Motivational Theories and Maslow's Hierarchy
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Motivational Theories and Maslow's Hierarchy

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Questions and Answers

What is one potential benefit of better-motivated team members?

  • Higher labour turnover
  • Higher management costs
  • Reduced flexibility
  • Increased productivity (correct)

    • What may conflict with the values and attitudes formed in a team?

  • Social expectations
  • Organizational objectives
  • Organizational values (correct)
  • Team goals

    • Why might the introduction of teamworking be costly?

  • It reduces teamwork effectiveness
  • It results in increased management levels
  • It requires training to enhance employee flexibility (correct)
  • It eliminates the need for training

    • Which issue may arise as teams establish themselves?

    <p>Disruption to production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key requirement for teams to ensure they are effective?

    <p>Clear goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the motivational theorist conclude about changes in work conditions and financial rewards?

    <p>They have little or no effect on productivity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which need is the highest level that individuals continuously strive to fulfill?

    <p>Self-Actualisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered a key factor that can improve productivity according to the motivational theorist?

    <p>Management's consultation with workers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following needs is NOT included in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

    <p>Cognitive Needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can informal leaders within a group positively influence?

    <p>The establishment of group targets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following primarily addresses the need for friendship and belonging within Maslow's framework?

    <p>Social Needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which need is directly related to feelings of self-respect and recognition from others?

    <p>Self-Esteem Needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is primarily encompassed in the Physiological Needs according to Maslow?

    <p>Basic requirements such as food, clothing, and shelter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary characteristic of jobs that are enriched?

    <p>They provide workers with a sense of autonomy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Vroom's Expectancy Theory, what significantly affects an employee's motivation?

    <p>Their views regarding the feasibility of task completion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which motivation type is associated with a desire for authority and power?

    <p>Authority/Power Motivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Valence' refer to in the theory discussed?

    <p>The depth of an employee's desire for rewards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do jobs that create chances for personal development typically require?

    <p>High knowledge and skills.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary disadvantage of time-based wage rates?

    <p>They do not incentivize increased output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of Achievement Motivation?

    <p>Strong need to accomplish goals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes jobs requiring responsibility?

    <p>They require a high degree of accountability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is crucial for 'Expectancy' in the theory?

    <p>The belief that effort leads to performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant advantage of piece rate pay systems?

    <p>They motivate workers to increase output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which motivation type involves a strong need for social interaction and relationships?

    <p>Affiliation Motivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of job enrichment, what is meant by a 'meaningful unit of work'?

    <p>Tasks that provide intrinsic satisfaction and value.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a main disadvantage of piece rate pay systems?

    <p>They might compromise the quality of work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Instrumentality' measure in the context of the theory?

    <p>The confidence in receiving desired rewards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situation would time-based wage rates be most appropriate?

    <p>Jobs where performance cannot easily be measured</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Workers in piece rate systems may experience which of the following challenges?

    <p>Heightened stress levels due to output pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a criticism of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

    <p>It does not account for income effects on needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Herzberg's Two Factor Theory, which of the following is considered a hygiene factor?

    <p>Supervision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Herzberg, what leads to job satisfaction?

    <p>Sense of achievement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best reflects Maslow's notion of self-actualization?

    <p>It requires consistent new challenges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does money play according to Maslow's hierarchy?

    <p>It can simultaneously fulfill various levels of needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of motivators in Herzberg's theory?

    <p>They are linked to the intrinsic value of the work.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of Herzberg’s theory, what would a poor company policy represent?

    <p>A hygiene factor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following aspects does NOT belong in the motivators category in Herzberg's theory?

    <p>Supervision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Motivational Theories

    • Liton Mavo identified that changes in working conditions and financial rewards have little to no effect on productivity.
    • Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs suggests that people have similar needs from basic to complex, like physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs, and self-actualisation needs.
    • Self-actualisation is about fulfilling one’s potential.
    • Self-esteem needs include the desire for positive feedback and status.
    • Social needs entail the desire for friendship, love, and belonging.
    • Safety needs consist of the need for security and a safe working environment.
    • Physiological needs are about the basic necessities of life.

    Criticisms of Maslow’s Hierarchy

    • Not everyone has the same needs.
    • It’s difficult to determine what level of needs a worker has fulfilled.
    • Money can satisfy multiple needs.
    • Self-actualisation is not permanently achieved; continuous challenges are required.

    Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory

    • Motivators are factors that can lead to job satisfaction, such as achievement, recognition, responsibility, and growth opportunities.
    • Hygiene Factors are aspects that can lead to dissatisfaction, such as working conditions, supervision, pay, interpersonal relations, and company policies.

    McClelland’s Motivational Needs Theory

    • Achievement Motivation: Driven by achieving goals and advancing in their jobs.
    • Authority/Power Motivation: Desire for control and influence in relationships.
    • Affiliation Motivation: Seeking friendly connections with others.

    Vroom's Expectancy Theory

    • Expectancy Theory suggests that an employee’s motivation is influenced by their personal views about the likelihood of success and the expected outcomes.
    • Valence: An employee’s desire for an extrinsic or intrinsic reward.
    • Expectancy: The belief that effort leads to desired performance.
    • Instrumentality: The confidence that promised rewards are actually received.

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    Description

    Explore the key concepts of motivational theories, particularly Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. This quiz examines the different levels of needs, from basic physiological needs to self-actualisation, and discusses the criticisms of these theories. Test your understanding of how motivation influences productivity and workplace dynamics.

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