Milady Cosmetology Chapter 21 Quiz & Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Why do people color their hair? (Select all that apply)

Enhance an existing hair color (correct)

Fashion statement (correct)

Correct unwanted tones (correct)

Cover up or blend gray (correct)

Accentuate haircut (correct)

Self-expression (correct)

How does the hair's porosity affect hair color?

Porous hair accepts color faster and can result in a cooler tone with quicker application.

How many types of melanin are found in hair? Describe each.

Three types: Eumelanin (black and brown), Pheomelanin (blonde and red), and Mixed melanin (both eumelanin & pheomelanin).

What are levels? What does the level system help you to determine when formulating hair color?

Levels range from 1 to 10, indicating lightness or darkness of hair color. Signup and view all the answers

Name the primary, secondary, and tertiary colors.

Primary: Blue, Red, Yellow; Secondary: Violet, Orange, Green; Tertiary: Blue-Violet, Red-Violet, Blue-Green, Yellow-Green, Yellow-Orange, Red-Orange. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of tone and intensity in hair color?

Tone indicates the color balance (warm, cool, neutral) while intensity reflects the strength of the color. Signup and view all the answers

What are the categories of hair color? Describe the first two.

<ol> <li>Temporary Color: large pigment molecules that coat hair, easily washed out. 2. Semipermanent: deposit-only color that lasts through several shampoos.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are the categories of hair color? Describe the last two.

<ol start="3"> <li>Demipermanent: deposit-only color with no lift; 4. Permanent: lightens and deposits color simultaneously, changing existing hair color.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

How does hydrogen peroxide developer work in a hair color formula?

It is an oxidizing agent that supplies oxygen to develop color molecules and change natural hair color. Signup and view all the answers

What are the four key questions to ask when formulating a hair color?

<ol> <li>What is the natural level and does it include gray hair? 2. What is the client's desired level and tone? 3. Are contributing pigments to be revealed? 4. What colors should be mixed?</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Why is a patch test useful in hair coloring?

To determine if the client has any allergies or sensitivities to the chemicals. Signup and view all the answers

What is a preliminary strand test and why is it used?

It determines how the hair will react to the color formula and how long to leave it on. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the action of hair lighteners.

Lighteners disperse, dissolve, and decolorize natural hair pigment, facilitating the lightening process. Signup and view all the answers

What is the procedure for a virgin single-process color service?

Drape, wear gloves, dry hair, section into 4, prepare the formula, apply to resistant areas first, process and rinse. Signup and view all the answers

What are the 2 processes involved in a double-process hair color?

<ol> <li>Hair lightening (bleaching), 2. Deposit desired tone.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Name and describe the various forms of hair lightener.

Oil, Cream, & Powder Lighteners: Oil is mild and used on the scalp; Cream is for high-lift; Powder is quick and off scalp. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of toner? When is it used?

To achieve pale and delicate colors on pre-lightened hair, often used after dimensional hair color services. Signup and view all the answers

What are the 3 most commonly used methods for highlighting?

Cap, Foil, and Balayage. Signup and view all the answers

List 7 tips for achieving gray coverage.

<ol> <li>Formulate level 7 or deeper, 2. Use 20-Vol developer, 3. Process for 45 min, 4. Add neutral tones, 5. Adjust N tones based on gray percentage.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

List the rules of color correction.

<ol> <li>Stay calm, 2. Understand the problem, 3. Identify the cause, 4. Develop a solution, 5. Take one step at a time.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

List 5 safety precautions to follow during the hair color process.

<ol> <li>Patch test, 2. No abrasions, 3. Follow directions, 4. Use disinfected tools, 5. Wear gloves.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hair Color Reasons

Hair color is used to cover gray, enhance existing shades, make fashion statements, express individuality, correct unwanted tones, and accentuate haircuts.

Hair Porosity and Color

Porous hair absorbs color more quickly, potentially resulting in cooler tones.
Porosity categories include low (long processing time), average (average processing time), and high (quick application but prone to fading).

Types of Melanin

Eumelanin: presents in black and brown hair.
Pheomelanin: found in blonde and red hair.
Mixed melanin: a combination of eumelanin and pheomelanin.

Level System in Haircolor

Color level is indicated on a scale from 1 to 10, representing lightness to darkness.
This system aids in determining the depth of the desired color.

Color Categories

Primary colors: Blue, Red, Yellow.
Secondary colors: Violet, Orange, Green.
Tertiary colors: Blue-Violet, Red-Violet, Blue-Green, Yellow-Green, Yellow-Orange, Red-Orange.

Tone and Intensity

Tone refers to the color balance (warm, cool, neutral).
Intensity indicates color strength (soft, medium, strong); color intensifiers can enhance the results.

Categories of Haircolor

Temporary Color: Coats hair without penetrating, easily washed out, bold results.
Semipermanent: No lift, lasts several shampoos; subtly deposits color.
Demipermanent: No lift, enhances natural color, and refreshes faded hair.
Permanent: Lightens and deposits color simultaneously, effective in covering gray.

Hydrogen Peroxide Developer

Acts as an oxidizing agent that enables color change when mixed with an oxidation haircolor.
Strength is measured in volume; lower volumes result in less lift, while higher volumes provide greater lift.

Four Key Formulation Questions

Assess the natural level and presence of gray.
Identify the client’s desired level and tone.
Consider any contributing pigments that may be revealed.
Determine which colors need mixing for desired results.

Patch Test Importance

Conducted to identify potential allergies or sensitivities to haircolor chemicals.

Preliminary Strand Test

Determines hair's reaction to color and optimal processing time.

Hair Lighteners Action

Lighteners disperse, dissolve, and decolorize natural pigments using chemical compounds.
Oxygen is released during the oxidation process to diffuse hair pigment.

Procedure for Virgin Single-Process Color

Steps include draping, applying gloves, sectioning hair, applying color starting from resistant areas, processing, rinsing, and conditioning.

Double-Process Haircolor

Involves two steps: first, hair lightening or bleaching; second, depositing the desired tone.

Forms of Hair Lightener

Oil Lighteners: Mildest, suitable for the scalp, lightens up to two levels.
Cream Lighteners: Stronger for high-lift blonding, good for scalp application.
Powder Lighteners: Quick application, must be used off the scalp.

Toner Purpose

Used post-prelightening to achieve delicate and pale colors, often employed after dimensional hair color services.

Highlighting Methods

Cap highlighting: Pulls strands through a perforated cap.
Foil highlighting: Slices or weaves sections, wraps in foil for processing.
Balayage: Freeform technique where color is painted onto styled hair.

Tips for Gray Coverage

Formulate colors at level 7 (medium blonde) or deeper.
Use 20-Volume developer for best results.
Process for 45 minutes, adjusting natural tones based on gray percentage.

Color Correction Rules

Stay calm when addressing color problems.
Identify the nature and cause of the issue.
Develop a solution and take gradual steps.
Perform strand tests for verification of results.

Safety Precautions in Haircoloring

Conduct patch tests, avoid abrasions and metallic colors.
Use clean tools, protect clothing, and always wear gloves.
Follow instructions carefully and perform strand tests before full application.

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Description

Test your knowledge on Chapter 21 of Milady Cosmetology with these flashcards. This chapter focuses on the fundamentals of hair coloring, including reasons for coloring and the effects of hair porosity. Perfect for students preparing for their exams or professionals wanting a refresher.

Milady Cosmetology Chapter 21 Review