Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Defects and Leigh Disease Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the typical age range for patients with Adolescent form ALD?

  • 1-10 years old
  • 30-40 years old
  • 10-21 years old (correct)
  • 21-30 years old
  • Approximately what percentage of patients with Adolescent form ALD present acutely with status epilepticus or coma?

  • 10% (correct)
  • 15%
  • 20%
  • 5%
  • What is the main difference in clinical manifestations between Childhood form ALD and Adolescent form ALD?

  • Progression rate (correct)
  • Involvement of cerebral white matter
  • Presence of adrenal crisis
  • Onset age
  • What percentage of male patients with Addison disease may have the biochemical defect of ALD in the Addison-only phenotype?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ALD phenotype manifests as a progressive paraparesis in late adolescence or adulthood?

    <p>Adrenomyeloneuropathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH)?

    <p>Elevated LDL cholesterol, premature cardiovascular disease, and tendon xanthomas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic feature seen in muscle biopsy of patients with mitochondrial respiratory chain defects?

    <p>Ragged red fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main neuropathologic description of Leigh Disease?

    <p>Gliosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In fructose 1,6-biphosphate metabolism, what are the products of its hydrolysis?

    <p>Triose phosphate and glyceraldehyde phosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following clinical manifestations is typically seen in patients with fructose metabolism disorders upon ingestion?

    <p>Jaundice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions may have a higher incidence in patients with fructose metabolism disorders?

    <p>Celiac disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lysosomal storage disease is characterized by the accumulation of glycosphingolipids leading to neurodegeneration and organomegaly?

    <p>Gaucher Disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the true incidence of Leigh Disease as per the text?

    <p>1 in every 26,000 live births</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lysosomal storage disease has 3 subtypes including an adult, nonneuronopathic form that is most common among Ashkenazi Jews?

    <p>Gaucher Disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which form of Gaucher Disease do patients present with increased tone, strabismus, and organomegaly in infancy?

    <p>Type 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lysosomal storage disease results in failure to thrive, hepatosplenomegaly, and a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative course leading to death by 2-3 years of age?

    <p>Niemann-Pick Disease Type A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lysosomal storage disease results from the deficiency of β-galactosidase activity and is characterized by the accumulation of GM1 gangliosides?

    <p>GM1 Gangliosidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme replacement therapy can be used as a treatment for Gaucher Disease?

    <p>Enzyme replacement therapy with mannoseterminated recombinant human acid β-glucosidase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Tay-Sachs disease from Sandhoff disease at a molecular level?

    <p>Deficiency of both β-hexosaminidase A and B in Sandhoff disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Erlenmeyer flask deformity" on X-ray and bone crises are characteristic features of which lysosomal storage disorder?

    <p>&quot;Gaucher Disease Type 1&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "GM2 Gangliosidosis" includes which diseases?

    <p>&quot;Tay-Sachs disease and Sandhoff disease&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

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