Microeconomics Chapter 3-4 Preference Relations Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are perfect complements in economics?

  • Goods that can be substituted for each other without any loss of satisfaction
  • Goods that are consumed independently of each other
  • Goods that are always consumed together in fixed proportions (correct)
  • Goods that are substitutes with varying proportions
  • Which of the following best describes the utility function in microeconomics?

  • It assigns a random number to each bundle without any specific criteria
  • It assigns a whole number to each bundle based on the prices of goods
  • It assigns a real number to each bundle based on the quantity of goods (correct)
  • It assigns a real number to each bundle based on the preferences of the consumer
  • Why is a utility function in economics referred to as ordinal utility?

  • Because it assigns utility based on the consumer's preferences
  • Because it considers the size of the utility difference between consumption bundles
  • Because it assigns random utilities to different consumption bundles
  • Because it focuses on ranking different consumption bundles, not the magnitude of utility (correct)
  • In microeconomics, what is a characteristic of a preference relation?

    <p>It only considers complete preferences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding perfect substitutes in economics?

    <p>Perfect substitutes have utility functions that assign real numbers to bundles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do perfect complements differ from perfect substitutes?

    <p>Perfect complements are always consumed together in fixed proportions while perfect substitutes are consumed in varying proportions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which axiom of consumer theory assumes that any two bundles can be compared?

    <p>Complete (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean when the text states that 'the x-bundle is indifferent to the y-bundle'?

    <p>The consumer is indifferent between the x and y bundles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of preference relations, what does it mean when x is weakly preferred over y?

    <p>X is at least as preferred as Y (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bundles are described by indifference curves?

    <p>Bundles equally preferred to a reference bundle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the axiom of transitivity in consumer theory imply?

    <p>If X is weakly preferred to Y and Y is weakly preferred to Z, then X must be weakly preferred to Z (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean when a consumer is indifferent between two bundles according to preference relations?

    <p>The consumer has no preference between the two bundles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In microeconomics, what is assumed about consumers and their choices?

    <p>They choose the best bundle of goods they can afford. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to consumer theory, what is a consumption bundle?

    <p>A bundle that consists of two types of goods. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do consumer preferences work in microeconomics?

    <p>Preferences depend on each consumer's needs and desires. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do consumer preferences represent?

    <p>The relationship between different consumption bundles. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In microeconomics, when is one consumption bundle strictly preferred over another?

    <p>When x is more preferred than y in the x-bundle compared to the y-bundle. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean if a consumer is indifferent between two consumption bundles?

    <p>The consumer derives the same level of utility from both bundles. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Perfect Complements

    Goods that are always consumed together in fixed proportions, like shoes and socks.

    Utility Function in Microeconomics

    A mathematical function that assigns a real number to each bundle based on the quantity of goods consumed, representing the satisfaction or happiness a consumer gets from consuming them.

    Ordinal Utility

    A utility function that only focuses on ranking different consumption bundles based on their preference, not the magnitude of satisfaction.

    Preference Relation

    A mathematical representation of consumer preferences, indicating whether one bundle is considered better than, worse than, or equally preferred to another.

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    Perfect Substitutes

    Goods that can be substituted for one another at a constant rate, with their utility functions assigning the same real number to bundles with the same total quantity of goods.

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    Axiom of Completeness in Consumer Theory

    The assumption that any two consumption bundles can be compared, meaning the consumer can always express a preference between them.

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    Indifferent Bundles

    Two bundles that a consumer considers equally preferable, providing the same level of satisfaction.

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    Weakly Preferred

    A bundle is weakly preferred over another if it is at least as preferred as the other bundle, meaning the consumer is either indifferent between them or prefers the first bundle.

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    Indifference Curve

    A curve that connects all consumption bundles that a consumer considers equally preferred to a specific reference bundle.

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    Axiom of Transitivity

    The assumption that if bundle A is weakly preferred to bundle B, and bundle B is weakly preferred to bundle C, then bundle A must be weakly preferred to bundle C.

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    Consumer Choice

    The process by which consumers make decisions about which bundle of goods to purchase based on their preferences and budget constraints.

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    Consumption Bundle

    A combination of two or more goods consumed by a consumer.

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    Consumer Preferences

    The relationships between different consumption bundles based on the consumer's needs, desires, and tastes.

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    Strictly Preferred Bundle

    One consumption bundle is strictly preferred over another if the consumer gets a higher level of satisfaction from consuming the first bundle compared to the second.

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    Indifference

    When a consumer derives the same level of utility from two different consumption bundles, meaning they are equally satisfied with either choice.

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