Milady Chapter 12: Basics of Chemistry
26 Questions
100 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is chemistry?

  • The study of organic substances
  • The science that deals with the composition, structures, and properties of matter (correct)
  • The science of matter's physical properties
  • None of the above

    • What does organic chemistry study?

  • Substances containing carbon (correct)
  • Substances that do not contain carbon
  • The chemical properties of water
  • None of the above

    • Inorganic chemistry is the study of substances containing carbon.

    False

    What is matter?

    <p>Any substance that occupies space and has mass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an element?

    <p>The simplest form of chemical matter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are atoms?

    <p>The smallest chemical components of an element.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a molecule?

    <p>A chemical combination of two or more atoms in fixed proportions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an elemental molecule?

    <p>A molecule containing two or more atoms of the same element.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are compound molecules?

    <p>A chemical combination of two or more atoms of different elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the states of matter?

    <p>Solid, liquid, gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Physical properties can be determined with a chemical reaction.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Chemical properties can only be determined through a chemical reaction.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a physical change?

    <p>A change in the form or physical properties of a substance without creating a new substance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a chemical change?

    <p>A change in the chemical composition or make-up of a substance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An example of a chemical change is the __________ of hair color.

    <p>oxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is oxidation-reduction (redox)?

    <p>A chemical reaction where the oxidizing agent is reduced and the reducing agent is oxidized.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an oxidizing agent?

    <p>A substance that releases oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a reducing agent?

    <p>A substance that adds hydrogen to a compound or removes oxygen from it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is reduction?

    <p>The process through which oxygen is subtracted from or hydrogen is added to a substance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what conditions can chemical reactions release a significant amount of heat?

    <p>Exothermic reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is combustion?

    <p>The rapid oxidation of a substance, producing heat and light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a pure substance?

    <p>A chemical combination of matter in definite proportions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a physical mixture?

    <p>A physical combination of matter in any proportions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a solution?

    <p>A stable physical mixture of two or more substances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a solute?

    <p>The substance that is dissolved into the solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a solvent?

    <p>The substance that dissolves the solute to make the solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Chemistry Basics

    • Chemistry is the science of matter's composition, structure, properties, and behavior under various conditions.
    • Organic chemistry focuses on substances containing carbon.
    • Inorganic chemistry studies substances that do not contain carbon but may include hydrogen.

    Matter and Its Forms

    • Matter is any substance that occupies space and has mass.
    • An element is the simplest chemical matter that cannot be simplified without losing identity.
    • Atoms are the smallest units of an element and cannot be divided into simpler substances through ordinary chemical means.
    • Molecules are combinations of two or more atoms in fixed proportions.

    Types of Molecules

    • An elemental molecule consists of two or more atoms of the same element.
    • Compound molecules (or compounds) are combinations of atoms from different elements in fixed proportions.

    States and Properties of Matter

    • Matter exists in three physical states: solid, liquid, and gas.
    • Physical properties can be assessed without chemical reactions, while chemical properties require a chemical change.
    • A physical change alters the form or properties of a substance without creating a new one; a chemical change involves a change in composition.

    Chemical Changes and Reactions

    • Oxidation is a type of chemical change, such as altering hair color.
    • Oxidation-reduction (redox) involves reactions where oxidizing agents lose oxygen and reducing agents gain it.
    • An oxidizing agent releases oxygen; hydrogen peroxide is an example.
    • A reducing agent adds hydrogen to a substance or removes oxygen.

    Reactions and Mixtures

    • Reduction is a reaction process where oxygen is removed or hydrogen is added.
    • Exothermic reactions release heat during chemical processes.
    • Combustion is a rapid oxidation reaction producing heat and light, such as lighting a match.
    • A pure substance is a chemical combination with fixed proportions, while a physical mixture combines substances in any ratio, retaining their individual properties.

    Solutions

    • A solution is a stable mixture of two or more substances.
    • The solute is the substance being dissolved, while the solvent is the substance that dissolves the solute to form a solution.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Explore the fundamental concepts of chemistry with this quiz based on Milady's Chapter 12. Test your knowledge of essential topics such as organic and inorganic chemistry, and understand the properties of matter. Ideal for students preparing for exams in beauty and wellness fields.

    More Like This

    Chemistry Branches and Basic Concepts
    5 questions

    Branches of Chemistry Quiz: Test Your Knowledge

    TopsLaplace avatar
    TopsLaplace
    Organic and Inorganic Chemistry Basics
    10 questions

    Organic and Inorganic Chemistry Basics

    IncredibleOrientalism avatar
    IncredibleOrientalism
    Introduction to Chemistry
    8 questions

    Introduction to Chemistry

    IrreplaceableFermat avatar
    IrreplaceableFermat
    Basic Chemistry of Biomolecules
    32 questions

    Basic Chemistry of Biomolecules

    AdjustableFermat avatar
    AdjustableFermat
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser