Haircolor Quiz & Flashcards - Milady Chapter 21

Questions and Answers

Clients who have their hair colored usually visit the salon every _____ weeks.

three to twelve

What is a professional, industry-coined term referring to artificial haircoloring products and services?

Haircolor

The ________ of the client's hair and the desired results determine which hair color to use.

Structure

The cortex contributes about _____ percent to the overall strength of the hair.

80 Signup and view all the answers

The natural coloring pigment found in the cortex layer of the hair is ______.

Melanin Signup and view all the answers

Hair texture is determined by the diameter of individual hair _____.

Strands Signup and view all the answers

Fine hair takes color faster and can look darker because the melanin granules are grouped ______.

More tightly Signup and view all the answers

The hair type with a large diameter that can take longer to process hair color is _____

Coarse-textured hair Signup and view all the answers

The ability of the hair to absorb moisture is known as ______.

Porosity Signup and view all the answers

When the cuticle is tight and the hair is resistant, it is described as having ______ porosity.

Low Signup and view all the answers

When the cuticle is slightly raised and the hair is normal, it is described as having _____ porosity.

Average Signup and view all the answers

When the cuticle is lifted and the hair is overly porous, it is described as having _____ porosity.

High Signup and view all the answers

To test for porosity, take several strands from four areas of the head: the front hairline, the temple, the crown, and the _____

Nape Signup and view all the answers

What type of melanin gives black and brown color to the hair?

Eumelanin Signup and view all the answers

What type of melanin gives blond and red colors to the hair?

Pheomelanin Signup and view all the answers

Contributing pigment, also known as _____, is the varying degrees of warmth exposed during a color process.

Undertone Signup and view all the answers

What unit of measurement identifies the lightness or darkness of a color?

Level Signup and view all the answers

The system used by colorists to analyze hair color is ________.

The level system Signup and view all the answers

The darkest hair colors in the level system are identified as being a level _____

1 Signup and view all the answers

The lightest hair colors in the level system are _____

10 Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the most valuable tools for identifying the natural level in the hair?

Color wheel Signup and view all the answers

______ is described as a property of objects that depends on the light they reflect.

Color Signup and view all the answers

The system used for understanding color relationships is the ________.

Law of color Signup and view all the answers

Fundamental or pure colors that cannot be achieved from a mixture are known as ________.

Primary colors Signup and view all the answers

Colors with a predominance of blue are ______ colors.

Cool Signup and view all the answers

Colors with a predominance of red and/or yellow are _________ colors.

Warm Signup and view all the answers

The primary color that brings depth or darkness to any color is _________.

Blue Signup and view all the answers

When all three primary colors are present in equal proportions, the resulting color is _________.

Black Signup and view all the answers

A color obtained by mixing equal parts of two primary colors is a ________.

Secondary color Signup and view all the answers

A color achieved by mixing equal parts of a secondary color and its neighboring primary color is a ___________.

Tertiary color Signup and view all the answers

Primary and secondary colors that are positioned opposite each other on the color wheel are _______.

Complementary colors Signup and view all the answers

The hue or balance of color seen in the hair is referred to as ________.

Tone Signup and view all the answers

Tones can be described as cool, warm, or ________.

Neutral Signup and view all the answers

_________ tones reflect more light, therefore they look lighter than their actual level.

Warm Signup and view all the answers

_______ tones absorb more light, therefore they look deeper than their actual level.

Cool Signup and view all the answers

________ refers to the strength of the color.

Intensity Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the predominant tone of a color?

Base Signup and view all the answers

Each color is identified by a number and a letter, with the number indicating the level and the letter indicating the _____.

Tone Signup and view all the answers

Neutral base colors are often used to _______.

Cover gray hair Signup and view all the answers

Non-oxidative haircolor is classified as temporary and _____ (traditional).

Semipermanent Signup and view all the answers

Oxidative haircolor is classified as demipermanent (deposit only) and _____ (lift and deposit).

Permanent Signup and view all the answers

All haircoloring products require a patch test, with the exception of ______.

Temporary colors Signup and view all the answers

As part of their composition, all permanent hair coloring products and lighteners contain both a developer and a(n) _________.

Alkalizing ingredient Signup and view all the answers

Coloring products that have a coating action on the hair and are removed by shampooing are ________.

Temporary colors Signup and view all the answers

Demipermanent colors are also known as _______.

No-lift, deposit-only colors Signup and view all the answers

What coloring products are regarded as best for covering gray hair?

Permanent haircoloring Signup and view all the answers

Dye precursors that combine with hydrogen peroxide to form larger, permanent dye molecules are called ________.

Aniline derivatives Signup and view all the answers

Metallic haircolors are also known as ______.

Gradual colors Signup and view all the answers

________ haircolors, also known as vegetable haircolors, are obtained from the leaves or bark of plants.

Natural Signup and view all the answers

Haircoloring products that change color gradually by progressive buildup and exposure to air contain ______.

Metallic salts Signup and view all the answers

______ is the most commonly used developer that supplies the necessary oxygen gas to develop color molecules.

Hydrogen peroxide Signup and view all the answers

The concentration and strength of hydrogen peroxide is measured in terms of ________.

Volume Signup and view all the answers

The standard volume of hydrogen peroxide used to achieve most results with permanent haircolor is ________.

20 volume Signup and view all the answers

Chemical compounds that lighten hair by dispersing, dissolving, and decolorizing the natural pigment are _________.

Hair lighteners Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which oxygen is released within the cortex of the hair shaft?

Oxidation Signup and view all the answers

The process in which the hair is pre-lightened and then toned is known as _______.

