Microorganisms: Friends and Foe

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fungus = Ringworm Protozoan = Cholera Bacteria = AIDS Virus = Malaria</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Malaria</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Yeast</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Edward Jenner</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Malaria and Dengue</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using mosquito nets and repellants, and removing stagnant water</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Food poisoning is an illness caused by consuming contaminated food, and can be prevented by proper hygiene and food handling practices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteria are beneficial in processes like nitrogen fixation and curd formation; however, they can cause diseases like typhoid and tuberculosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>(a) Warmer temperatures create a more favorable environment for bacteria to thrive, leading to faster curd formation. (b) The bacteria responsible for souring curd are more active at higher temperatures. (c) Nitrogen acts as an inert gas, preventing oxidation and spoilage of food items.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>(a) This statement suggests that tuberculosis can be spread through contaminated objects and surfaces, potentially affecting others. (b) Indirect transmission can occur through contaminated objects, air, or surfaces. (c) Some carriers of communicable diseases include mosquitoes, flies, and rodents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The given organisms are a bacterium, a fungus, an algae, and a virus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>(a) Microorganisms act as decomposers, breaking down organic matter and recycling nutrients back into ecosystems. (b) Without decomposers, organic waste would accumulate, leading to environmental imbalances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>(c) <em>Euglena</em> is a protozoan that can perform photosynthesis. (d) <em>Spirogyra</em> is an example of a filamentous alga. (e) <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> is an example of a single-celled fungus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>(f) Boiling involves heating food to high temperatures, killing microorganisms and enzymes. (g) Canning uses heat to sterilize food and seal it in jars; the vacuum prevents spoilage. (h) Freezing lowers the temperature, slowing down microbial activity and inhibiting growth. (i) Dehydration removes water, making it difficult for microorganisms to survive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>a = Plants uptake nitrogen from the atmosphere b = Bacteria convert nitrogen into usable form c = Nitrogen compounds in the soil d = Nitrogen compounds in plants are used to make proteins e = Animals eat plants and get nitrogen from them f = Animals excrete nitrogen containing wastes which decompose to replenish nitrogen in the soil g = Plants release nitrogen back into the atmosphere by decomposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>(a) Virus 'A' appears to reach the highest number at the temperature of 38 degrees Celcius. (b) Based on the data provided, the temperatures ranging from 36-38 degrees Celsius appear to be ideal for the development of both viruses. (c) The term used if the temperature in a human goes above 98.6 degrees F is Fever. (d) The most cell destruction for virus 'A' would likely occur at 38 degrees Celsius, as this is where it proliferates the fastest. (e) No, antibiotics cannot kill viruses, as they specifically target bacterial cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fungus = Ringworm Protozoan = Cholera Bacteria = AIDS Virus = Malaria</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using mosquito nets and insecticides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The gas that causes dough to rise is carbon dioxide, produced by yeast during fermentation.

Lactobacillus is the bacteria that converts milk into curd by fermentation.

Influenza is a disease in humans caused by a virus that affects the respiratory system.

Lactobacillus is beneficial, contrary to the assertion that all bacteria are harmful in curd preparation.

Fungi and bacteria, as decomposers, replenish soil with nutrients through decomposition.

Using mosquito nets and repellents can help prevent diseases spread by mosquitoes.

Fungi can cause Ringworm; protozoans can cause Malaria; bacteria can cause Cholera; viruses can cause AIDS.

The female Aedes mosquito is a carrier of dengue fever.

Antiseptics and antibiotics are chemicals used to inhibit the growth of microorganisms.

Food poisoning occurs when food contaminated with harmful microorganisms is consumed.

Bacteria are useful for nitrogen fixation and fermentation, but can also cause diseases.

Curd sets faster in summer due to higher temperatures promoting bacterial activity.

Food like chips is sealed in nitrogen to prevent oxidation and spoilage.

Avoiding sharing towels and utensils prevents the spread of tuberculosis, which is airborne.

Microorganisms decompose organic waste, helping to clean the environment.

A type of protozoan that can perform photosynthesis is known as Euglena.

Spirogyra is an example of a filamentous alga known for its spiral chloroplasts.

Yeast is a common unicellular fungus used in baking and fermentation.

Boiling kills microorganisms in food, making it safe for consumption.

Canning involves sealing food in jars and heating them to kill bacteria and pathogens.

Freezing slows down microbial growth by lowering the temperature.

Dehydration removes moisture from food to inhibit microbial growth.

The optimal temperature for virus reproduction often varies; too high can destroy cells.

Antibiotics do not kill viruses; they are effective only against bacterial infections.

The smallest microorganism is a virus.

Cholera is transmitted through contaminated water or food.

Dengue is caused by a virus and spread by mosquitoes.

Medicines that kill pathogens are called antibiotics.

Rhizobium, Clostridium, and Azotobacter can fix nitrogen; Penicillin cannot.

Algae are producers in the aquatic food chain.

Malaria is caused by a protozoan and spread by mosquitoes.

Waste in pit B degraded faster than in pit A without polythene.

Blue-green algae are commonly used as fertilizer.

The process that releases nitrogen gas back into the atmosphere.

A protozoan that causes disease in humans, living in the intestines.

A virus that infects bacterial cells.

A fungus used to obtain the antibiotic penicillin.

A brown alga that is a rich source of iodine.

The causative organism for chicken-pox is a virus.

Malaria is spread by mosquitoes.

Antibiotics are specialized medicines that kill infections.

Measles is transmitted through the air or contact.

Decomposers like bacteria and fungi recycle nutrients back to the soil.

Examples of protozoans include Amoeba and Paramecium.

Foodborne illnesses can result from consuming contaminated food.

An infection that is often caused by bacteria in the middle ear.

Microorganisms like bacteria and viruses actively invade hosts.