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Questions and Answers
What term refers to pus-forming organisms that grow in clusters?
What term refers to pus-forming organisms that grow in clusters?
Staphylococci
What does a local infection indicate?
What does a local infection indicate?
The boil or pimple contains pus.
What are organisms that live on other living organisms without benefiting them called?
What are organisms that live on other living organisms without benefiting them called?
Parasites
What is the body's ability to destroy bacteria that have gained entrance called?
What is the body's ability to destroy bacteria that have gained entrance called?
Bacteria are _____ vegetable microorganisms found nearly everywhere.
Bacteria are _____ vegetable microorganisms found nearly everywhere.
What is pus?
What is pus?
What infectious disease should never be treated in a school or salon?
What infectious disease should never be treated in a school or salon?
What are infectious microorganisms smaller than bacteria called?
What are infectious microorganisms smaller than bacteria called?
The body develops _______ after it has overcome a disease or through inoculation.
The body develops _______ after it has overcome a disease or through inoculation.
How long can a person be infected with HIV without having symptoms?
How long can a person be infected with HIV without having symptoms?
What are harmful organisms that produce disease called?
What are harmful organisms that produce disease called?
A ________ infection results when the bloodstream carries the bacteria or virus and their toxins to all parts of the body.
A ________ infection results when the bloodstream carries the bacteria or virus and their toxins to all parts of the body.
When bacteria grow and reach their largest size, they divide and split into two new cells. This division is called _____
When bacteria grow and reach their largest size, they divide and split into two new cells. This division is called _____
What are the new cells formed from mitosis called?
What are the new cells formed from mitosis called?
Immunity against disease can be __________ or acquired.
Immunity against disease can be __________ or acquired.
When a disease becomes _______ it spreads from one person to another.
When a disease becomes _______ it spreads from one person to another.
Any surface that is not free of dirt, hair, or microbes is known as?
Any surface that is not free of dirt, hair, or microbes is known as?
The three levels of decontamination are sterilization, disinfection, and _____
The three levels of decontamination are sterilization, disinfection, and _____
The method of sterilization included high-pressure steam or _____
The method of sterilization included high-pressure steam or _____
Substances that kill microbes on contaminated tools and other nonporous surfaces are called _____
Substances that kill microbes on contaminated tools and other nonporous surfaces are called _____
Disinfectants must be registered with the _____
Disinfectants must be registered with the _____
What does MSDS stand for?
What does MSDS stand for?
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration was created as part of the _____
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration was created as part of the _____
Most QUATS disinfect implements within _____ minutes.
Most QUATS disinfect implements within _____ minutes.
If salon implements come into contact with blood, they should be cleaned and immersed in _______
If salon implements come into contact with blood, they should be cleaned and immersed in _______
The third and lowest level of decontamination is known as?
The third and lowest level of decontamination is known as?
What is the study of the hair called?
What is the study of the hair called?
What is the technical term for the hair found on the face?
What is the technical term for the hair found on the face?
What is one basic requisite for healthy hair?
What is one basic requisite for healthy hair?
Full-grown human hair is divided into two principal parts, which are known as the hair root and the ______
Full-grown human hair is divided into two principal parts, which are known as the hair root and the ______
Two of the most common types of ______ infections are furuncles and carbuncles.
Two of the most common types of ______ infections are furuncles and carbuncles.
What is the technical term for hair on the head?
What is the technical term for hair on the head?
What is a tube-like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that encases the hair root called?
What is a tube-like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that encases the hair root called?
What is the thickened, club-shaped structure that forms the lower part of the hair root called?
What is the thickened, club-shaped structure that forms the lower part of the hair root called?
What is the small involuntary muscle attached to the underside of the hair follicle called?
What is the small involuntary muscle attached to the underside of the hair follicle called?
What causes hair to stand up straight, giving the appearance of goosebumps?
What causes hair to stand up straight, giving the appearance of goosebumps?
What glands consist of a sac-like structure in the dermis?
What glands consist of a sac-like structure in the dermis?
What oily substance keeps the skin surface soft and supple?
What oily substance keeps the skin surface soft and supple?
Hair is composed of cells arranged in ______ layers.
Hair is composed of cells arranged in ______ layers.
What is the outermost layer of the hair called?
What is the outermost layer of the hair called?
The _______ is the middle layer of the hair which gives elasticity.
The _______ is the middle layer of the hair which gives elasticity.
The _________ is the portion of the hair that projects beyond the skin.
The _________ is the portion of the hair that projects beyond the skin.
The _____ portion of the hair is located below the surface of the scalp.
The _____ portion of the hair is located below the surface of the scalp.
What is the small cone-shaped area located at the base of the follicle called?
What is the small cone-shaped area located at the base of the follicle called?
The average growth of healthy hair on the scalp is ____ inch per month.
The average growth of healthy hair on the scalp is ____ inch per month.
What is hair flowing in the same direction known as?
What is hair flowing in the same direction known as?
