malariae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In falciparum malaria, there may be a sudden massive intravascular hemolysis producing hemoglobinuria. This is called:

    <p>Blackwater fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hemoglobin is incompatible with malaria parasite survival?

    <p>Hb-SS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the laboratory test that allows laboratory-bred reduviid bugs to feed on patients suspected of having Chagas' disease?

    <p>Xenodiagnosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Humans are infected with Babesia by:

    <p>A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If immature oocysts of Isospora belli are found in stool specimens from infected humans, what should be done with the specimen for identification?

    <p>Leave at room temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stage of Isospora is infective to humans?

    <p>Oocysts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Isospora belli immature oocysts contain/s:

    <p>Sporoblast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Infective oocysts of Isospora belli contain:

    <p>Sporozoites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The demonstration of retinochoroiditis and cerebral calcifications in a newborn would result in which of these laboratory requests?

    <p>Titer of toxoplasma antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is both the definitive and intermediate host of Toxoplasma gondii?

    <p>Cat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appearance of Toxoplasma gondii in tissue fluids of man?

    <p>Crescent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What constitute a positive result in the Sabin-Feldman dye test?

    <p>Toxoplasma loses its affinity for methylene blue dye</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following tests is used for the detection of Cryptosporidium?

    <p>Sheather's sugar flotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following parasites poses a particular hazard for immunodeficient or immunosuppressed individuals?

    <p>AOTA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the folllowing parasites is associated with AIDS:

    <p>Cryptosporidium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which operculated ovum contains a miracidium and can appear in sputum, often accompanied by blood and Charcot-Leyden crystals?

    <p>Paragonimus westermani</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the schistosome eggs may be recovered in rectal biopsy?

    <p>B and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    86 deleted answer RMT

    <p>RMT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The scientific name of the head of a tapeworm is:

    <p>Scolex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following worms have an oral and ventral shaped sucker in the adult stage?

    <p>Trematodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are hermaphroditic?

    <p>A and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the first intermediate host of the flukes

    <p>Snail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    91 deleted answer Ako ay magiging RMT

    <p>AKO ay magiging RMT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The common names for the schistosomes is :

    <p>Blood flukes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    93 deleted MARCH 2024 RMT ka ni Lord answer A

    <p>RMT 2024</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common name for Clonorchis sinensis?

    <p>Chinese liver fluke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is schistosomule?

    <p>Cercariae minus tail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The beef tapeworm is the common name for:

    <p>T. saginata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tapeworm proglottid makes its way across the fecal specimen by doubling movements, and is seen under the microscope to have numerous regular uterine branches (more than 15) resembling those of a tree?

    <p>T. saginata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following has an unarmed scolex?

    <p>Beef tapeworm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species of Taenia has 7 to 12 uterine branches?

    <p>T. solium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A hexacanth embryo enclosed in a radially striated shell belongs to the genus:

    <p>Taenia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tapeworm infection has to be treated with great care so that man does not acquire the larval infection?

    <p>Taeniasis solium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A bile stained egg that is 75 microns at its greatest diameter and contains a hexacanth embryo that lacks polar knobs or filaments is that of:

    <p>H. dimunata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The "dwarf" tapeworm is another name for:

    <p>H.nana</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The eggs of Echinococcus granulosus are found in feces of:

    <p>Dogs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is found in the intermediate host of Echinococcus granulosus?

    <p>Hydatid cyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hydatid cyst infection of man is due to the larva of the tapeworm:

    <p>E. granulosus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The first intermediate host of diphyllobothrium latum is:

    <p>Copepod</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The second intermediate host of diphyllobothrium latum is:

    <p>Freshwater fish</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the infective stage of the broad fish tapeworm to humans?

    <p>Plerocercoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The eggs of this tapeworm are developed and have an operculum at one end and a small abopercular knob at the other end. The tapeworm is:

    <p>D. latum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In some individuals, particularly those of Scandinavian extraction, this worm can cause megaloblastic anemia

    <p>D. latum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following worms have separate sexes?

    <p>Blood flukes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The male roundworm is differentiated from the female roundworm by its:

    <p>Dorsally curved posterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The best way to demonstrate a pinworm infection is by which of the following techniques?

