Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following monoclonal antibodies binds to the CD52 antigen on B and T cells?
Which of the following monoclonal antibodies binds to the CD52 antigen on B and T cells?
What is a potential serious side effect of alemtuzumab that requires monitoring for symptoms?
What is a potential serious side effect of alemtuzumab that requires monitoring for symptoms?
Which monoclonal antibody prevents activation of the cell cycle by binding to the CD20 antigen on lymphoma cells?
Which monoclonal antibody prevents activation of the cell cycle by binding to the CD20 antigen on lymphoma cells?
What should patients receiving rituximab be monitored for concerning infusion reactions?
What should patients receiving rituximab be monitored for concerning infusion reactions?
Signup and view all the answers
Which symptoms should patients taking obinutuzumab report to their healthcare provider immediately?
Which symptoms should patients taking obinutuzumab report to their healthcare provider immediately?
Signup and view all the answers
What are potential symptoms of infection that patients receiving alemtuzumab should monitor for?
What are potential symptoms of infection that patients receiving alemtuzumab should monitor for?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a possible side effect of rituximab that patients should be aware of?
Which of the following is a possible side effect of rituximab that patients should be aware of?
Signup and view all the answers
What side effects are associated with tumor lysis syndrome in patients receiving monoclonal antibodies?
What side effects are associated with tumor lysis syndrome in patients receiving monoclonal antibodies?
Signup and view all the answers
What should patients receiving alemtuzumab be advised to notify their healthcare provider about if they experience unexplained weight loss or gain?
What should patients receiving alemtuzumab be advised to notify their healthcare provider about if they experience unexplained weight loss or gain?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a symptom of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) that patients receiving alemtuzumab should monitor?
Which of the following is a symptom of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) that patients receiving alemtuzumab should monitor?
Signup and view all the answers
Which monitoring is essential for patients receiving obinutuzumab or rituximab due to the risk of tumor lysis syndrome?
Which monitoring is essential for patients receiving obinutuzumab or rituximab due to the risk of tumor lysis syndrome?
Signup and view all the answers
What condition may result in symptoms like neck pain and weakness on one side in patients receiving alemtuzumab?
What condition may result in symptoms like neck pain and weakness on one side in patients receiving alemtuzumab?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a symptom of immune thrombocytopenia that patients taking alemtuzumab should be on the lookout for?
Which of the following is a symptom of immune thrombocytopenia that patients taking alemtuzumab should be on the lookout for?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common side effect for patients receiving rituximab that may necessitate monitoring for cardiovascular status?
What is a common side effect for patients receiving rituximab that may necessitate monitoring for cardiovascular status?
Signup and view all the answers
What symptom should patients on obinutuzumab report that can indicate potential liver issues?
What symptom should patients on obinutuzumab report that can indicate potential liver issues?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following can be a result of the binding effects of rituximab on CD20 antigens?
Which of the following can be a result of the binding effects of rituximab on CD20 antigens?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Monoclonal Antibodies
-
Alemtuzumab (Campath, Lemtrada):
- Targets CD52 antigen on B and T cells, leading to cell death.
- Monitor for potential side effects:
- Stroke (neck pain, weakness on one side, facial droop, speech difficulties, sudden severe headache)
- Infection (fever, chills, swollen glands)
- Immune thrombocytopenia (easy bruising, petechiae, spontaneous bleeding from mucous membranes)
- PML (progressive one-sided weakness or clumsiness of limbs, visual disturbances, disruption in thinking, memory, and orientation leading to confusion)
-
Obinutuzumab (Gazyva):
- Targets CD20 antigen on premature and mature B cells, resulting in cell death and depletion.
- Monitor for potential side effects:
- Infusion reactions (hypotension, fever, chills, shortness of breath, rash, vomiting)
- Tumor lysis syndrome (acute renal failure, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, hyperuricemia, hypophosphatemia)
-
Ofatumumab (Arzerra):
- Binds to CD20 antigen causing cell death.