Double-process application Signup and view all the answers

During the process of decolorizing, natural hair can go through as many as _________.

10 stages Signup and view all the answers

Decolorizing the hair's natural pigment allows the colorist to create the exact degree of _______.

Contributing pigment Signup and view all the answers

What hair coloring product is used primarily on pre-lightened hair to achieve pale and delicate colors?

Toners Signup and view all the answers

When is the most critical part of a color service?

Haircolor consultation Signup and view all the answers

Clients with hair in questionable condition who request chemical services should be required to sign a __________.

Release statement Signup and view all the answers

When applying color using the brush-and-bowl method, the mixing bowl should be ______.

Nonmetallic Signup and view all the answers

Before performing a coloring service with an aniline derivative product, the client must have a(n) _______.

Patch test Signup and view all the answers

The U.S. Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act prescribes that a predisposition test be given _________.

24 to 48 hours prior to application Signup and view all the answers

What process lightens hair and deposits color in one application?

Single-process haircoloring Signup and view all the answers

Examples of single-process permanent coloring applications are virgin color applications and _________.

Color retouch applications Signup and view all the answers

A _________ application refers to the first time the hair is colored.

Virgin Signup and view all the answers

What is a non-ammonia color that adds shine and tone to the hair?

Glaze Signup and view all the answers

You should NEVER apply hair color to a client if the scalp has any obvious signs of _________.

Abrasions Signup and view all the answers

Overlapping hair color on previously tinted hair can cause breakage and create a visible line of _________.

Demarcation Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step of double-process haircoloring?

Pre-lightening Signup and view all the answers

Lighteners that have a thicker consistency and give more control during scalp application are known as ________.

Powder lighteners Signup and view all the answers

Powdered persulfate salts added to haircolor to increase its lightening ability are _______.

Activators Signup and view all the answers

Powdered off-the-scalp lighteners contain persulfate salts for _________ and stronger lightening.

Quicker Signup and view all the answers

The part of the hair shaft between the scalp and the hair that has been previously colored is known as ________.

New growth Signup and view all the answers

The coloring technique that involves coloring some strands of hair lighter than the natural color is known as _______.

Highlighting Signup and view all the answers

The technique of coloring strands of hair darker than the natural color is _______.

Lowlighting Signup and view all the answers

In the weaving foil technique, selected strands are picked up from a narrow section of hair with a _______.

Zigzag motion Signup and view all the answers

The technique using a free-form painting of hair lightener directly onto clean, styled hair is ______.

Baliage Signup and view all the answers

The process of treating gray or very resistant hair to allow for better penetration of color is known as _______.

Pre-softening Signup and view all the answers

A patch test is generally conducted behind the ear.

Inside the elbow Signup and view all the answers

When applying color for a single-process retouch application, the color should be applied to the new growth using ______.

1/4-inch partings Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hair Coloring Fundamentals

Clients typically visit salons for hair coloring every three to twelve weeks.
Artificial haircoloring products and services are collectively termed as haircolor.

Hair Structure and Characteristics

The structure of a client's hair and desired results dictate the choice of hair color.
The cortex, or middle layer, contributes approximately 80% to hair strength and elasticity.
Hair texture is influenced by the diameter of individual hair strands.

Hair Porosity

Fine hair absorbs color quickly due to tightly grouped melanin granules, resulting in a darker appearance.
Coarse-textured hair has a larger diameter and generally takes longer to process color.
Porosity refers to the hair's ability to absorb moisture, with three classifications: low, average, and high porosity based on cuticle condition.

Melanin Types

Eumelanin provides black and brown shades, while pheomelanin offers blond and red tones.
Undertone, or contributing pigment, influences warmth during permanent color or lightening.

Color Measurement and Analysis

Color is identified by its lightness or darkness, typically measured on a scale known as the level system, ranging from level 1 (darkest) to level 10 (lightest).
The color wheel serves as an essential tool for colorists to determine the natural hair level.

Color Theory

The law of color explains relationships among colors, with primary colors being pure and not derived from mixtures.
Warm colors (red, yellow) dominate over cool colors (blue), impacting the overall hair tone.

Color Application Techniques

Tones can be categorized as cool, warm, or neutral, with warm tones appearing lighter due to light reflection.
Intensity refers to color strength, while base indicates the predominant tone of the color.

Hair Coloring Products

Non-oxidative haircolor is classified as temporary or semipermanent, while oxidative haircolor can be demipermanent or permanent.
Developers are crucial in permanent hair coloring, with hydrogen peroxide being the most common agent, usually at a 20 volume concentration for most results.

Chemical Reactions in Coloring

Oxidation occurs during the hair coloring process when oxygen is released within the hair shaft.
Double-process application involves first pre-lightening hair before applying toner for results.

Safety and Testing Protocols

A patch test is necessary before using an aniline derivative product, conducted 24 to 48 hours prior to application.
Clients with any scalp abrasions should not receive hair color treatments.

Application Methods

Single-process haircoloring allows for lifting and depositing color in one application.
Highlighting involves lightening selected strands, while lowlighting darkens chosen strands.

Additional Techniques

Baliage is a free-form method of applying lightener directly to styled hair.
Pre-softening assists in better color penetration for gray or resistant hair.

Key Recommendations

Avoid overlapping hair color on previously colored sections to prevent breakage and demarcation.
New growth is the uncolored hair between the scalp and previously colored sections.

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Description

Dive into the essentials of haircoloring with our flashcards based on MILADY Chapter 21. Test your knowledge on client visits, terminology, and the science behind color selection. Perfect for aspiring cosmetologists and beauty professionals!

MILADY Chapter 21: Haircoloring