Motivation and Needs in Management
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Questions and Answers

What is the responsibility towards government in terms of taxes?

  • Avoid paying taxes
  • Bribe government officers
  • Don't pay taxes and claim refund
  • Pay taxes and dues honestly (correct)

    • What is the main objective of entrepreneurial development programmes?

  • To provide employment opportunities
  • To promote culture and art
  • To develop knowledge and skill in the participants (correct)
  • To help in selecting project/product only

    • What is the responsibility towards society in terms of environmental protection?

  • Reduce employment opportunities
  • Set up industries in backward areas only
  • Help in environmental protection (correct)
  • Increase pollution

    • What is the short-term objective of entrepreneurial development programmes?

    <p>To help in selecting project/product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the responsibility towards creditors and suppliers?

    <p>Treat them as business partners</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the long-term objective of entrepreneurial development programmes?

    <p>To develop small and medium scale industrial sectors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of entrepreneurship development programmes?

    <p>Programme designed to help an individual in strengthening his entrepreneurial motive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the responsibility towards society in terms of promoting education?

    <p>Promote education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary objective of the DIC programme?

    <p>To promote cottage and small industries in small towns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What service does DIC provide to new entrepreneurs?

    <p>Technical advice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does DIC help small-scale industries to get?

    <p>Subsidies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does DIC issue to new entrepreneurs?

    <p>Provisional SSI registration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does DIC help village artisans and handicrafts to get?

    <p>Financial assistance from lead bank</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiative does DIC take for small-scale industries?

    <p>Sponsors loan applications to SIDCO and National Banks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does DIC do for rural entrepreneurs?

    <p>Gives training</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When was the scheme of self-employment for unemployed educated youth introduced?

    <p>1983-84</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of supportive role in entrepreneurial development?

    <p>Helping entrepreneurs in setting up the enterprise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of providing common facilities in entrepreneurial development?

    <p>To provide a shared resource to entrepreneurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of sustaining role in entrepreneurial development?

    <p>Helping in modernization of the business</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of EDPs in terms of economic change?

    <p>To bring economic and social change in the entrepreneur's behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the outcomes of EDPs in terms of entrepreneurship development?

    <p>Entrepreneurs become economic emancipators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do EDPs contribute to capital formation in a country?

    <p>By helping trainee entrepreneurs to convert their idle savings into productive investment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the socio-economic roles of EDPs?

    <p>Creating employment opportunities in small enterprises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the benefits of EDPs in terms of entrepreneurship development?

    <p>It helps entrepreneurs in developing social responsibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the objectives of EDPs?

    <p>To industrialize backward areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main activity of the initial or pre-training phase of EDP?

    <p>Creation of infrastructure and training syllabus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the post-training or follow-up phase of EDP?

    <p>To assess the achievement of the programme's objectives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the steps in EDP?

    <p>Selection of potential entrepreneurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is included in the training inputs of EDP?

    <p>Technical knowledge and skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of EDPs in stimulating entrepreneurship?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of motivational training in EDPs?

    <p>To stimulate entrepreneurship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is included in the support system of EDPs?

    <p>Information about available support systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main idea behind David McClelland's need for achievement?

    <p>The desire to grow, advance, and excel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of social responsibility according to Kieth Davis?

    <p>The obligation of decision makers to protect and improve the welfare of the society as a whole along with their own interests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a component of the need for achievement trait?

    <p>The need for feedback and using it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of social responsibility in the long run?

    <p>Long-term profits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an argument against social responsibility?

    <p>It violates profit maximization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the need for power according to David McClelland?

    <p>A person's desire to influence and dominate others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an argument in favor of social responsibility?

    <p>It prevents government intervention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the need for affiliation according to David McClelland?

    <p>A person's desire to establish and maintain friendly relationships with others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Maslow's Hierarchy and Need for Achievement

    • Managers may not have time to check where an employee stands in Maslow's hierarchy.
    • Need hierarchy may not follow the sequence given by Maslow.
    • The five major components of the need for achievement trait are:
    • Responsibility for solving problems
    • Setting goals
    • Reaching goals through one's own efforts
    • The need for feedback and using it
    • Preference for moderate levels of risk-taking

    David McClelland's Needs

    • According to David McClelland, there are three types of needs:
    • Need for achievement: the desire to grow, advance, and excel
    • Need for power: a person's desire to influence and dominate others
    • Need for affiliation: a person's desire to establish and maintain friendly relationships with others

    Social Responsibility

    • According to Kieth Davis, social responsibility is the obligation of decision makers to take decisions that protect and improve the welfare of society as a whole, along with their own interests.
    • Alternative definition: social responsibility is the obligation of entrepreneurs to protect and improve both the welfare of society and the interests of the company.

    Arguments in Favor of Social Responsibility

    • Long run profits: when a company helps society, people will like the company, which brings profit in the long run.
    • Prevents government intervention.
    • Possession of resources: if people like the company, they will allow it to possess resources.
    • Better environment: better quality of life can be created by solving social problems.
    • Socio-cultural norms: helps to keep the social and cultural values of the society.

