Microbiology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following bacteria is Gram negative and motile?

  • Vibrio cholerae (correct)
  • Clostridium tetani
  • Escherichia coli
  • Yersinia pestis
  • What is the basis for dividing bacteria into groups using Gram staining?

  • Inclusions
  • Thick or thin peptidoglycan layer (murein) (correct)
  • Capsule
  • Outer lipopolysaccharide membrane
  • Which stain is used for the microscopical diagnosis of tuberculosis?

  • Giemsa stain
  • Methylene blue stain
  • Gram stain
  • Ziehl-Neelsen stain (correct)
  • What is the method of choice for detecting motile bacteria?

    <p>Darkfield microscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by a 'species of bacteria'?

    <p>A group of organisms with close genetic resemblance to one another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following bacteria is arranged in grape-like clusters?

    <p>Staphylococcus aureus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is characterized by incomplete phagocytosis?

    <p>Tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic inhibits the synthesis of peptidoglycan layers by preventing cross-linkage?

    <p>Ampicillin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of gene transfer that involves bacteriophages?

    <p>Transduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of bacteriophages?

    <p>They are naked viruses infecting bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of bacteriophages?

    <p>They are prokaryotic organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method used for laboratory diagnosis of staphylococcal infection?

    <p>Bacteriological method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which microorganism produces a toxin that acts on protein synthesis?

    <p>Corynebacterium diphtheriae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the soluble factor of innate antiviral immunity?

    <p>Interferon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biopreparation is used for passive specific prophylaxis of infectious diseases?

    <p>Immunoglobulins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is commonly used in probiotic preparations?

    <p>Lactobacillus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which immunoglobulin ensures local immunity?

    <p>IgA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Bacterial Characteristics

    • Clostridium tetani: Gram positive rods with terminal spores
    • Escherichia coli: Gram negative motile rods arranged singly
    • Vibrio cholerae: Gram negative motile curved rods
    • Yersinia pestis: Gram negative non-motile rods arranged singly

    Gram Staining

    • Gram staining divides bacteria into groups based on the presence of a thick or thin peptidoglycan layer (murein)

    Diagnosis Methods

    • Microscopical diagnosis of tuberculosis: Ziehl-Neelsen stain
    • Detection of motile bacteria: Darkfield microscopy
    • Detection of bacteria: Brightfield microscopy of stained smears

    Bacterial Species

    • A species of bacteria is a group of organisms with a close genetic resemblance to one another

    Pathogenesis

    • Incompleted phagocytosis is typical to pathogenesis of:
      • Tuberculosis
      • Whooping cough
      • Gas gangrene
      • Diphtheria
      • Tetanus
      • Botulism

    Gene Transfer

    • Transduction: Mechanism of gene transfer involving bacteriophages

    Antibiotics

    • Ampicillin: Influences cell wall synthesis by inhibiting crosslinkage of peptidoglycan layers

    Bacteriophages

    • Bacteriophages: Are viruses infecting bacteria

    Laboratory Diagnosis

    • Main method for laboratory diagnosis of staphylococcal infection: Bacteriological method
    • Detection of Corynebacterium diphtheriae: Acid fast stain

    Toxins and Innate Immunity

    • Corinebacterium diphtheriae: Produces toxin, acting on protein synthesis
    • Soluble factor of innate antiviral immunity: Interferon

    Biopreparations

    • Biopreparation used for passive specific prophylaxis of infectious diseases: Immunoglobulins
    • Biopreparation used in probiotic preparations: Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium

    Immunoglobulins

    • Immunoglobulin ensuring local immunity: IgA

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of microbiology concepts, including bacteria species, phagocytosis, and pathogenesis of diseases.

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