MRM Transformer Locations Overview

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Questions and Answers

Which company was established in 1980 according to the timeline?

MR do Brasil Ind.Mec.Ltda. (MRB)

What is the founding year of Reinhausen Manufacturing Inc. (RM)?

1989

Identify the company with the highest founding year listed in the document.

Hans von Mangoldt GmbH (HVMAC)

Which two companies were established in 2009?

Reinhausen Luxembourg S.A. (RLU) and Reinhausen Power Composites GmbH (RPC) Signup and view all the answers

List all companies founded in 2006.

Reinhausen Middle East FZE (RME FZE) and Reinhausen (Thailand) Ltd. (RTH) Signup and view all the answers

What is the founding year of Reinhausen Australia Pty. Ltd. (RA)?

1987 Signup and view all the answers

Name the company founded in 1993.

Reinhausen Italia S.r.l. (RI) Signup and view all the answers

How many total companies are listed as being founded in the 2016 timeframe?

Four Signup and view all the answers

What factors contribute to the inefficiency of real transformers?

Inefficiencies in real transformers are due to resistances in the windings, parasitic capacitances, eddy currents, magnetic reversal losses in the iron core, and scattering of magnetic flux. Signup and view all the answers

How is the efficiency of a transformer calculated?

Efficiency is calculated as the ratio of power output on the secondary side to power input on the primary side, expressed in percentage. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the winding turn numbers in a transformer?

The winding turn numbers determine the ratio of input and output voltage in a transformer. Signup and view all the answers

Why can a transformer's efficiency never reach 100%?

A transformer's efficiency can never reach 100% due to inherent losses, such as iron and copper losses. Signup and view all the answers

What materials are commonly used for a magnetic core in transformers?

Common materials for a magnetic core include ferromagnetic metals like iron and ferrimagnetic compounds such as ferrites. Signup and view all the answers

What role does the magnetic permeability of the core material play in a transformer?

The magnetic permeability of the core material allows for the concentration and guidance of magnetic field lines. Signup and view all the answers

Identify one type of loss that occurs in a transformer and explain its effect.

Eddy currents are a type of loss in transformers that cause energy wastage through localized heating in the core material. Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical efficiency range for small and miniature transformers?

Small transformers typically have an efficiency of around 80%, while miniature transformers have about 50% efficiency. Signup and view all the answers

What are Multiple Winding Transformers and how do they differ from ordinary transformers?

Multiple Winding Transformers have two or more primary or secondary windings, allowing for various voltage and current combinations, unlike ordinary transformers that typically have one primary and one secondary winding. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the role of insulating paper within a transformer.

Insulating paper is used as a barrier between windings and conductors to prevent electrical contact, ensure insulation integrity, and maintain required electrical clearances. Signup and view all the answers

What is the dot convention in Multiple Winding Transformers?

The dot convention indicates the positive or negative polarity of each coil winding, helping to connect windings correctly. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the function of interlayer insulation in transformer windings.

Interlayer insulation separates different layers of conductors within a winding, providing electrical insulation and preventing short circuits between adjacent layers. Signup and view all the answers

How do voltages and currents in a Multiple Winding Transformer compare to those in a traditional transformer?

In a Multiple Winding Transformer, voltages and currents are still calculated using the same formulas as in ordinary transformers but need careful management due to multiple windings. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of each winding's position in a Multiple Winding Transformer?

Each winding's position affects the voltage and current outputs as well as the transformer's phase relationships, making position a key factor in design. Signup and view all the answers

Identify the main purpose of insulating barriers in transformers.

Insulating barriers prevent electrical contact between different windings or sections, ensuring safe and reliable operation of the transformer. Signup and view all the answers

In what ways can Multiple Winding Transformers be beneficial in electrical systems?

They allow for the provision of multiple voltage levels and outputs, catering to diverse electrical needs while optimizing efficiency. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using a diverter switch in a transformer tap changer system?

It allows for compact and space-saving designs. Signup and view all the answers

How does an on-load tap changer function similarly to a car's automatic transmission?

It adjusts transformer windings to maintain constant voltage during varying load conditions, like a car shifting gears on inclines. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of OILTAP® design, what are the consequences of high temperatures on transformer oil?

High temperatures can decompose oil into gas and soot, creating conductive residues. Signup and view all the answers

Identify one key maintenance requirement for OILTAP® systems compared to others.

OILTAP® requires oil changes at shorter intervals due to thermal decomposition. Signup and view all the answers

What operation principle does the existing tap changer work on during high electricity consumption?

It switches to the next suitable transformer winding to maintain voltage levels. Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant drawback of the insulation method used in OILTAP® systems?

The decomposition of oil can create conductive residues that pose risks. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the main operational advantage of a tap changer utilizing make-before-break switching.

It allows for high-speed operations by ensuring no interruption in the circuit. Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason why majority of tap changers worldwide use ohmic transition resistors?

They enable smoother voltage transitions and reduce wear during operation. Signup and view all the answers

What should be inspected before accepting a transformer shipment?

Electrical tests and a complete drawing of the coils and regulator. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to perform electrical tests on transformers before installation?

To verify the unit's proper manufacturing and ensure good working order. Signup and view all the answers

What information can be found on a transformer nameplate?

Rating, impedance, primary and secondary voltage, manufacturer, and serial number. Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential design consideration for transformers above 500 MVA?

