Microbiology Chapter 3 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the origin of the urinary bladder?

Sistema metanefrico

Seno urogenital (Porción proximal)

Sistema colector

Seno urogenital (Porción distal) (correct)

What is the origin of the ureter?

Sistema colector

Seno urogenital (Porción proximal)

Sistema metanefrico

Seno urogenital (Porción distal) (correct)

What is the function of the nephron segment that is permeable to water?

Tubo contorneado proximal

Tubo contorneado distal

Rama delgada descendente del asa de Henle (correct)

Asa ascendente del asa de Henle

What is the function of the macula densa cells?

To monitor sodium concentrations Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

To monitor electrolyte concentrations Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the theca interna cells?

To secrete androgens Signup and view all the answers

What is the site of fertilization?

Uterine tube Signup and view all the answers

What is the layer of the uterus that comes into contact with the embryo during implantation?

Decidua basal Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of prolactina in lactation?

Production of milk Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for milk expulsion?

Oxitocina Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of células de sartoli?

Endocrine function Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the plexo pampiniforme?

Cooling of blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the vesícula seminal?

Secretion of fructose Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the liberation of spermatozoa into the lumen of the seminiferous tubule?

Spermiación Signup and view all the answers

In which week of development do the organs begin to develop?

Fourth or fifth week Signup and view all the answers

From which structure or layer do the primordial germ cells originate?

Epiblast Signup and view all the answers

What determines whether an individual develops male or female sexual characteristics?

GEN SRY Signup and view all the answers

In which week does the gonad begin to differentiate?

Seventh week Signup and view all the answers

In males, what begins to develop from the mesonephric duct?

Conducto mesonefrico Signup and view all the answers

What gives rise to the Fallopian tubes and the uterus?

Conducto paramesonefrico Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the failure of the distal part of the paramesonephric ducts to fuse?

Utero bicorne Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the labia minora?

Pliiegues ureterales Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Embryonic Development

Organs start to develop in the fourth or fifth week of gestation
Germ cells migrate from the epiblast to the abdominal cavity, forming the gonad
Primordial germ cells originate from the epiblast
Germ cells settle in the gonad in the fifth week of development

Sexual Differentiation

The SRY gene determines male sexual characteristics
In the seventh week, the gonad begins to differentiate
In males, the mesonephric duct develops
In females, the paramesonephric duct develops
The mesonephric duct forms the entire male reproductive system
The paramesonephric duct gives rise to the fallopian tubes and uterus

Reproductive System Development

The union of the two paramesonephric ducts forms the uterus
The fusion of the ducts can result in uterine anomalies, such as a bicornuate uterus
The genital tubercle gives rise to the phallus (in males) and clitoris (in females)
Genital swellings give rise to the scrotum (in males) and labia (in females)
The urogenital sinus gives rise to the lower portion of the vagina and the urethra

Urinary System Development

The nephron is composed of two systems: the collector system (mesonephros) and the excretory system (metanephros)
The collector system develops from the ureteric bud
The excretory system develops from the metanephros
The bladder and urethra develop from the urogenital sinus
The kidney develops from the metanephros and the ureteric bud

Kidney Function

The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney
The proximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs glucose
The thin descending limb of the loop of Henle is permeable to water
The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is permeable to potassium, sodium, and chloride
The distal convoluted tubule absorbs bicarbonate
Macula densa cells monitor sodium concentrations
The juxtaglomerular apparatus regulates fluid and electrolyte balance
The kidney has an endocrine function, producing renin and erythropoietin

Ovary and Follicle Development

Follicles develop in response to gonadotropins
The primary follicle is the first stage of follicle development
Granulosa cells originate from follicle cells
Theca cells originate from the stromal compartment
Theca cells have receptors for luteinizing hormone
Granulosa cells have receptors for follicle-stimulating hormone
Oocyte maturation occurs in the secondary follicle
Theca cells produce androgens in response to luteinizing hormone

Uterus and Placenta

The uterus has three layers: endometrium, perimetrium, and myometrium
The decidua basalis forms the maternal component of the placenta
The placenta develops from the decidua basalis and the chorion
Implantation occurs during the "window of implantation"

Breast Development

Breast development is stimulated by estrogen
Prolactin stimulates milk production
Oxytocin stimulates milk letdown

Male Reproductive System

The testicular mediastinum communicates with the epididymis through the efferent ductules
Sertoli cells have an endocrine function
Leydig cells produce testosterone
Spermatogonia produce spermatozoa
Spermatocytes undergo meiosis to form spermatids
Spermiogenesis is the process of forming spermatozoa from spermatids
The pampiniform plexus cools the blood
The seminal vesicle produces fructose
The prostate gland produces acid phosphatase, prostaglandin, and prostate-specific antigen

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Description

This quiz covers key concepts in microbiology, including the development of organs, migration of cells, and the origin of cells. It's a must-take for anyone studying microbiology.