Cross-sections of straight hair tend to be _____
Cross-sections of straight hair tend to be _____
Hair is composed of protein that grows from cells originating within the hair follicle. They mature in a process called _____
Hair is composed of protein that grows from cells originating within the hair follicle. They mature in a process called _____
Cross-sections of extremely curly hair tend to be _____
Cross-sections of extremely curly hair tend to be _____
Qualities by which hair is analyzed include texture, density, ______, and elasticity.
Qualities by which hair is analyzed include texture, density, ______, and elasticity.
What is the ability of the hair to stretch and return to its original form called?
What is the ability of the hair to stretch and return to its original form called?
What is the ability of the hair to absorb moisture known as?
What is the ability of the hair to absorb moisture known as?
Hair is approximately _______ protein.
Hair is approximately _______ protein.
What is the technical term for the most common type of hair loss?
What is the technical term for the most common type of hair loss?
Hair protein is made up of long chains of ____________, which are made up of elements.
Hair protein is made up of long chains of ____________, which are made up of elements.
A long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds is called ________ chain.
A long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds is called ________ chain.
A _______ bond is a physical side bond that is easily broken by water or heat.
A _______ bond is a physical side bond that is easily broken by water or heat.
What is a tropical medication applied to the scalp twice daily to stimulate hair growth?
What is a tropical medication applied to the scalp twice daily to stimulate hair growth?
What is the technical term for gray/unpigmented hair?
What is the technical term for gray/unpigmented hair?
Salts bonds are easily broken by strong _____ or _____ solutions.
Salts bonds are easily broken by strong _____ or _____ solutions.
What is known as an abnormal development of hair on areas of the body that normally bear only downy hair?
What is known as an abnormal development of hair on areas of the body that normally bear only downy hair?
What is the technical term for split hair ends?
What is the technical term for split hair ends?
A furuncle is an acute localized bacterial infection known as a _____?
A furuncle is an acute localized bacterial infection known as a _____?
What is a result of an acute staphylococci infection and is larger than a furuncle?
What is a result of an acute staphylococci infection and is larger than a furuncle?
What is a highly contagious, animal parasitic skin disease caused by the itch mite?
What is a highly contagious, animal parasitic skin disease caused by the itch mite?
Two different types of melanin are ______ and pheomelanin.
Two different types of melanin are ______ and pheomelanin.
What contagious condition is caused by the head louse?
What contagious condition is caused by the head louse?
What is the medical term for dandruff?
What is the medical term for dandruff?
A _____ bond joins the sulfur atoms of two neighboring amino acids.
A _____ bond joins the sulfur atoms of two neighboring amino acids.
What is used to test the water temperature?
What is used to test the water temperature?
What tool is used to cut hair with a softer edge?
What tool is used to cut hair with a softer edge?
The comb used to taper in the nape and side is known as a _______ comb.
The comb used to taper in the nape and side is known as a _______ comb.
What comb is used mainly to detangle the hair?
What comb is used mainly to detangle the hair?
_______ Points are points on the head that mark where the surface jawline changes.
_______ Points are points on the head that mark where the surface jawline changes.
Lines that are parallel to the floor are called _____ lines.
Lines that are parallel to the floor are called _____ lines.
Lines that are perpendicular to the floor are ________ lines.
Lines that are perpendicular to the floor are ________ lines.
What haircutting technique is measured in degrees?
What haircutting technique is measured in degrees?
Lines that are used for blending and stacking are _______ lines.
Lines that are used for blending and stacking are _______ lines.
A stable guide that does not move is also known as a ______.
A stable guide that does not move is also known as a ______.
Cutting all the hair to one length is a/an _____ cut.
Cutting all the hair to one length is a/an _____ cut.
What cut has a stacked area around the exterior and is cut at a low to medium elevation?
What cut has a stacked area around the exterior and is cut at a low to medium elevation?
What cutting technique involves using the points of shears to create texture?
What cutting technique involves using the points of shears to create texture?
What are subdivisions of a section, used for control when cutting known as?
What are subdivisions of a section, used for control when cutting known as?
If the hair is cut partially wet and partially dry, the results will be _____
If the hair is cut partially wet and partially dry, the results will be _____
What tool, also known as trimmers, are used to clean necklines and around the ears?
What tool, also known as trimmers, are used to clean necklines and around the ears?
What tool is called to cut a blunt straight line?
What tool is called to cut a blunt straight line?
When the hair is cut at 90 degrees and higher, the result is a ______ haircut.
When the hair is cut at 90 degrees and higher, the result is a ______ haircut.
What is a 180-degree haircut also known as?
What is a 180-degree haircut also known as?
A zero-degree haircut is also known as a _____ elevation.
A zero-degree haircut is also known as a _____ elevation.
What popular barbing technique has become favored by cosmetologists?
What popular barbing technique has become favored by cosmetologists?
A/an __________ is a thin continuous mark used as a guide.