-
Rituximab (Rituxan, Ruxience, Truxima):
- Targets CD20 antigen on lymphoma cells, preventing cell activation and differentiation.
- Monitor for potential side effects:
- Infusion reactions (hypotension, fever, chills, shortness of breath, rash, vomiting)
- Cardiovascular status (monitor closely)
- Tumor lysis syndrome (acute renal failure, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, hyperuricemia, hypophosphatemia)
- Hypersensitivity reactions (hypotension, bronchospasm, angioedema)
Monitoring and Patient Advice
-
Monitor complete blood count (CBC), liver function tests, and renal function tests.
-
Advise patients receiving alemtuzumab to notify their healthcare provider immediately if they experience:
- Neutropenia symptoms (bleeding, easy bruising)
- Infusion reactions
- Infection
- Thyroid disorder (unexplained weight loss or gain, rapid heartbeat or palpitations, new lump or swelling in neck)
- Stroke or PML
- Depression or suicidal ideation
-
Advise patients receiving obinutuzumab to notify their healthcare provider immediately if they experience:
- Infusion reactions
- Tumor lysis syndrome
- Infection
- Hepatitis (worsening fatigue, yellow discoloration of skin or eyes)
- New changes in neurologic symptoms (confusion, dizziness, visual disturbances)
-
Advise patients receiving rituximab to notify their healthcare provider immediately if they experience:
- Infection
- Neutropenia
- Tumor lysis syndrome
- PML
- Hypersensitivity reactions
Monoclonal Antibodies in CLL
-
Alemtuzumab (Campath, Lemtrada)
- Binds to CD52 antigen on B and T cells
- Results in cell death in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
- Monitor for:
- Infusion reactions (hypotension, fever, chills, shortness of breath, rash, vomiting)
- Cardiovascular status
- Stroke symptoms (neck pain, weakness on one side, facial droop, speech difficulties, sudden severe headache)
- Infection symptoms (fever, chills, swollen glands)
- Immune thrombocytopenia (easy bruising, petechiae, spontaneous bleeding from mucous membranes)
- Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) (progressive one-sided weakness or clumsiness of limbs; visual disturbances; disruption in thinking, memory, and orientation leading to confusion)
- Advise patients to notify their healthcare provider immediately if they experience symptoms of neutropenia, infusion reactions, infection, thyroid disorder, stroke or PML, or depression or suicide ideation.
-
Obinutuzumab (Gazyva)
- Anti-CD20 monoclonal IgG1 antibody
- Targets CD20 antigen on premature and mature B cells
- Results in cell death and depletion in CLL
- Monitor for:
- Infusion reactions
- Tumor lysis syndrome (acute renal failure, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, hyperuricemia, hypophosphatemia)
- Infection symptoms
- Hepatitis (worsening fatigue, yellow discoloration of skin or eyes)
- New changes in neurologic symptoms (confusion, dizziness, visual disturbances)
- Advise patients to notify their healthcare provider immediately if they experience symptoms of infusion reaction, tumor lysis syndrome, infection, hepatitis, or new changes in neurologic symptoms.
-
Ofatumumab (Arzerra)
- Binds to CD20 antigen
- Causes cell death in CLL
-
Rituximab (Rituxan, Ruxience, Truxima)
- Binds to CD20 antigen on lymphoma cells
- Prevents activation of the cell cycle
- Results in cell death in CLL
- Monitor for:
- CBC (complete blood count) and liver and renal function tests
- Infusion reactions
- Cardiovascular status
- Tumor lysis syndrome
- Hypersensitivity reactions (hypotension, bronchospasm, angioedema)
- Advise patients to notify their healthcare provider immediately if they experience symptoms of infection, neutropenia, tumor lysis syndrome, PML, or hypersensitivity reactions.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
This quiz explores monoclonal antibodies such as Alemtuzumab and Obinutuzumab, detailing their mechanisms of action and associated side effects. It serves as a comprehensive review for students studying immunology or pharmacology, focusing on the clinical implications of these treatments.
