Spine

The ability of the nervous system to control and coordinate muscle movement for functional tasks.

The process of acquiring and improving motor skills through practice and experience, leading to lasting changes in movement performance.

The ability to maintain balance and stability during movement, involving sensory, motor, and cognitive processes.

The interaction between the individual, the task they are performing, and the environment in which they are moving.

Analyzing the limitations in movement performance to identify the underlying causes of difficulty.

Tailoring strategies and interventions based on the unique needs of a patient to achieve improved movement performance.

Using sensory, motor, and cognitive strategies to improve balance and control during functional activities.

A theory that describes the stages involved in learning a new skill, from the early, awkward stages to the final, proficient stage.

The force that drives someone to engage in an activity.

Analyzing a task to identify key movements for learning, minimizing errors.

The process of storing and remembering learned movements.

Information that guides learning, motivates progress, and helps understand performance.

The learner focuses on understanding the task, developing strategies, and evaluating their performance. It involves high cognitive activity, like paying close attention and using instructions, feedback, and demonstrations.

The learner has mastered the basics and refines their skills through practice. Variability decreases, and improvement slows down. Verbal instructions become less important as the learner focuses on perfecting the movement pattern.

The skill is performed automatically, requiring minimal cognitive effort. The learner can focus on strategy and multitask. Interference from other tasks is reduced.

Providing clear instructions, feedback, and demonstrations are essential for directing learners' attention and improving their understanding of the task.

Spreading out practice sessions with rest periods helps learners retain information and avoid mental and physical exhaustion, which can lead to errors.

Varying the practice conditions, such as changing the environment or introducing new challenges, helps learners adapt their skills to different situations and improves transfer of learning.

Learners actively participate in practice through repetition and experimentation, which directly influences their learning progress. The more time spent actively practicing, the better the results.

The amount of time dedicated to practice has a direct impact on learning outcomes. More practice time generally leads to better skill acquisition.

The ability of the body to maintain a stable spine while allowing for efficient and powerful movement.

The nervous system, bones, ligaments, and muscles work together to control and stabilize the spine.

Bones and ligaments provide passive support, but are limited in their ability to stabilize the spine.

Muscles are responsible for providing the force to move the spine, control movement, and prevent unwanted movement.

A group of muscles that work together to create a strong structural core, including the abdominals, back muscles, diaphragm, pelvic floor muscles, and hip girdle muscles.

The thoracolumbar fascia is a strong, fibrous layer that connects muscles of the spine to the abdominal wall muscles, helping to stabilize the spine.

Bergmark classified the active system into 'local' muscles that specifically stabilize the spine, and 'global' muscles. that create larger movements.

Spinal stability involves a complex interplay of many muscles, and no single muscle is solely responsible for stability.

Muscles that attach directly to vertebrae, help stabilize spinal segments, and prevent excessive movement.

Muscles that generate force for movement, don't attach directly to vertebrae, and span multiple segments.

Large, powerful muscles that create large movements, attach to multiple joints, and have opposing muscles to create motion.

Muscle fibers that contract slowly and are resistant to fatigue. They primarily make up local stabilizer muscles.

Deep muscle layers responsible for precise movements, including maintaining posture and stabilizing joints.

Muscles that enable smooth, controlled movements, often working against gravity or external forces.

Muscles that contract quickly and generate high force. These are often involved in quick, powerful actions.

Muscles that contract to initiate a movement, often working against gravity or another force.

These are superficial muscles, long in length, with large lever arms. They produce large amounts of torque and gross movements, like running or jumping.

These are deep muscles, shorter in length, focused on subtle control. They help with stability and intersegmental motion for tasks like posture.

The state where your lumbar spine is in a neutral position, allowing muscles to provide optimal stabilizing strength and prevent overload on passive tissues.

This occurs when the lumbar spine is flexed, leading to muscle inhibition, making passive tissues take over. This increases the risk of injury.

A lack of awareness or knowledge about proper posture.

A sedentary lifestyle can contribute to muscle weakness, tightness, and poor core stability.

Conditions like muscle weakness, tightness, and poor core stability can negatively impact your posture.

Ergonomic design of workstations can help prevent postural issues.