Milady Cosmetology Chapter 6 Flashcards

Abductors: Muscles that separate fingers for movement and dexterity.
Adductors: Muscles at the base of fingers that bring them together, contributing to grip strength.
Bicep: Key muscle shaping the upper arm, important for elbow flexion and lifting.
Gastrocnemius: Major calf muscle that facilitates foot movement by pulling down the foot.
Deltoid: Triangular shoulder muscle allowing for arm abduction and rotation.

Anabolism: Constructive metabolism process, important for repairing tissues and building structures.
Catabolism: Metabolism phase breaking down complex compounds, crucial for energy release.
Circulatory System: Comprises heart and vessels, responsible for blood circulation and nutrient transport.
Endocrine System: Collection of glands affecting bodily growth, metabolism, and sexual function via hormonal secretions.
Integumentary System: Includes skin and accessory organs, protecting the body and regulating temperature.

Central Nervous System: Encompasses the brain and spinal cord, fundamental for reflexes and processing sensory information.
Auriculotemporal Nerve: Affects the external ear and skin on the temple and scalp.
Buccal Nerve: Responsible for motor functions of the mouth muscles.
Greater Occipital Nerve: Influences sensation in the scalp, affecting hair and skin.
Dendrites: Branch-like structures that receive impulses and transmit them to the nerve cell.

Arteries: Thick, muscular tubes that transport oxygenated blood from the heart to tissues.
Capillaries: Microscopic vessels facilitating exchange of nutrients, gases, and wastes between blood and tissues.
Veins: Carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart; external jugular vein drains the head and neck.
Common Carotid Artery: Supplies blood to the face, neck, and head regions.
Facial Artery: Primarily responsible for blood supply to the lower face.

Humerus: The largest arm bone, crucial for upper limb movement and stability.
Femur: Longest bone in the body, extending from knee to hip, fundamental for walking.
Cervical Vertebrae: Seven spinal bones in the neck region, providing structural support and mobility.
Hyoid Bone: U-shaped bone at the base of the tongue, supporting tongue function and swallowing.

Lungs: Main respiratory organs facilitating oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange.
Excretory System: Group of organs such as kidneys and liver, crucial for waste removal and detoxification.
Inhalation/Exhalation: Air intake (inhalation) and carbon dioxide expulsion (exhalation) are vital for respiration.

Histology: Study of microscopic structures of tissues, essential for understanding complex biological processes.
Hemoglobin: Protein in red blood cells vital for oxygen transport.
Liquid Tissue: Includes blood and lymph, responsible for nutrient transportation and waste removal within the body.
Epithelial Tissue: Protective layer on body surfaces, crucial for barrier functions against pathogens.
Connective Tissue: Diverse group of tissues that provide support and bind different organs and systems in the body.