17 Questions
පරිසර සහතිකරණයේදී මයික්روආග්‍රම් භාවිතා කරන්නේ ______ පිරිසිදු කිරීමටය.
බයෝරිමෙඩියේෂන්
මයික්රෝආග්‍රම් භාවිතා කරන්නේ ______ සදහා කිරීමටය.
පරිසර සහතිකරණය
______ භාවිතා කරන්නේ ආහාර නිපදවීමේදී පරිවර්තන ක්‍රියාවලීය.
මයික්රෝආග්‍රම්
මයික්රෝආග්‍රම් ______ භාවිතා කරන්නේ ආහාර ආරක්ෂාව සහ ගුණාත්මක බව වැඩිදියුණු කිරීමටය.
භාවිතා
මයික්රෝආග්‍රම් ______ රෝග ඇතිකරන්නේ බැක්ටීරියා, වයිරස්, සහ ෆංගි මගින්ය.
ස්වයංග්‍රෝග
මයික්රෝආග්‍රම් ______ භාවිතා කරන්නේ රෝග වළක්වාගැනීමටය.
ව්‍යාචිකා
Microorganisms play a crucial role in ______ through fermentation.
food production
Examples of fermented foods include yogurt and cheese, which involve ______ fermentation.
lactic acid
Microorganisms are used in ______ to clean up pollutants in the environment, such as oil spills and heavy metals.
bioremediation
Mechanisms of ______ include biodegradation, bioaccumulation, and biotransformation.
bioremediation
Microorganisms contribute to ______ and safety, with some species producing toxins that can cause foodborne illnesses.
food spoilage
Microorganisms are used to convert pollutants into less toxic forms through the process of ______.
biotransformation
Microorganisms such as ____ aeruginosa are used in bioremediation to degrade oil and petroleum products.
Pseudomonas
The human microbiome plays a crucial role in preventing infectious diseases by competing with ____ microorganisms for resources and space.
pathogenic
Microorganisms can be transmitted through various routes, including ____ contact, indirect contact, and airborne transmission.
direct
Deinococcus ____ is a microorganism that is resistant to radiation and heavy metals, making it useful for bioremediation.
radiodurans
The human microbiome produces ____ compounds that help prevent infectious diseases.
antimicrobial
Study Notes
Microorganisms and Environmental Remediation
- Microorganisms play a crucial role in environmental remediation by degrading pollutants and toxins in soil, water, and air.
- Bioremediation: the use of microorganisms to clean up pollutants, such as oil spills, heavy metals, and pesticides.
- Examples of microorganisms used in bioremediation:
- Bacteria: Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, and Deinococcus
- Fungi: White rot fungus (Phanerochaete chrysosporium)
- Microorganisms can also be used to clean up pollutants in situ, reducing the need for excavation and transportation.
Microorganisms and Food Production
- Microorganisms are essential in food production, particularly in fermentation processes.
- Fermentation: a metabolic process in which microorganisms convert organic compounds into energy.
- Examples of microorganisms used in food production:
- Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae): bread, beer, and wine
- Bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus): yogurt, cheese, and sauerkraut
- Molds (Penicillium roqueforti): blue cheese
- Microorganisms can also be used to improve food safety and quality by:
- Extending shelf life
- Enhancing nutritional content
- Reducing spoilage
Microorganisms and Infectious Disease
- Microorganisms are the primary cause of infectious diseases, including:
- Bacterial infections (e.g., tuberculosis, pneumonia)
- Viral infections (e.g., influenza, HIV)
- Fungal infections (e.g., candidiasis, aspergillosis)
- Microorganisms can also be used to prevent and treat infectious diseases:
- Vaccines: use of weakened or killed microorganisms to stimulate immune response
- Probiotics: use of beneficial microorganisms to promote gut health and prevent infection
- Antibiotics: use of microorganisms or their products to inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms
Explore the role of microorganisms in environmental remediation, food production, and infectious diseases. Learn about bioremediation, fermentation, and the impact of microorganisms on human health.
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