    <p>Cellophane tape preparation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The gravid female of Enterobius vermicularis deposits her embryonated eggs:

    <p>On the perianal skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Eggs that average 60 microns in length, are oval with one flattened side, and contain a motile larva, are those of:

    <p>E. vermicularis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Eggs that are bile-stained and have clear polar plugs belong to the:

    <p>Whipworm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nematodes does NOT have a free-living stage?

    <p>E. vermicularis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of the trichuris trichiura is infective to humans?

    <p>Embryonated egg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the larva of ascaris lumbricoides go after it hatches in the small intestine?

    <p>Migrates through the blood, liver, lungs, pharynx and then back to the small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If an Ascaris egg lacks its bile-stained mammillated coat, we refer to the egg as:

    <p>Decorticated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Trichuris trichiura, hookworm and ___ form the "unholy three" of roundworms.

    <p>A. lumbricoides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the first stage larva of intestinal nematodes?

    <p>Rhabditiform larva</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organisms cause infections where the larvae migrate into the lymphatics and blood, lung alveoli, bronchiolus, pharynx, and then the small intestines?

    <p>AOTA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is characteristic of the eggs of hookworms?

    <p>AOTA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The helminth that induces a hypochromic microcytic anemia in its host is the:

    <p>Hookworm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The rhabditiform larva of the hookworm has a:

    <p>Long buccal cavity equal to the width of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following larval worms enters the host by penetration of the skin?

    <p>AOTA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A roundworm that inhibits the small intestine and usually is demonstrated as rhabditiform larvae in the fecal specimen is the:

    <p>Threadworm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Muscle biopsy is a diagnostic technique employed to detect:

    <p>Trichinosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following roundworms give birth to her young?

    <p>AOTA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A viviparous female nematode:

    <p>Produces living larvae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    One of the differential characteristics of the microfilariae is the presence or absence of:

    <p>A sheath</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Adults of filarial worms live in:

    <p>Lymphatics and subcutaneous tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    One of the pathological findings in infestationsof Wuchereria is:

    <p>Elephantiasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The intermediate host of the guinea worm is the

    <p>Copepod</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dirofilaria immitis is the:

    <p>Dog heartworm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dracunulus infection and cause ulcers that:

    <p>On contact with water , release larvae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following microfilariae does NOT have a sheath?

    <p>Mansonella</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the eye worm?

    <p>Loa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cutaneous larva migrans or creeping eruption is caused by:

    <p>Filariform of larvae of dog hookworm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following causes a chronic cough, pulmonary and artery obstruction but no invasion of the heart in humans?

    <p>Dirofilaria immitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is caused by the ingestion of snails by humans?

    <p>Rat lungworm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cercarial dermatitis, commonly known as swimmer's itch, is caused by:

    <p>Cercariae of schistosomulle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the scientific name of the body of a tapeworm?

    <p>Strobila</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The gravid segments of a tapeworm are filled with:

    <p>Eggs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A six-hooked embryo is known as:

    <p>Hexacanth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Ground itch" occurs in infections of hookworm at the:

    <p>Site of larval penetration of the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Direct examination of stool specimens stained with iodine make the trophozoite of the Protozoa stain what color?

    <p>Trophozoites are destroyed by iodine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color does the cytoplasm of protozoan cysts stain an iodine wet stool preparation?

    <p>Yellow-brown</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color do chromatoid bodies of protozoan cysts stain in an iodine wet stool preparation?

    <p>Do not stain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of the sedimentation method of concentrating stool specimens?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Trophozoite structures of protozoans, when stained with trichrome stain, appear:

    <p>AOTA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When stained with trichrome stain, chromatoid bodies appear what color?

    <p>Bright to red</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The preservative to be employed with the trichrome stain is:

    <p>Polyvinyl alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ideal temperature at which to hold a fecal specimen for more than 1 hour is:

    <p>Refrigerator temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The preferred specific gravity of zinc sulfate solution for the flotation method is:

    <p>1.18</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of blood specimen is preferred for preparing blood smears for protozoa?

    <p>Finger puncture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will happen if blood from a finger stick mixes with alcohol used to clean the area?

    <p>&quot;Fixes&quot; red blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Venipuncture blood is not recommended for:

    <p>Malaria, Babesia, hemoflagellates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To detect stippling, prepare blood films venipuncture within:

    <p>30 minutes to 1 hour after being drawn</p> Signup and view all the answers

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