Questions and Answers
What type of hair color has melanin granules grouped tightly?
Medium Textured
What determines the hair's ability to absorb hair color?
Porosity
What color is the result of a reduction in the production of melanin pigments?
Gray
Which of the following provides natural black and brown pigment (color) to hair?
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__________ is an indication of the strength of the hair's cortex.
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If the cuticle is tight, making the hair more resistant to chemical penetration, what type of porosity does this indicate?
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White hair is actually the color of keratin without _________.
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What is indicated by wet hair that does not return to its original length when stretched?
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During a porosity test, if you feel a slight roughness to the hair, it is considered __________ porosity.
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What type of pigment is the pigment that lies under the natural hair color?
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The three primary colors are yellow, red, and _________
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Which is the weakest primary color? It will lighten and brighten other colors.
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What type of colors are created by mixing equal amounts of two primary colors?
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An example of a tertiary color would be __________.
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When mixed together, complementary colors __________.
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The ___________ color of a hair coloring product is the predominant tone of a color.
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Which of the following describes the warmth or coolness of a color?
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A neutral base color tends to ______________.
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Which of the following would be considered a warm color?
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What type of non-oxidizing hair color washes out or fades within a few weeks?
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A demipermanent color would do which of the following?
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If you wanted to introduce a client to hair color services, you would use what type of hair color?
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What serves as the main oxidizing agent used in hair coloring?
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Compound dyes are metallic or mineral dyes combined with a ___________.
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Which of the following is not a professional hair coloring product?
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An example of a vegetable tint would be _________.
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Which of the following would be another term for an activator?
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20-volume hydrogen peroxide would be used _________.
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Permanent hair color products are alkaline and range between ____________ on the pH scale.
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As soon as hydrogen peroxide is mixed into a lightener formula, it begins to:
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_________ lighteners add temporary color as they lighten.
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_________ hair will absorb the base color of a toner.
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Which of the following is designed to correct excessive porosity?
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Toners are only applied to what type of hair?
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Cream lighteners contain conditioning agents called ________ agents.
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Color fillers use certified colors as _________.
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Which of the following would be an example of single process coloring?
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__________ is the process of coloring strands or sections of the hair darker than the natural or artificial color.
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What type of lighting is not suitable for judging existing hair colors?
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A(n) ___________ application is the application of hair color to hair that has not been previously colored.
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What type of test is given 24 to 48 hours prior to each application of an aniline derivative tint or toner?
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__________ is the process of coloring hair back to its natural color.
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In which of the following techniques do you paint a lightener or color directly onto clean, styled hair?
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Soap caps can be used to __________.
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Temporary color rinses can be used to ________.
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With what type of color will hair usually return to its natural color after 6 to 8 shampoos?
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What is one of the most important characteristics to consider when choosing hair color tint shades?
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Double processing hair coloring begins with hair ________.
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Hair lighteners can be used to _________.
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What product is formulated primarily for coloring mustaches?
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What should never be used for coloring mustaches?
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To restore damaged hair to a healthier condition, hair conditioners containing ___________ substances should be used.
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Gray, white, and salt and pepper hair with a yellowish cast should be treated with __________.
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What product has been known to cause severe allergic reactions when applied to facial hair or around freshly cut hairlines?
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Because there is no _______ in the hair, gray hair may appear lighter after hair color is applied.
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Some gray hair tends to be resistant to chemical processes and may require ___________ before a service.
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What type of tone indicates over-lightening?
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Gray hair and skin tone changes that accompany advancing age may benefit from __________ tones.
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What type of lighteners are the mildest form of lightener?
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When working with cream or paste lightener, it must be the thickness of ______________.
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Cap all bottles of developer and lightener to avoid ______.
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Do not apply tint if a patch test is __________.
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Choose a shade of tint that harmonizes with the client's ______________.
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What temperature should water be for removing tint?
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What should you not do prior to a tint?
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Which color neutralizes yellow?
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Which color neutralizes green?
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Which color neutralizes blue?
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What is another name for quaternary colors?
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What are the secondary colors?
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Study Notes
Hair Color Fundamentals
- Medium Textured Hair: Has tightly grouped melanin granules.
- Porosity: Determines hair's ability to absorb hair color; low porosity means resistant hair.
- Gray Hair: Results from reduced melanin pigment production.
- Eumelanin: Provides natural black and brown pigments in hair.
Hair Structure and Characteristics
- Elasticity: Indicates the strength of the hair's cortex.
- White Hair: Represents keratin without melanin.
- Low Elasticity: Indicated by wet hair that does not return to its original length when stretched.
- Porosity Test: Slight roughness in hair denotes high porosity.
Color Theory
- Contributing Pigment: Lies beneath natural hair color; essential for color matching.
- Primary Colors: Yellow, red, blue; yellow is the weakest and can lighten other colors.
- Secondary Colors: Created by mixing equal amounts of two primary colors.
- Tertiary Colors: Result from mixing a primary and a secondary color, e.g., yellow-green.
Color Application Techniques
- Base Color: The predominant tone in hair coloring products.
- Tone: Describes warmth or coolness of a color; a neutral base color balances other colors.
- Warm Colors: Red is a primary example; used in color applications.
- Semipermanent Color: Non-oxidizing, fades within weeks; typically used for introducing clients to hair color.
Chemical Processes in Hair Coloring
- Hydrogen Peroxide: Main oxidizing agent in hair coloring, releases oxygen upon mixing.
- Color Oil Lighteners: Add temporary color as they lighten hair.
- Fillers: Correct excessive porosity in hair.
Hair Lightening and Toning
- Toners: Applied only to pre-lightened hair to adjust tones.
- Cream Lighteners: Contain conditioning agents known as bluing agents.
- Soap Caps: Help reduce unwanted yellow tones in gray hair.
- Temporary Color Rinses: Soften over-lightened hair.
Preparation and Application Techniques
- Virgin Application: Hair coloring on uncolored hair; requires a patch test 24-48 hours prior.
- Free Form Technique: Involves painting lightener or color onto styled hair.
- Tint Back: Correcting hair color back to its natural shade.
Special Considerations
- Violet-Based Colors: Effective for neutralizing yellowish casts in gray and white hair.
- Positive Patch Test: Indicates an allergic reaction; avoid tint application.
- Natural Color Return: Semipermanent color generally fades back to natural in 6-8 shampoos.
Neutralization in Color Theory
- Color Neutralization: Violet neutralizes yellow, red neutralizes green, orange neutralizes blue.
- Tertiary Colors: Also known as quaternary colors, include combinations of primary and secondary colors.
Tools and Products
- Hydrogen Peroxide Volume: 20-volume used with permanent color to cover gray.
- Vegetable Tint Examples: Henna is a common natural color source.
- Color Fillers: Utilize certified colors as pigments for consistent results.
Safety and Client Considerations
- Allergic Reactions: Metallic or progressive dyes can cause severe reactions, especially around hairlines.
- Hair Conditioners with Lanolin: Recommend for damaged hair recovery.
- Client Complexion Compatibility: Choose tint shades that harmonize with the client’s complexion.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge of haircoloring and lightening concepts from Milady Chapter 18. This quiz covers key terms and definitions related to hair texture, porosity, and pigmentation. Perfect for cosmetology students or anyone interested in haircare.
