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පරිසර සහතිකරණයේදී මයික්روආග්‍රම් භාවිතා කරන්නේ ______ පිරිසිදු කිරීමටය.
පරිසර සහතිකරණයේදී මයික්روආග්‍රම් භාවිතා කරන්නේ ______ පිරිසිදු කිරීමටය.
බයෝරිමෙඩියේෂන්
මයික්රෝආග්‍රම් භාවිතා කරන්නේ ______ සදහා කිරීමටය.
මයික්රෝආග්‍රම් භාවිතා කරන්නේ ______ සදහා කිරීමටය.
පරිසර සහතිකරණය
______ භාවිතා කරන්නේ ආහාර නිපදවීමේදී පරිවර්තන ක්‍රියාවලීය.
______ භාවිතා කරන්නේ ආහාර නිපදවීමේදී පරිවර්තන ක්‍රියාවලීය.
මයික්රෝආග්‍රම්
මයික්රෝආග්‍රම් ______ භාවිතා කරන්නේ ආහාර ආරක්ෂාව සහ ගුණාත්මක බව වැඩිදියුණු කිරීමටය.
මයික්රෝආග්‍රම් ______ භාවිතා කරන්නේ ආහාර ආරක්ෂාව සහ ගුණාත්මක බව වැඩිදියුණු කිරීමටය.
මයික්රෝආග්‍රම් ______ රෝග ඇතිකරන්නේ බැක්ටීරියා, වයිරස්, සහ ෆංගි මගින්ය.
මයික්රෝආග්‍රම් ______ රෝග ඇතිකරන්නේ බැක්ටීරියා, වයිරස්, සහ ෆංගි මගින්ය.
මයික්රෝආග්‍රම් ______ භාවිතා කරන්නේ රෝග වළක්වාගැනීමටය.
මයික්රෝආග්‍රම් ______ භාවිතා කරන්නේ රෝග වළක්වාගැනීමටය.
Microorganisms play a crucial role in ______ through fermentation.
Microorganisms play a crucial role in ______ through fermentation.
Examples of fermented foods include yogurt and cheese, which involve ______ fermentation.
Examples of fermented foods include yogurt and cheese, which involve ______ fermentation.
Microorganisms are used in ______ to clean up pollutants in the environment, such as oil spills and heavy metals.
Microorganisms are used in ______ to clean up pollutants in the environment, such as oil spills and heavy metals.
Mechanisms of ______ include biodegradation, bioaccumulation, and biotransformation.
Mechanisms of ______ include biodegradation, bioaccumulation, and biotransformation.
Microorganisms contribute to ______ and safety, with some species producing toxins that can cause foodborne illnesses.
Microorganisms contribute to ______ and safety, with some species producing toxins that can cause foodborne illnesses.
Microorganisms are used to convert pollutants into less toxic forms through the process of ______.
Microorganisms are used to convert pollutants into less toxic forms through the process of ______.
Microorganisms such as ____ aeruginosa are used in bioremediation to degrade oil and petroleum products.
Microorganisms such as ____ aeruginosa are used in bioremediation to degrade oil and petroleum products.
The human microbiome plays a crucial role in preventing infectious diseases by competing with ____ microorganisms for resources and space.
The human microbiome plays a crucial role in preventing infectious diseases by competing with ____ microorganisms for resources and space.
Microorganisms can be transmitted through various routes, including ____ contact, indirect contact, and airborne transmission.
Microorganisms can be transmitted through various routes, including ____ contact, indirect contact, and airborne transmission.
Deinococcus ____ is a microorganism that is resistant to radiation and heavy metals, making it useful for bioremediation.
Deinococcus ____ is a microorganism that is resistant to radiation and heavy metals, making it useful for bioremediation.
The human microbiome produces ____ compounds that help prevent infectious diseases.
The human microbiome produces ____ compounds that help prevent infectious diseases.
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Study Notes
Microorganisms and Environmental Remediation
- Microorganisms play a crucial role in environmental remediation by degrading pollutants and toxins in soil, water, and air.
- Bioremediation: the use of microorganisms to clean up pollutants, such as oil spills, heavy metals, and pesticides.
- Examples of microorganisms used in bioremediation:
- Bacteria: Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, and Deinococcus
- Fungi: White rot fungus (Phanerochaete chrysosporium)
- Microorganisms can also be used to clean up pollutants in situ, reducing the need for excavation and transportation.
Microorganisms and Food Production
- Microorganisms are essential in food production, particularly in fermentation processes.
- Fermentation: a metabolic process in which microorganisms convert organic compounds into energy.
- Examples of microorganisms used in food production:
- Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae): bread, beer, and wine
- Bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus): yogurt, cheese, and sauerkraut
- Molds (Penicillium roqueforti): blue cheese
- Microorganisms can also be used to improve food safety and quality by:
- Extending shelf life
- Enhancing nutritional content
- Reducing spoilage
Microorganisms and Infectious Disease
- Microorganisms are the primary cause of infectious diseases, including:
- Bacterial infections (e.g., tuberculosis, pneumonia)
- Viral infections (e.g., influenza, HIV)
- Fungal infections (e.g., candidiasis, aspergillosis)
- Microorganisms can also be used to prevent and treat infectious diseases:
- Vaccines: use of weakened or killed microorganisms to stimulate immune response
- Probiotics: use of beneficial microorganisms to promote gut health and prevent infection
- Antibiotics: use of microorganisms or their products to inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms
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