29 Questions
What is the product of the decomposition and disintegration of rocks by physical and chemical processes called?
Tuff
What is the term for downward slope movement of soils and rock fragments impelled by gravity?
Mass Wasting
Which process involves water percolating into the ground, dissolving minerals from rocks, and chemically breaking down the rock?
Weathering
What is the term for particles that are transported by wind, water, or ice after weathering and erosion?
Laterites
When ash settles to the ground, solidifies, and may be compacted into a rock called what?
Ignimbrite
What is the Paradox of Plenty mentioned in the text?
Countries with abundant natural resources tend to have worse economic growth.
What percentage of Ghana's total export is accounted for by mining?
30%
What is one reason provided in the text for the resource curse hypothesis?
Weak public institutions and government mismanagement
What impact does mining have on the majority of people living in mining communities in Ghana according to the text?
Abject poverty
Which sector experiences a reduction in competitiveness due to abundant natural resources according to the text?
Agriculture
How much of the country's GDP is accounted for by mining in Ghana?
5%
What are the main limiting factors for pit dimensions in terrace mining?
Seam exposure and pit width
Which type of orebodies is open-pit mining most often associated with?
Pipe-shaped
What is the primary excavation equipment used in open-pit mining?
Rope- or hydraulic shovels
How is waste managed in open-pit mining?
Dumped outside the mined-out area
What is typically used as the excavation method in open-pit mining?
Drill and blast
Where is waste placed to minimize transport costs in open-pit mining?
Close to the edge of the pit
What factor has led to failures of waste dumps in cases with coal seam inclinations more than 8 –20º?
Heavy rains
Why are modified terrace or open pit mining methods sometimes applied in cases of coal seam inclinations beyond 8 –20º?
Due to difficulties in waste dump stability
What working condition challenge arises when small scale changes occur in floor elevation or coal seam inclination?
Creation of difficult working conditions for dragline mining
In areas previously mined by underground methods, what may be required to anticipate the stability of the overburden?
Geotechnical surveys
What is the general approach for strip mining, regardless of the precise geology of the coal seam?
Similar to conventional strip mining
Which mining equipment is typically used for loading coal below the overburden during strip mining?
Rope shovel
What geological process is responsible for the formation of rifts in midoceanic ridges?
Divergence
What type of water is involved in mineral deposition through groundwater solutions?
Rainwater
What causes the enrichment of residual gold deposits following leaching?
Removal of associated minerals
In what geological setting does subduction occur?
Convergent margins
What is the primary cause of rock alteration by solutions in the text?
Hydrothermal fluids
How does the enrichment of portions of a copper sulfide deposit happen?
Removal of copper content from weathered rocks by percolating waters
Learn about how mining in Ghana challenges the resource curse hypothesis, which suggests that nations with abundant natural resources can suffer economically. Explore how mineral marketing can affect a country's economy and civilization.
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