Microscope Anatomy and Function Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the iris diaphragm lever in a microscope?

  • To move the condenser away from the stage
  • To change the power source of the microscope
  • To open and close the iris diaphragm (correct)
  • To adjust the position of the objective lens

    • What should be done to ensure the safe carrying of a microscope?

  • Hold the microscope only by the base
  • Grasp the arm with one hand and support the base with the other (correct)
  • Carry the microscope while it is plugged in
  • Keep both hands on the arm and lean forward

    • How is total magnification in a microscope calculated?

  • By averaging the magnifications of all lenses used
  • By dividing the ocular magnification by the objective magnification
  • By multiplying the ocular lens magnification by the power of the objective lens (correct)
  • By adding the fixed magnifications of each lens

    • What is the best practice for cleaning the lenses of a microscope?

    <p>Use lens paper specifically designed for cleaning optics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first action recommended before turning on the light source of a microscope?

    <p>Adjust the rheostat to its minimum position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which magnification does the ocular lens of the microscope typically provide?

    <p>10X</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be the position of the condenser during usage of the microscope?

    <p>It should be close to the stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the last step in the care and setup of a microscope after use?

    <p>Remove the slide and cover the microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the field of view when using a lens with greater magnification?

    <p>The field of view decreases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lens should you start with to avoid damaging the slide?

    <p>Scanning lens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of adjusting the distance between the lens and the specimen?

    <p>To find the sharpest image.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is total magnification calculated?

    <p>Objective magnification multiplied by ocular magnification.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At 4x magnification, how does the image of the letter 'e' appear?

    <p>Magnified but clear.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the coarse adjustment knob on a microscope?

    <p>To quickly adjust the distance for rough focusing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding the oil-immersion lens?

    <p>It requires special immersion oil for operation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is resolving power in the context of a microscope lens?

    <p>The ability to distinguish between two close points.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of chlorophyll in plant cells?

    <p>To facilitate photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is NOT typically found in plant cells?

    <p>Centrioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of plant cells is responsible for their green color?

    <p>Chlorophyll</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of microscope is required to see most internal structures of a cell?

    <p>Electron microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic unique to plant cells among eukaryotes?

    <p>Ability to perform photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do plant cells convert from water and carbon dioxide during photosynthesis?

    <p>Carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what form is the genetic material found in the nucleus of a cell?

    <p>DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell lacks lysosomes as a part of its basic structure?

    <p>Plant cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is unique to plant cells and not found in animal cells?

    <p>Chloroplasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the central vacuole in plant cells?

    <p>Storage of substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature of animal cells allows for the development of diverse cell types?

    <p>Lack of a cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of microscope should be used to observe onion root tip and red blood cell prepared slides?

    <p>Compound microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Rigid cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the microscopy process, what is the purpose of adjusting the coarse and fine knobs?

    <p>To focus the slide clearly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What substance is stored in chloroplasts?

    <p>Chlorophyll</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the presence of a cell wall influence the shape of plant cells?

    <p>It gives them a fixed and rigid structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the substage light in a compound microscope?

    <p>To provide illumination for the specimen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the microscope allows the viewer to change the objective lenses?

    <p>Nose-piece</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the coarse adjustment knobs on a compound microscope?

    <p>To make larger adjustments for focusing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the magnification power of most ocular lenses used in compound microscopes?

    <p>10×</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following parts is located just below the stage and helps to concentrate light on the specimen?

    <p>Condenser</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component of the compound microscope connects the head to the base?

    <p>Arm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the objective lenses primarily used for in a compound microscope?

    <p>To magnify the specimen at various levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding the function of fine adjustment knobs?

    <p>They provide precision focusing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Microscope Anatomy and Function

    • The compound microscope is made up of several parts, including the base, head, ocular lenses, nose-piece, objective lenses, arm, stage, coarse adjustment knobs, fine adjustment knobs, condenser, and iris diaphragm lever.
    • The base supports the microscope and contains the substage light source.
    • The head or body tube contains the ocular lenses and nosepiece.
    • The ocular lenses are removable and magnify the specimen by a factor of ten.
    • The nose-piece holds the objective lenses and can be rotated to change lenses.
    • The objective lenses magnify the specimen at different levels (4x, 10x, 40x, and 100x).
    • The arm connects the head and base, and can be used to carry the microscope.
    • The stage is a flat platform where the microscope slide is placed.
    • The coarse adjustment knobs are used for initial focusing while the fine adjustment knobs allow for precision focusing.
    • The condenser focuses light on the specimen and can be adjusted to control light intensity.
    • The iris diaphragm lever regulates light passing through the condenser.
    • The total magnification is calculated by multiplying the objective lens magnification by the ocular lens magnification.

    Microscope Use and Care

    • Clean lenses with lens paper before and after use.
    • Turn on the substage light and adjust intensity using the rheostat.
    • When finished, rotate the nosepiece to the lowest power objective, lower the stage, turn off the light, remove the slide, and store the microscope properly.

    Magnification and Field of View

    • Magnification refers to the ability of a lens to enlarge the image of an object.
    • The power of each lens is fixed and labeled on the lens.
    • The total magnification is the product of the objective lens power and the ocular lens power.
    • Field of view refers to the area of the slide visible through the microscope.
    • The field of view decreases as magnification increases.

    Focusing Procedure

    • Start with the scanning lens (4x) in place.
    • Use the coarse adjustment knobs to bring the specimen into focus.
    • When the specimen is in focus at low power, it can safely be brought into focus at higher power using the fine adjustment knobs only.

    Plant and Animal Cells

    • Plant cells have a rigid cell wall, a central vacuole, and chloroplasts.
    • Animal cells lack a cell wall, central vacuole, and chloroplasts.
    • Plant cells contain chlorophyll, which allows them to perform photosynthesis.
    • Both plant and animal cells contain membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria.
    • Animal cells have centrioles, lysosomes, intermediate filaments, cilia, and flagella.

    Onion Root Tip and Red Blood Cell Observations

    • Use the microscope to observe prepared slides of an onion root tip and red blood cells.
    • Draw the observations at 40x magnification.
    • Note the differences in cell structure between the two types of cells.

    Questions

    • Resolving Power: Resolving power refers to the ability of a lens to distinguish between two closely spaced objects.
    • Magnifying Power: Magnifying power refers to the ability of a lens to enlarge the image of an object.

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    Related Documents

    Exercise 4 & 5 - Microscope and Cells PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the anatomy and functionality of a compound microscope. This quiz covers important parts such as the base, ocular lenses, objective lenses, and adjustment knobs. Understand how each component contributes to effective specimen observation.

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