Microbiology: Disinfectants, Antiseptics, and Preservatives
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Questions and Answers

What is the main goal of using disinfectants, antiseptics, and preservatives?

  • To destroy or inhibit the growth of microorganisms (correct)
  • To increase the microbial load
  • To enhance the infectious dose
  • To promote the growth of microorganisms
  • What is the outcome of zero survival in terms of microorganisms?

  • A slight increase in microbial growth
  • A complete elimination of microorganisms (correct)
  • No effect on microorganisms
  • A significant reduction in microbial load
  • What is the primary difference between sterilization and disinfection?

  • Sterilization is a more intense process than disinfection (correct)
  • Sterilization is a type of disinfection
  • Sterilization is used for non-critical items, while disinfection is used for critical items
  • Sterilization is used for medical equipment, while disinfection is used for surfaces
  • What is the purpose of controlling microorganisms in terms of infection?

    <p>To reduce the microbial load and prevent infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do disinfectants, antiseptics, and preservatives have in common?

    <p>They are all used to destroy or inhibit microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of limiting microorganisms?

    <p>A decrease in the risk of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between microbial load and infection?

    <p>A decrease in microbial load decreases the risk of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate goal of using disinfectants, antiseptics, and preservatives in terms of microorganisms?

    <p>To achieve zero survival</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of microorganisms are not completely destroyed by intermediate level disinfection?

    <p>Some viruses and fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following microorganisms is typically destroyed by intermediate level disinfection?

    <p>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of intermediate level disinfection in terms of sporicidal activity?

    <p>Limited activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of intermediate level disinfection?

    <p>To destroy all vegetative bacteria including Mycobacterium tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the microorganisms that are not affected by intermediate level disinfection?

    <p>They are highly resistant to disinfection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of microorganisms can low level disinfection destroy?

    <p>Most vegetative bacteria, some fungi, and some viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT destroyed by low level disinfection?

    <p>Spores and some resistant microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can low level disinfection NOT do?

    <p>Destroy spores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of microorganisms are likely to be resistant to low level disinfection?

    <p>Spores and some resistant microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the overall effect of low level disinfection on microorganisms?

    <p>Destroys most vegetative bacteria, some fungi, and some viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of products should preservatives kill any microbial contaminants introduced accidentally during use?

    <p>Sterile products such as eye-drops and multi-dose injections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of preservatives in sterile products?

    <p>To kill any microbial contaminants introduced accidentally during use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are preservatives necessary in multi-dose injections?

    <p>To kill any microbial contaminants introduced accidentally during use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of not using preservatives in sterile products?

    <p>The product may become contaminated with microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a benefit of using preservatives in eye-drops?

    <p>Reduced risk of microbial contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common disinfectant used in households?

    <p>Bleach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between antiseptics and disinfectants?

    <p>Antiseptics are used on living tissues, while disinfectants are used on inanimate objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a preservative used in food?

    <p>Salt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using preservatives in cosmetics?

    <p>To extend shelf life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following properties is desirable in an effective disinfectant?

    <p>Biodegradability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Disinfectants, Antiseptics, and Preservatives

    • Disinfectants, antiseptics, and preservatives are chemicals that can destroy or inhibit the growth of microorganisms.
    • Destruction of microorganisms implies a zero survival rate, meaning the end of microbial life.
    • Control of microorganisms can be achieved through sterilization, disinfection, or preservation.

    Disinfection Levels

    • Intermediate level disinfection: destroys all vegetative bacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but may not include some viruses and fungi, and has limited or no sporicidal activity.
    • Low level disinfection: destroys most vegetative bacteria, some fungi, and some viruses, but does not include spores and more resistant microorganisms.

    Preservatives in Sterile Products

    • In sterile products, such as eye drops and multi-dose injections, preservatives should kill any microbial contaminants introduced accidentally during use.

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    Learn about the different types of chemicals used to destroy or inhibit the growth of microorganisms, including disinfectants, antiseptics, and preservatives.

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