Motivation and Emotion Chapter 9

Energized, directed, and sustained

The body's tendency to maintain an equilibrium or steady state

A need is a physical/biological deprivation that energizes the drive to eliminate or reduce the deprivation—a drive is an aroused state that occurs because of a physiological need (a psychological itch that requires scratching.)

<p>The psychological principle states that performance is best under conditions of moderate stress rather than either low or high stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hunger pangs accompanied by stomach contractions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The hypothalamus plays a role in processing emotional responses to food.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exercising regularly to improve your physical fitness</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Basic needs must be met before higher needs can be satisfied Physiological (food sleep), Safety (safe place, job health, family), Love/Bonding (friendship, family, sexual intimacy), Esteem (Self-esteem, confidence, respecting others), Self-Actualization (Morality, creativity, problem-solving etc)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Self-Actualization—motivation to develop to our fullest potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Three basic innate needs Competence Self-efficacy (belief you can accomplish a goal), mastery, expectations for success Autonomy Independence and self-reliance, the sense that we are in control of our lives Relatedness Warm relations with others, need to belong</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The belief that one can master a situation and produce positive change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The idea is that facial expressions can influence emotions and reflect them</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis)--Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system--flight or flight!</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A feeling/affect that can involve physiological arousal, conscious experience, and behavioral expression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The theory that emotion results from physiological states triggered by stimuli in the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The proposition that emotion and physiological reactions occur simultaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Schanchter and Singer’s theory that emotion is determined by two factors: physiological and cognitive labeling</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Richard Lazarus The primacy of thinking--how we think determines our emotions. (feeling unhappy if we fail to achieve a goal, because of how we think about that failure) Robert Zajonc Emotions are primary and our thoughts are a result of them--the way we feel about something on a “gut level” requires no thought</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The amygdala</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Expression of emotions are similar across cultures--display rules (when, where, how) do vary across cultures.)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sociocultural standards that determine when, where, and how emotions should be expressed</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fredrickson’s model of positive emotion, states that the function of positive emotions lies in their effects on an individual’s attention and ability to build resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Positive and negative emotions can be high or low in arousal Examples of high arousal: ecstasy and excitement (pos), rage, fury, panic (neg) Examples of low arousal: contentment and tranquility (pos), irritation and boredom (neg)</p> Signup and view all the answers