Motivation and Job Design Concepts
65 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What best describes intrinsic rewards?

  • Praise from colleagues or supervisors
  • Pay increases given for performance
  • Internal satisfactions felt during an action (correct)
  • Promotions awarded by a manager

Which theory emphasizes the needs that motivate people?

  • Goal-setting theory
  • Content theories (correct)
  • Process theories
  • Reinforcement theory

What is the main focus of reinforcement theory?

  • Assigning tasks based on employee needs
  • Creating ambitious goals for employees
  • Developing intrinsic motivations
  • Changing behavior through rewards and punishments (correct)

What does job enrichment involve?

<p>Incorporating high-level motivators into the work (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does empowerment manifest in an organization?

<p>Sharing power and authority with subordinates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the avoiding style of conflict resolution?

<p>Low assertiveness and low cooperativeness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the organizational control process?

<p>Establish standards of performance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key performance metric included in the balanced scorecard?

<p>Employee satisfaction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of control relies on cultural values and trust?

<p>Decentralized control (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Six Sigma aimed at achieving?

<p>No more than 3.4 defects per million parts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the liquidity ratio measure?

<p>A company's ability to meet current debt obligations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a purpose of benchmarking?

<p>To identify areas for improvement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of budget estimates receipts and expenditures of money?

<p>Cash budget (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a self-managed team?

<p>It contains 5 to 20 multiskilled workers who rotate jobs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which dysfunction of teams relates to a lack of support and accountability among members?

<p>Inattention to results (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best describes a task force?

<p>A group formed for a specific activity with a temporary existence. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines the concept of groupthink in team dynamics?

<p>The drive for consensus preventing individual opinions from being expressed. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In team effectiveness, which outcome reflects members’ ability to learn and adapt?

<p>Capacity to adapt and learn (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of an agile team?

<p>It is small, focused, and has complete responsibility for one aspect of a project. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a socioemotional role primarily focus on?

<p>Supporting team members' emotional needs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which size range is considered optimal for high-performing teams?

<p>Three to six members (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of conflict is characterized by disagreements about goals or tasks?

<p>Task conflict (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of hygiene factors according to Herzberg?

<p>Eliminating job dissatisfiers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of communication represents the process of interpreting symbols?

<p>Decode (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'valence' refer to in expectancy theory?

<p>The value of outcomes for the individual (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which communication network allows individuals to communicate freely with other team members?

<p>Decentralized network (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of effective communication is attributed to listening?

<p>75% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of communication apprehension?

<p>The fear associated with interpersonal communication (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to ERG theory, which of the following needs is NOT classified under growth needs?

<p>Existence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'open communication' in an organization?

<p>Sharing all types of information throughout the organization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of motivational factor has the greatest impact on job satisfaction according to Herzberg?

<p>Motivators (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a 'centralized network' imply about team communication?

<p>There is a single point of communication (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary distinction between intrinsic and extrinsic rewards?

<p>Intrinsic rewards are personal satisfaction, while extrinsic rewards are given by others. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do process theories differ from content theories in motivation?

<p>Process theories explain how people make choices, while content theories emphasize what needs motivate them. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of empowerment is most crucial for organizational effectiveness?

<p>Delegating responsibility and authority to subordinates. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of job redesign in an organization?

<p>To enhance employees' work experience and increase productivity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the job characteristics model primarily focus on?

<p>Core job dimensions that affect psychological states and growth needs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of Total Quality Management involves groups of employees meeting to address quality-related issues?

<p>Quality circles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The balanced scorecard includes which of the following key performance metrics?

<p>Financial performance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of Six Sigma in quality management?

<p>Achieving no more than 3.4 defects per million parts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of control emphasizes the use of rules and policies to shape employee behavior?

<p>Hierarchical control (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term 'Kaizen' in the context of organizational improvement?

<p>Continuous small improvements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a cash budget?

<p>Estimates cash receipts and payments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ratio indicates how well an organization can meet its short-term obligations?

<p>Liquidity ratio (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The systematic process of monitoring and adjusting organizational activities to align with plans is known as:

<p>Organizational control (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does positive reinforcement play in behavior management?

