MSc Pharmacology: Anti-inflammatory Drugs Lecture 1
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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of inflammation in the body?

  • To activate T lymphocytes
  • To maintain joint destruction
  • To produce proinflammatory cytokines
  • To inactivate or destroy invading organisms (correct)

    • Which cells initiate an inflammatory attack in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

  • White blood cells (WBCs) (correct)
  • T lymphocytes
  • Monocytes and macrophages
  • B lymphocytes

    • What do T lymphocytes recruit and activate during an inflammatory attack in RA?

  • Proinflammatory cytokines
  • Monocytes and macrophages (correct)
  • Rheumatoid factor and autoantibodies
  • B lymphocytes

    • Which substances are secreted by monocytes and macrophages during inflammation in RA?

    <p>Proinflammatory cytokines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of pharmacotherapy for RA?

    <p>Reducing inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of prostaglandins in the body?

    <p>Unsaturated fatty acid derivatives with a cyclic ring structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for the physiologic production of prostanoids?

    <p>Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary precursor of the prostaglandins and related compounds?

    <p>Arachidonic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pathway leads to the synthesis of all eicosanoids with ring structures?

    <p>Cyclooxygenase pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) constitutively expressed?

    <p>Brain, kidney, and bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary functions of prostaglandins in the body?

    <p>Control physiological functions and released in allergic and inflammatory processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) act?

    <p>By inhibiting the cyclooxygenase enzymes that catalyze the first step in prostanoid biosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which site is Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression increased during states of inflammation?

    <p>Other sites apart from brain, kidney, and bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)?

    <p>Anti-inflammatory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of intradermal, intravenous, or intra-arterial injections of small amounts of prostaglandins?

    <p>Mimic many components of inflammation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shared therapeutic action of all non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)?

    <p>Inhibition of cyclooxygenase enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of inflammation in the body?

    <p>To set the stage for tissue repair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells are involved in initiating an inflammatory attack in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

    <p>White blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What substances are secreted by monocytes and macrophages during inflammation in RA?

    <p>Cytokines TNF-α and IL-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of pharmacotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

    <p>Halting or slowing disease progression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of prostaglandins in the body?

    <p>Reduce pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for the physiologic production of prostaglandins and related compounds?

    <p>Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary precursor of the prostaglandins and related compounds?

    <p>Arachidonic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for the physiologic production of prostanoids?

    <p>Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) constitutively expressed?

    <p>Brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of intradermal, intravenous, or intra-arterial injections of small amounts of prostaglandins?

    <p>Mimic many components of inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pathway leads to the synthesis of all eicosanoids with ring structures?

    <p>Cyclooxygenase pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shared therapeutic action of all non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)?

    <p>Anti-inflammatory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of inflammation in the body?

    <p>To protect the body from infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of prostaglandins in the body?

    <p>Control many physiological functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which site is Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression increased during states of inflammation?

    <p>Other than brain, kidney, and bone tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What substances are secreted by monocytes and macrophages during inflammation in RA?

    <p>Interferon-gamma and Tumor necrosis factor-alpha</p> Signup and view all the answers

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