10 Questions
What is the primary clinical manifestation of intestinal amebiasis?
Abdominal pain and cramping
Which of the following is a characteristic of severe intestinal amebiasis?
Bloody stools
Where are trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica primarily found?
In the large intestine crypts
Which organ is primarily involved in extraintestinal amebiasis?
Liver
Where are some free-living amebae present, which can be opportunistic human pathogens?
Soil and warm freshwater ponds or swimming pools
Which protozoa infection has the highest incidence in tropical and subtropical regions with poor sanitation and contaminated water?
Entamoeba histolytica
What is the average prevalence of infection for Entamoeba histolytica in tropical and subtropical regions with poor sanitation and contaminated water?
10% to 15%
Which medication is used to treat acute, fulminating amebiasis caused by Entamoeba histolytica?
Metronidazole
How is infection with Giardia lamblia initiated?
Ingestion of cysts
What method may limit the spread of enteric protozoal infections such as Giardia lamblia in developing countries?
Chlorination and filtration of water supplies
Study Notes
Intestinal Amebiasis
- Primary clinical manifestation: Diarrhea or dysentery
- Characteristic of severe intestinal amebiasis: Presence of blood and mucus in stool
Entamoeba histolytica
- Trophozoites primarily found: In the large intestine, particularly in the cecum and ascending colon
- Primary organ involved in extraintestinal amebiasis: Liver
Free-Living Amebae
- Found in: Freshwater environments, such as ponds, lakes, and rivers
- Examples of opportunistic human pathogens: Acanthamoeba, Naegleria, and Balamuthia
Epidemiology
- Protozoa infection with the highest incidence in tropical and subtropical regions with poor sanitation and contaminated water: Amebiasis
- Average prevalence of infection for Entamoeba histolytica in these regions: 10%
Treatment
- Medication used to treat acute, fulminating amebiasis caused by Entamoeba histolytica: Metronidazole
Giardia lamblia
- Infection initiation: Ingestion of contaminated food or water containing cysts
- Method to limit the spread of enteric protozoal infections in developing countries: Improving sanitation and providing access to clean water
Test your knowledge about intestinal and urogenital protozoa, with a focus on amebae including their characteristics, pathogenicity, and impact on human health.
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