<p>It encourages the repetition of desired behaviors. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the concept of valence in expectancy theory?

<p>The attractiveness of outcomes to the individual. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of communication involves messages being sent down from top management to subordinates?

<p>Downward communication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'communication apprehension' refer to?

<p>An individual's fear associated with interpersonal communication. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In ERG theory, which category of needs involves the desire for personal growth?

<p>Growth needs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is central to the concept of open communication within an organization?

<p>Sharing information across all functional and hierarchical boundaries. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of hygiene factors according to Herzberg's theory?

<p>Eliminating job dissatisfaction through lower-level needs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which communication network allows for unrestricted exchange of messages among team members?

<p>Decentralized network (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of communication is primarily addressed through feedback mechanisms?

<p>The understanding and improvement of the message delivery. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the concept of 'channel richness' relevant to communication?

<p>It describes the amount of information transmitted during communication. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining characteristic of a self-managed team?

<p>Usually composed of 5 to 20 multiskilled workers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does a task specialist play in a team?

<p>Helps the team reach its goal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of team diversity?

<p>Encourages innovative solutions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which dysfunction of teams is associated with reluctance to express differing opinions?

<p>Fear of conflict (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes the accommodating style of conflict resolution?

<p>Low assertiveness and high cooperativeness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the socioemotional role in a team?

<p>Supporting team members' emotional needs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of a special-purpose team?

<p>Exists only until the task is completed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What outcome reflects a team's capacity to adapt and learn?

<p>Ability to respond to environmental changes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of team development do teams typically experience conflict and disagreement?

<p>Storming (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does team cohesiveness primarily refer to?

<p>The attraction and motivation of members to remain in the team (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Motivation

The forces that drive us to act, either within or external to us.

Intrinsic Rewards

The internal satisfaction you get from doing something.

Extrinsic Rewards

Rewards given by others, like promotions or bonuses.

Empowerment

Giving employees power and responsibility.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Engagement

Employees who are passionate and committed to their work.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Avoiding Conflict Style

A conflict resolution approach characterized by low assertiveness and low cooperativeness, leading to avoidance of confrontation and potential for dissatisfaction.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Organizational Control

A systematic process to ensure organizational activities align with plans, targets, and performance standards.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Balanced Scorecard

A comprehensive management control system that assesses financial and non-financial aspects for critical success.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Decentralized Control

Control based on shared beliefs, values, and trust for fostering compliance with organizational goals.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Total Quality Management (TQM)

An organization-wide approach focused on infusing quality into every aspect of the company through continuous improvement.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Six Sigma

A highly ambitious quality standard aiming for no more than 3.4 defects per million parts.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Liquidity Ratio

A financial metric reflecting an organization's ability to meet its short-term debt obligations.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Feedback (work)

Information about how well an employee is performing their job.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Autonomy

The freedom and control an employee has over their work tasks.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Expectancy Theory

Describes how motivation is linked to expectations of success and desired rewards.

Signup and view all the flashcards

E → P Expectancy

The belief that effort will lead to successful task performance.

Signup and view all the flashcards

P → O Expectancy

The belief that successful performance will lead to desired outcomes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Valence

The value or desirability of the potential outcome or reward.

Signup and view all the flashcards

ERG Theory

Proposes three categories of needs: Existence, Relatedness, and Growth.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Hygiene Factors

Job features that prevent dissatisfaction but don't necessarily motivate.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Communication

Exchanging information and understanding it with the goal of influencing behavior.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Team

A group of two or more individuals who work together, coordinate efforts, and share commitment towards a common goal, holding each other accountable.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Functional team

A team composed of a manager and their subordinates within the formal organizational structure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cross-functional team

A team with members from different departments, all at a similar hierarchical level, who possess diverse expertise.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Task force

A temporary team formed to address a specific task or problem, dissolving once the task is completed.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Self-managed team

A team of 5 to 20 multi-skilled members who rotate tasks to produce a complete portion of a product or service with minimal supervision.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Free rider

A team member who benefits from the group's work without actively contributing.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Lack of Trust

A dysfunction where team members are hesitant to be vulnerable with each other and share ideas or concerns.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Team Cohesiveness

The extent to which team members feel attracted to the team and are motivated to stay.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Groupthink