They often deviate from the optimum iron/copper ratio of 2/1 due to transportability. Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum weight limit for transformers transported using Schnabel cars?

Up to 500 tons. Signup and view all the answers

What measures should be taken for a transformer's transport profile?

Dismantling feedthroughs, enclosing components, and possibly lowering the oil level. Signup and view all the answers

What gases might be used to fill the transformer vessel for transport?

Dry air or nitrogen. Signup and view all the answers

Why is the trend of global transportation of goods on the rise?

Due to increasing demand for efficient logistics and connectivity. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

MRM Transformer Locations and Data

MR do Brasil Ind.Mec.Ltda.(MRB): Established July 1980, became active in 2006 and continues into 2016
Reinhausen Middle East FZE (RME FZE): Established September 2006, had 0 activity level in 2016
Reinhausen (Thailand) Ltd.(RTH): Established April 2006, active in 2016
Reinhausen Australia Pty.Ltd.(RA): Established October 1987, active in 2006, 2009, and 2016
Reinhausen Korea Ltd.(RKR): Established January 2009, recorded 2 activity levels in 2016
Reinhausen España S.L.(RES): Established April 2016, active in 2016
Reinhausen Manufacturing Inc.(RM): Established December 1989, active in both 2009 and 2016
Reinhausen Power Composites GmbH (RPC): Founded August 2009, no activity level listed
Reinhausen Enerji Çözümleri Anonim Şirketi (RTR): Established October 2016, active in 2016
Reinhausen Italia S.r.l.(RI): Established November 1993, active in both 2009 and 2017
Reinhausen Luxembourg S.A.(RLU): Established September 2009, active in 2017
Hans von Mangoldt GmbH (HVMAC): Founded July 2017, active in 2017
Easun-MR Tap Changers (P) Ltd.: Established October, year unknown. Designed to withstand short circuits with more stray flux, larger impedance and higher voltage drop

Transformer Basics

Transformers are not 100% efficient
Losses occur within windings, capacitances, the magnetic flux, iron core, and eddy currents.
The percentage of efficiency is calculated by dividing the power produced by the transformer by the power consumed by the transformer.
Typical transformer efficiency ranges from 99% with higher power ratings to 80% for small transformers down to 50% for miniature transformers.

Transformer Calculations

Transformer component ratios can be calculated with the following formula: V = Voltage in Volt (V) I = Current in Ampere (A) N = Winding turn number
The ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage corresponds to the ratio of winding turn numbers.

Transformer Mechanical Arrangement

A transformer core is primarily comprised of highly magnetic metal materials like iron or ferrites.
The transformer core concentrates magnetic fields by using a magnetic material with high permeability.
Multiple Winding Transformers allow for various voltage and current combinations as they have multiple primary and secondary windings.
Multiple Winding Transformers can have various winding permutations on either side within the primary or secondary windings.

Transformer Mechanical Arrangement Windings

Insulating Paper is layered between windings, sections, conductors and layers within a transformer to prevent electrical contact and short circuits.

Transformer Mechanical Arrangement Tap Changer

On Load Tap Changer Function: Tap changers function in a transformer similarly to an automatic transmission in a car; The tap changer adjusts for voltage fluctuations, just as the automatic transmission shifts gears based on the terrain, thus ensuring consistency in voltage.

Transformer Mechanical Arrangement OILTAP® vs. VACUTAP®

OILTAP® uses transformer oil for insulation, lubrication and cooling. Maintenance is required at shorter intervals due to the need to change the oil.
VACUTAP® uses vacuum for insulation and contact lubrication and cooling. VACUTAP® requires less maintenance because it does not use oil.

Transformer Manufacturing Process

Transformers should be inspected prior to installation and energization for the first time.
The transformer nameplate will contain a complete drawing of the coils and the regulator, as well as the rating, impedance, primary and secondary voltage, phasing, permissible temperature rise, oil type (if used), weight, connection diagrams, manufacturer name, model number/type, and serial number.

Transformer Transportation & Shipping

The size and type of transformer will dictate the mode of transport being utilized.
Transformers with higher power will be transported via a five-leg design to reduce the height of the transport.
Transformers over 500 MVA will deviate from the typical iron/copper ratio of 2/1 to aid in transportation.
The maximum weight limit is a critical factor in transportation. The design of a 1,000 MVA transformer with a 1,000 mm higher active parts would weigh approximately 50 tons less.

Transformer Transportation & Shipping Transport Medium and Max. Weights

Flatbed truck: street/railroad, max. 150t
Schnabel cars with through-loading beam: street/railroad, up to 300t
Schnabel cars: street/railroad, max. 500t
Roll-on/Roll-off: street/water, max. 500t

Transformer Transportation & Shipping Transformer Rigging

Feedthroughs and interfering transport profile components should be disassembled.
Cabinet enclosures are transported in boxes.
Oil levels should be lowered or emptied.
For transportation, dry air or nitrogen should be used to fill the vessels.

Transformer Transportation & Shipping Risks to Goods During Transport

Due to an increase in global transport activity, there's a growing risk associated with the transportation of goods by land, sea, and air.

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Description

Explore the various global locations of MRM Transformers and their activity levels from establishment until 2016. This quiz covers important facts about different branches, including their years of operation and activity status.