A/an __________ is a thin continuous mark used as a guide.
Gliding the fingers and shears along the edge of the hair to remove length is called __________ cutting.
Gliding the fingers and shears along the edge of the hair to remove length is called __________ cutting.
What is the process of thinning with shears known as?
What is the process of thinning with shears known as?
Guides are mostly used in blunt one-length haircuts, or when using over direction to create a length or weight increase in a haircut is known as?
Guides are mostly used in blunt one-length haircuts, or when using over direction to create a length or weight increase in a haircut is known as?
Over Direction is used mostly in graduated and layered haircuts, and in those situations where a length increase in the design is desired. Confirm if this statement is true or false.
Over Direction is used mostly in graduated and layered haircuts, and in those situations where a length increase in the design is desired. Confirm if this statement is true or false.
What is it called when a haircut is picked up and not blended?
What is it called when a haircut is picked up and not blended?
Finger angle will determine your __________.
Finger angle will determine your __________.
What haircut will create weight and bulk?
What haircut will create weight and bulk?
What lines create a feeling of weight?
What lines create a feeling of weight?
What lines create a feeling of weightlessness?
What lines create a feeling of weightlessness?
Study Notes
Terminology and Definitions
- Pimples and Boils: Caused by staphylococci, these pus-forming organisms grow in clusters.
- Local Infection: Characterized by boils or pimples that contain pus.
- Parasites: Organisms that live on other hosts and do not provide benefits in return.
- Immunity: The body's capability to eliminate bacteria that have entered.
- One-celled Bacteria: Vegetal microorganisms found ubiquitously around the environment.
- Pus: A fluid produced through tissue inflammation.
- Scabies: A contagious skin condition caused by mites; requires referral to a physician for treatment.
- Viruses: Infectious microorganisms smaller than bacteria, affecting various plants and animals.
- Acquired Immunity: Develops after overcoming a disease or through vaccination.
- HIV: Can be asymptomatic for many years after initial infection.
- Pathogenic Organisms: Harmful microorganisms that induce disease.
- General Infection: Occurs when bacteria or viruses spread through the bloodstream to various body parts.
Cellular Growth and Hair Anatomy
- Mitosis: Bacterial division process that creates two new cells.
- Daughter Cells: Resulting cells from the mitotic division.
- Natural Immunity: The body's innate defense against disease.
- Contagious Diseases: Spread from individual to individual.
- Contaminated Surfaces: Surfaces that harbor dirt, hair, or microbes.
- Sanitation: The lowest level of decontamination above contamination.
- Sterilization Methods: Includes both high-pressure steam and dry heat autoclaving.
Hair and Scalp Health
- Trichology: The scientific study focused on hair.
- Vellus Hair: The fine, soft hair present on the face.
- Healthy Diet: Essential for maintaining healthy hair.
- Hair Components: Comprised of hair root and hair shaft.
- Hair Growth Rate: Approximately one half-inch per month on average.
- Hair Texture Characteristics: Analyzed attributes include texture, density, porosity, and elasticity.
Hair Structure
- Hair Shaft: The visible part of hair that extends beyond the scalp.
- Hair Root: Part located beneath the skin surface.
- Hair Layers: Divided into three main layers—cuticle (outer), cortex (middle), and medulla (inner).
- Sebum: Oily substance from sebaceous glands that keeps skin supple.
- Keratinization: Process through which hair cells mature and harden.
Hair Types and Conditions
- Androgenic Alopecia: The scientific term for the most prevalent form of hair loss.
- Split Ends: Known as Trichoptilosis, indicating damage to the hair.
- Dandruff: Medically referred to as Pityriasis.
Hair Cutting Techniques
- Elevation: Measured in degrees during hair cutting.
- Graduated Cut: Features stacked areas and is cut at low to medium elevation.
- Notching: Texturing technique using shear points.
- Guides: Stationary guides used in specific haircut styles for stability.
- Disconnection: A hair cutting method that is not blended.
Tools and Lines
- Shears: Utilized for blunt cutting and defining sharp lines.
- Combs: Wide-tooth combs are for detangling, while barbers' combs taper hair.
- Guiding Lines: Horizontal lines indicate weight, while vertical lines suggest weightlessness.
- Finger Angle: Critical for determining the cutting line.
Hair Bonding and Composition
- Disulfide Bond: Joins sulfur atoms of neighboring amino acids in hair.
- Protein Content: Hair composition is around 90% protein, primarily keratin.
- Polypeptides: Long chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.
Hair Styling Practices
- Layered Haircuts: Created by cutting hair at 90 degrees or higher.
- Effilating: Thinning technique done with shears to reduce bulk.
- Razor Cutting: Produces softer edges and softer cuts.
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Description
Test your knowledge with these comprehensive flashcards on key terms used in Minnesota's Board of Cosmetology. Each card includes important definitions related to skin infections, immunity, and organisms relevant to the field. Enhance your understanding and prepare for your cosmetology exams effectively.
