APLN - PARASITOLOGY

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The motile, reproducing stage, feeding stage of the Protozoa is which of the following?

Trophozoite

Which of the following amebae has chromatoid bodies in the cyst stage?

Entamoeba

Amebiasis is caused by:

E. histolytica

Which of the following organs of the body is most often involved in extrainstestinal amebiasis?

Liver

Which of the following is characteristic of true amebae?

AOTA

Which of the following is a true amoeba?

E. hartmanni

Amebae that inhabits the gastrointestinal tract of man are nonmotile , nonfeeding, and infective during which stage?

Cyst

Mature cysts of E.polecki have how many nuclei?

1

Which of the following has cysts with chromatoid bodies that have two pointed ends or that can be round, triangular or oval?

E. coli

Trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica have the following characteristics:

AOTA

Which of these trophozoites, when acting as a pathogen, is likely to ingest red blood cells of the host?

E. histolytica

The point of differentiation between Entamoeba histolytica and E. hartmanni is:

Size

The mature cyst of Entamoeba histolytica has how many nuclei?

Four

Failure to find bacteria in purulent spinal fluid should alert one to find the possibility of an infection with:

Amebae

Deleted answer A

delted

Which trophozoite is distinguished by the possession of achromatic granules surrounding its karyosomal chromatin?

I. butschlii

Which of the following would have double-walled, wrinkled cyst form?

A. castellani

A cyst that possesses a single nucleus and a large glycogen vacuole that stains deeply with iodine belong to:

I. butschlii

Some amebae have spiny, hyaline extensions called:

Acanthopods

Which are the best staining procedures for species of Naegleria and Acanthamoeba?

B and C

Amebae inhabiting the central nervous system enter the body through the:

Nasal mucosa

In which specimen are Acanthamoeba and naegleria usually found?

Cerebrospinal fluid

Naegleria has which of the following characteristics?

AOTA

The trophozoite whose karyosomal chromatin appears as a rosette of 4-6 granules is identified as:

N. fowleri

Which of the following are often mistaken for cysts of amebae?

Blastocystis homisnis

Intestinal flagellates are usually which shape in the trophozoite stage?

Pear-shaped

Which of the following is pathognomic for G.lamblia and the stage it is found in?

Ventral sucking disk-trophozoite

Which of the following protozoa have an undulating membrane?

A and B

Infections with D. fragilis can show which of the following symptoms?

AOTA

What does D.fragilis have in common with T. vaginallis?

Neither has a cyst form

Which flagellate can be a pathogen of the small intestine?

Giardia

Deleted answer MABY

maby

Which intestinal flagellate trophozoite has a sucking disc, 2 nuclei, 8 flagella, and an axostyle?

G. lamblia

Red and white blood cells in stool specimens are characteristics of:

Bacillary dysentery

A pear-shaped flagellates with jerky motility that is found in a urine specimen is identified as:

T. vaginalis

Eighty percent of the trophozoites of D. fragilis have:

2 nuclei

The only bilaterally symmetrical protozoan is

Giardia

Which of the following is the intracellular form of blood and tissue flagellates?

Leishmanial

Which of the following is the cause of African sleeping sickness?

Trypanosoma

Which of the following is the vector of african sleeping sickness

Tsetse fly (Glossina)

Which species of Trypanosoma is the cause of Chagas disease?

Cruzi

Which of the following is characteristic of the trypanosome form of Trypanosoma cruzi?

AOTA

Which specimen would be suitable for a demonstration of the trypanosomes of sleeping sickness?

AOTA

The extracellular form of Trypanosoma is a slender organism characterized by an undulating membrane and a free flagellum that arises:

Posteriorly from the kintoplast

Which of the following is found within the reticuloendothelial cells?

AOTA

How is Trypanosoma cruzi transmitted?

Bite of reduviid bug

A chagoma is a lesion seen in infections with:

Trypanosoma cruzi

Which of organism is the cause of kala-azar?

L. donovani

In the laboratory diagnosis of L. donovani, which is the preferred specimen in which to a find Leihman Donovan bodies?

Bone marrow

Which of t he following is the only ciliate that is pathogenic in humans

B. coli

A very large cyst whose double wall encloses a ciliated organism with one visible nuclei would be:

Acquired by accident by man, since it customarily infects swine

Which of the following structures are used for motility of Balantidium coli?

Cilia

Which nucleus in the trophozoite of Balantidium coli is the reproductive one?

Micronucleus

Conjugation of trophozoite of Balantidium coli never occurs between:

Same size organisms

The definitive host (vector) to Plasmodium is the:

Female anopheles mosquito

Which of the malarial organisms presents as pale, very ameboid ring trophozoites, infecting a large pale red blood cell with dots of hemoglobin?