A phenomenon where team members prioritize harmony and avoid conflict, leading to poor decision-making.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Accommodating style of conflict resolution

A conflict resolution style where one party prioritizes the needs and desires of the other party, sacrificing their own.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Content Theories

These theories focus on the needs that drive and motivate individuals. They explain why people are motivated to achieve specific goals.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Process Theories

These theories delve into how individuals choose actions to meet their needs and evaluate the effectiveness of their choices. They focus on the mental processes involved in motivation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Reinforcement Theory

This theory examines the link between behavior and its outcomes. It suggests that by using rewards and punishments, you can influence an individual's behavior in the workplace.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Job Enrichment

This technique aims to boost motivation and satisfaction by integrating high-level motivators into a job, like responsibility, recognition, and growth opportunities.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Job Characteristics Model

This model identifies key job characteristics (like variety and autonomy) that influence employees' psychological states and ultimately their work performance and satisfaction.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Open Communication

Free flow of information within an organization, across different departments and levels of hierarchy, promoting transparency and collaboration.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Benchmarking

A continuous process of comparing an organization's products, services, and practices against competitors or industry leaders to identify areas for improvement.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the 5 stages of team development?

The 5 stages of team development describe the natural progression of a team from its initial formation to its completion: Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning. Each stage involves specific challenges and characteristics that influence team dynamics.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is a "cross-functional team"?

A cross-functional team is composed of employees from different departments, all at a similar hierarchical level, who bring diverse expertise to the table. They often work on projects that require a broad range of inputs and skills.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is a "free rider" in a team?

A "free rider" is a team member who benefits passively from the team's work without actively participating or contributing. They take advantage of the group's efforts while avoiding personal responsibility.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is "task conflict"?

Task conflict arises from disagreements about the goals to be achieved or the tasks to be carried out. It's focused on the work itself, not personal relationships.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is "team cohesiveness"?

Team cohesiveness refers to the extent to which team members feel attracted to the team and motivated to remain part of it. Strong cohesiveness is built on positive relationships, shared goals, and a sense of belonging.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the "performing" stage of team development?

The performing stage of team development is characterized by high levels of cooperation, problem-solving, and effective task accomplishment. The team functions smoothly, working together efficiently to achieve shared goals.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is "groupthink"?

Groupthink is a phenomenon where team members prioritize harmony and avoid conflict, even if it means sacrificing critical thinking and potentially leading to poor decisions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the "socioemotional" roles within a team?

Socioemotional roles focus on supporting team members' emotional needs and strengthening the social entity of the team. These individuals contribute to a positive team climate and encourage teamwork.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the "accommodating" style of conflict resolution?

The accommodating style of conflict resolution is characterized by a low degree of assertiveness and a high degree of cooperativeness. The person using this style prioritizes the needs of the other party over their own, potentially leading to resentment.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the three outcomes of effective work teams?

Effective work teams demonstrate three key outcomes: Satisfaction, Productive output, and Capacity to adapt and learn. These outcomes reflect the team's ability to meet members' needs, perform effectively, and improve over time.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Motivation

  • Motivation is the internal or external force that drives enthusiasm and persistence towards a goal.
  • Intrinsic rewards are internal feelings of satisfaction achieved through action.
  • Extrinsic rewards are external rewards like promotions, praise, and pay raises.
  • Content theories focus on understanding employee needs.
  • Process theories explain how people choose actions to fulfil needs.
  • Reinforcement theory examines the relationship between behavior and its consequences, focusing on modifying employee behavior with rewards/punishments.
  • Empowerment is delegating power and authority to subordinates.
  • Engagement is an employee's emotional and mental state, marked by enjoyment of work, goal contribution, and organizational commitment.

Job Design

  • Job design applies motivational theories to structure work, improving employee productivity and satisfaction.
  • Job enrichment introduces high-level motivators like responsibility, recognition, growth, and learning opportunities into the work.
  • Work redesign modifies jobs to increase employee productivity and job quality.
  • The job characteristics model identifies core job dimensions, essential psychological states, and employee growth needs.