    Arguments Against Social Responsibility

    • Violation of profit maximization: if the company focuses on solving social problems, it cannot concentrate on profit maximization.
    • Costs.

    Responsibilities of Business

    • Towards the government:
    • Obey the rules and regulations
    • Pay taxes and dues honestly
    • Follow fair trade policies and practices
    • Do not bribe the government officers
    • Co-operate with the government to implement social activities
    • Invest funds in government bonds, infrastructural bonds, etc.
    • Towards society/community and environment:
    • Provide employment
    • Provide good and services
    • Help in environmental protection
    • Reduce pollution
    • Set up industries in backward areas
    • Conserve national resources
    • Participate in community activities
    • Promote culture and art
    • Promote education
    • Open hospitals
    • Provide relief to victims of natural disasters

    Entrepreneurship Development Programmes

    • Definition: programmes designed to help an individual in strengthening their entrepreneurial motive and acquiring skills necessary for playing their entrepreneurial role effectively.
    • Objectives:
    • Short-term objectives:
      • Help in selecting project/product
      • Help in formulation of project
      • Help the participants understand the process and procedure of setting up a business enterprise
      • Know and influence the sources of help needed for setting up an enterprise
      • Prepare the person mentally for the entrepreneurial venture
    • Long-term objectives:
      • Identify and train potential entrepreneurs
      • Develop knowledge and skill in the participants
      • Develop basic managerial understanding
      • Develop small and medium-scale industrial sectors
      • Know the pros and cons of being an entrepreneur
      • Industrialize backward areas
      • Provide self-employment to the youth

    Phases of Entrepreneurship Development Programmes

    • Initial or pre-training phase:
    • Activities required to launch the training programme
    • Main activities include:
      • Creation of infrastructure
      • Creation of training syllabus
      • Arrangement of inauguration of the programme
      • Designing techniques for selecting the trainees
      • Publicity campaign for the programme
      • Development of application form
    • Training or development phase:
    • Training is given to the participants to develop motivation and skills
    • Post-training or follow-up phase:
    • This phase involves assessment, to check how much the objectives of the programme have been achieved

    Steps in Entrepreneurship Development Programmes

    • Selection of potential entrepreneurs
    • Identifying entrepreneurial trait
    • Identification of enterprise
    • Providing a package of training inputs
    • Support system
    • Monitoring and follow-up

    Role of Entrepreneurship Development Programmes

    • Stimulatory role:
    • Entrepreneurial education
    • Planned publicity for entrepreneurial opportunities
    • Identification of potential entrepreneurs through scientific methods
    • Motivational training to new entrepreneurs
    • Guidance in selecting products and preparing project reports
    • Providing techno-economic information and project reports
    • Developing locally suitable products and processes
    • Providing entrepreneurial counselling
    • Creating entrepreneurial forum
    • Supportive role:
    • Registration of unit
    • Arranging finance
    • Providing land, power, water
    • Guidance for selecting and obtaining machinery
    • Supply of scarce raw materials
    • Providing common facilities
    • Granting tax relief and other subsidies
    • Providing information
    • Helping in marketing
    • Offering management consultancy
    • Sustaining role:
    • Helping in modernization
    • Helping in diversification
    • Quality testing and improving services
    • Need-based common facilities
    • Socio-economic role:
    • Improving the hidden talents of participants
    • Utilizing hidden and unused resources like hoarded wealth for building the enterprise
    • Helping in dispersal of industries
    • Creating employment opportunities in small enterprises
    • Ensuring equitable distribution of national income and wealth

    Importance of Entrepreneurship Development Programmes

    • EDPs have shown that entrepreneurs can be made and they are not born
    • EDPs bring economic and social change in the entrepreneur's behaviour
    • EDPs can convert ordinary people into risk-takers, innovators, and leaders of business
    • EDPs can develop people to become economic emancipators, upon whom the economic well-being of the society depends
    • EDPs can increase innovation of a person
    • EDPs help in capital formation of the country
    • EDPs help entrepreneurs to start businesses that are good for the environment
    • EDPs create a sense of social responsibility in the minds of new entrepreneurs
    • EDPs provide Achievement Motivation Training (ATM), which is important for entrepreneurship development
    • EDPs develop social responsibility in entrepreneurs

    District Industry Centres (DIC)

    • Definition: DIC is a programme launched for the effective promotion of cottage and small industries in small towns.
    • Functions:
    • Identifies and develops new entrepreneurs by conducting entrepreneurial motivation programmes in the district
    • Gives technical advice to new entrepreneurs
    • Issues provisional SSI registration which is important for getting financial assistance
    • Sponsors the loan applications to SIDCO (Small Industries Development Corporation) and National Banks for the purchase of land and building
    • Sanction margin money payable to other financial agencies for the purchase of plant and machinery
    • Takes initiative to get clearances from other departments and takes follow-up measures to get power connections fast
    • Helps get financial assistance from lead bank of the district to village artisans and handicrafts
    • Helps the small-scale industries to get subsidies
    • Gives training to rural entrepreneurs
    • Introduced the scheme of self-employment for unemployed educated youth in 1983-84

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