P. vivax

Which of the malarial organisms preferentially invades reticulocytes?

P. vivax

The malarial organisms whose schizont resembles a "fruit pie" in which the merozoite form a rosette around around the malarial pigment is:

P. malariae

Which malarial organism characteristically has a band form trophozoite stretching across the red blood cells?

P. malariae

The gametocyte of Plasmodium falciparum can be differentiated from that of other malarial species by:

Shape

In which type of malaria can Ziemann's stippling be found?

Malariae malaria

In which type of malaria can Maurer's dots be found?

Falciparum

Which malarial organism features ring trophozoites that have double chromatin dots, applique forms and often have multiple parasites in the infected red blood cells?

P. falciparum

Which malarial organism has large, coarse, red dots within a large, pale red blood cell with fimbriated edges?

P. ovale

The sexual reproduction cycle in Plasmodium and Coccidia is referred to as:

Sporogony

What is the infective stage of the malarial parasite to the vector?

Gametocyte

What is the infective stage of the malarial parasite to humans?

Sporozoites

In which type of malaria is there synchronized rupture of the red blood cells every 72 hours?

Malariae

In falciparum malaria, there may be a sudden massive intravascular hemolysis producing hemoglobinuria. This is called:

Blackwater fever

Which hemoglobin is incompatible with malaria parasite survival?

Hb-SS

What is the name of the laboratory test that allows laboratory-bred reduviid bugs to feed on patients suspected of having Chagas' disease?

Xenodiagnosis

Humans are infected with Babesia by:

A and B

If immature oocysts of Isospora belli are found in stool specimens from infected humans, what should be done with the specimen for identification?

Leave at room temperature

What stage of Isospora is infective to humans?

Oocysts

Isospora belli immature oocysts contain/s:

Sporoblast

Infective oocysts of Isospora belli contain:

Sporozoites

The demonstration of retinochoroiditis and cerebral calcifications in a newborn would result in which of these laboratory requests?

Titer of toxoplasma antibodies

What is both the definitive and intermediate host of Toxoplasma gondii?

Cat

What is the appearance of Toxoplasma gondii in tissue fluids of man?

Crescent

What constitute a positive result in the Sabin-Feldman dye test?

Toxoplasma loses its affinity for methylene blue dye

Which of the following tests is used for the detection of Cryptosporidium?

Sheather's sugar flotation

Which of the following parasites poses a particular hazard for immunodeficient or immunosuppressed individuals?

AOTA

Which of the folllowing parasites is associated with AIDS:

Cryptosporidium

Which operculated ovum contains a miracidium and can appear in sputum, often accompanied by blood and Charcot-Leyden crystals?

Paragonimus westermani

Which of the schistosome eggs may be recovered in rectal biopsy?

B and C

86 deleted answer RMT

RMT

The scientific name of the head of a tapeworm is:

Scolex

Which of the following worms have an oral and ventral shaped sucker in the adult stage?

Trematodes

Which of the following are hermaphroditic?

A and C

Which of the following is the first intermediate host of the flukes

Snail

91 deleted answer Ako ay magiging RMT

AKO ay magiging RMT

The common names for the schistosomes is :

Blood flukes

93 deleted MARCH 2024 RMT ka ni Lord answer A

RMT 2024

What is the common name for Clonorchis sinensis?

Chinese liver fluke

What is schistosomule?

Cercariae minus tail

The beef tapeworm is the common name for:

T. saginata

Which tapeworm proglottid makes its way across the fecal specimen by doubling movements, and is seen under the microscope to have numerous regular uterine branches (more than 15) resembling those of a tree?

T. saginata

Which of the following has an unarmed scolex?

Beef tapeworm

Which species of Taenia has 7 to 12 uterine branches?

T. solium

A hexacanth embryo enclosed in a radially striated shell belongs to the genus:

Taenia

Which tapeworm infection has to be treated with great care so that man does not acquire the larval infection?

Taeniasis solium

A bile stained egg that is 75 microns at its greatest diameter and contains a hexacanth embryo that lacks polar knobs or filaments is that of:

H. dimunata

The "dwarf" tapeworm is another name for:

H.nana

The eggs of Echinococcus granulosus are found in feces of:

Dogs

Which of the following is found in the intermediate host of Echinococcus granulosus?

Hydatid cyst

Hydatid cyst infection of man is due to the larva of the tapeworm:

E. granulosus

The first intermediate host of diphyllobothrium latum is:

Copepod

The second intermediate host of diphyllobothrium latum is:

Freshwater fish

What is the infective stage of the broad fish tapeworm to humans?

Plerocercoid

The eggs of this tapeworm are developed and have an operculum at one end and a small abopercular knob at the other end. The tapeworm is:

D. latum

In some individuals, particularly those of Scandinavian extraction, this worm can cause megaloblastic anemia

D. latum

Which of the following worms have separate sexes?

Blood flukes

The male roundworm is differentiated from the female roundworm by its:

Dorsally curved posterior

The best way to demonstrate a pinworm infection is by which of the following techniques?

Cellophane tape preparation

The gravid female of Enterobius vermicularis deposits her embryonated eggs:

On the perianal skin

Eggs that average 60 microns in length, are oval with one flattened side, and contain a motile larva, are those of:

E. vermicularis

Eggs that are bile-stained and have clear polar plugs belong to the:

Whipworm

Which of the following nematodes does NOT have a free-living stage?

E. vermicularis

Which stage of the trichuris trichiura is infective to humans?

Embryonated egg

Where does the larva of ascaris lumbricoides go after it hatches in the small intestine?

Migrates through the blood, liver, lungs, pharynx and then back to the small intestine

If an Ascaris egg lacks its bile-stained mammillated coat, we refer to the egg as:

Decorticated

Trichuris trichiura, hookworm and ___ form the "unholy three" of roundworms.

A. lumbricoides

Which of the following is the first stage larva of intestinal nematodes?

Rhabditiform larva

Which of the following organisms cause infections where the larvae migrate into the lymphatics and blood, lung alveoli, bronchiolus, pharynx, and then the small intestines?

AOTA

Which of the following is characteristic of the eggs of hookworms?

AOTA

The helminth that induces a hypochromic microcytic anemia in its host is the:

Hookworm

The rhabditiform larva of the hookworm has a:

Long buccal cavity equal to the width of the body

Which of the following larval worms enters the host by penetration of the skin?

AOTA

A roundworm that inhibits the small intestine and usually is demonstrated as rhabditiform larvae in the fecal specimen is the:

Threadworm

Muscle biopsy is a diagnostic technique employed to detect:

Trichinosis

Which of the following roundworms give birth to her young?

AOTA

A viviparous female nematode:

Produces living larvae

One of the differential characteristics of the microfilariae is the presence or absence of:

A sheath

Adults of filarial worms live in:

Lymphatics and subcutaneous tissue

One of the pathological findings in infestationsof Wuchereria is:

Elephantiasis

The intermediate host of the guinea worm is the

Copepod

Dirofilaria immitis is the:

Dog heartworm

Dracunulus infection and cause ulcers that:

On contact with water , release larvae

Which of the following microfilariae does NOT have a sheath?

Mansonella

Which of the following is the eye worm?

Loa

Cutaneous larva migrans or creeping eruption is caused by:

Filariform of larvae of dog hookworm

Which of the following causes a chronic cough, pulmonary and artery obstruction but no invasion of the heart in humans?

Dirofilaria immitis

Which of the following is caused by the ingestion of snails by humans?

Rat lungworm

Cercarial dermatitis, commonly known as swimmer's itch, is caused by:

Cercariae of schistosomulle

What is the scientific name of the body of a tapeworm?

Strobila

The gravid segments of a tapeworm are filled with:

Eggs

A six-hooked embryo is known as:

Hexacanth

"Ground itch" occurs in infections of hookworm at the:

Site of larval penetration of the skin

Direct examination of stool specimens stained with iodine make the trophozoite of the Protozoa stain what color?

Trophozoites are destroyed by iodine

What color does the cytoplasm of protozoan cysts stain an iodine wet stool preparation?

Yellow-brown

What color do chromatoid bodies of protozoan cysts stain in an iodine wet stool preparation?

Do not stain

What is the advantage of the sedimentation method of concentrating stool specimens?

All of the above

Trophozoite structures of protozoans, when stained with trichrome stain, appear:

AOTA

When stained with trichrome stain, chromatoid bodies appear what color?

Bright to red

The preservative to be employed with the trichrome stain is:

Polyvinyl alcohol

The ideal temperature at which to hold a fecal specimen for more than 1 hour is:

Refrigerator temperature

The preferred specific gravity of zinc sulfate solution for the flotation method is:

1.18

What type of blood specimen is preferred for preparing blood smears for protozoa?

Finger puncture

What will happen if blood from a finger stick mixes with alcohol used to clean the area?

"Fixes" red blood cells

Venipuncture blood is not recommended for:

Malaria, Babesia, hemoflagellates

To detect stippling, prepare blood films venipuncture within:

30 minutes to 1 hour after being drawn

Test your knowledge on Protozoa, amebae, and amebiasis with this quiz. Identify different stages of Protozoa, characteristics of true amebae, and causes of amebiasis.

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