Goal Setting and Motivation

  • Goal difficulty involves making high-ambitious but achievable goals.
  • Feedback is the information employees receive on their performance.
  • Autonomy relates to the degree of freedom and self-determination an employee has in performing tasks.
  • Expectancy theory explains how employees' expectations impact motivation, including expectancy concerning effort, performance, and outcomes.
  • Valence relates to the value of the outcomes.
  • ERG theory modifies the need hierarchy theory, proposing three need categories: existence, relatedness, and growth.
  • Motivators, according to Herzberg, are critical for job satisfaction, based on fulfilling higher-level needs.
  • Belongingness needs are for acceptance by peers, friendships, group affiliation, and love.
  • Positive reinforcement involves administration of pleasant consequences for desired behavior.
  • Hygiene factors represent lower-level needs, impacting satisfaction when absent.

Communication

  • Communication is the exchange and understanding of information to influence or motivate behavior.
  • Encoding involves message creation and selection of a channel.
  • Decoding involves interpretation of the message.
  • Message is the tangible form of an idea.
  • Feedback is a response from the receiver to the sender.
  • Vision is an attractive and realistic attainable future.
  • Communication apprehension is associated fear or anxiety in communication.
  • Open communication involves sharing information inside an organization across different functions and levels.
  • Centralized networks focus communication through a one central person.
  • Decentralized networks permit open communication between team members.
  • Channel richness refers to how much information a channel transmits.
  • Social media platforms are used for user generated content.
  • Personal communication networks may cut across organizational levels.
  • Nonverbal communication relates to human actions and behavior.

Teams

  • A team is a group of two or more who interact and coordinate work to accomplish a common objective.
  • Team cohesiveness relates to the attraction and motivation team members have for their respective teams.
  • Stages of team development include Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning.
  • A functional team consists of a manager and subordinates.
  • A cross-functional team comes from different departments at the same hierarchy level.
  • Task forces are temporary groups for specific tasks, while special-purpose teams are created to deal with important projects.
  • Self-managed teams perform tasks and rotate jobs within the group.
  • Agile teams are focused on specific aspects of a project, including members with the required expertise.
  • Team benefits include creativity, speed, productivity, lower costs, and employee satisfaction.
  • Virtual teams are geographically diverse.
  • Global teams involve people from various countries.
  • Common dysfunctions of teams include lack of trust, fear of conflict, lack of commitment, avoidance of accountability, and inattention to results.
  • Team effectiveness relates to satisfaction, productive output, and adaptability.
  • Team diversity (of diverse skills, knowledge etc.) is linked to innovative solutions.
  • Member roles focus on task performance and social satisfaction.
  • Conflict can lead to task conflict and relational conflict.
  • Team norms outline behaviors related to work and expectations.

Organizational Control

  • Organizational control regulates organizational activities.
  • Establishing performance standards, measuring actual performance, comparing performance to standards, and taking corrective action are part of the process.
  • Total quality management (TQM) implements quality control across entire organizations through continuous effort.
  • Quality circles are groups of employees involved in improving processes.
  • Benchmarking is the process of measuring a company in terms of products, services, and processes.
  • Six Sigma aims for a goal of 3.4 defects per million parts for high quality and efficiency standards.
  • Quality partnering emphasizes quality improvements across different departments.
  • Kaizen (continuous improvement) involves incremental improvements in different areas for greater efficiency.
  • Expense budget outlines anticipated and actual expenses for a defined responsibility center.
  • Cash budget estimates receipt and expenditures to ensure adequate cash flow.
  • Financial control focuses on financial statement analysis for managing an organization's financial well-being.

Financial Ratios

  • Liquidity ratios show an organization's ability to meet current debt obligations.
  • Activity ratios describe internal performance in relation to key activities.
  • Profitability ratios show profits compared to sales or assets.
  • Return on assets represent percentage of earnings from assets.
  • A balance sheet provides information regarding assets, liabilities, and owners' equity.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Principles Of MGTM Final Rwev PDF

Description

This quiz focuses on key theories of motivation and job design that drive employee engagement and satisfaction. Explore intrinsic and extrinsic rewards, empowerment, and the application of motivational theories in structuring work for improved productivity. Test your understanding of how these concepts influence workplace dynamics.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser