Embryology and Prenatal Development
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Questions and Answers

Which layer of cells forms the external covering of the body and the nervous system?

  • Mesoderm
  • Trophoblast
  • Ectoderm (correct)
  • Endoderm
  • What is the name of the group of cells that will give rise to the embryo?

  • Inner cell mass (correct)
  • Endoderm
  • Mesoderm
  • Trophoblast
  • Which layer forms the internal 'lining' of the pharynx, respiratory tract, and gastrointestinal tract?

  • Mesoderm
  • Trophoblast
  • Endoderm (correct)
  • Ectoderm
  • What structures does the trophoblast and maternally derived tissue form?

    <p>Placenta and structures to support and nourish the embryo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the alternate forms of a gene found on the maternal and paternal chromosomes called?

    <p>Alleles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the chromosome site of a given gene?

    <p>Loci</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the common variant forms of alleles found in populations?

    <p>Polymorphisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What represents frequency differences in many polymorphic genes that define populations historically derived from different areas?

    <p>Races</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of inheritance pattern is expected if the trait (disease) appears in one of the parents of the affected child?

    <p>Dominant inheritance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of genes are most X-linked traits?

    <p>Recessive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a male receives an X chromosome containing a defective gene, what does the defective X-linked gene function like when paired with the Y chromosome?

    <p>Dominant gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for individuals inheriting either one or two A or B alleles having blood types A or B, respectively?

    <p>Codominant expression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which state does a recessive gene produce a detectable phenotype?

    <p>Homozygous state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe an individual who possesses only one X chromosome and cannot be heterozygous or homozygous for X-linked genes?

    <p>Hemizygous individual</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of alleles are expressed when both A and B alleles are present at the ABO gene locus, resulting in blood type AB?

    <p>Codominant alleles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of genes are carried on sex chromosomes?

    <p>Sex-linked genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the condition in which there are detectable differences between homozygous or heterozygous expression of a dominant allele?

    <p>Codominant condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes individuals carrying two different alleles for a particular gene?

    <p>Heterozygous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what type of expression does a dominant gene express itself?

    <p>In either the heterozygous or the homozygous state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are alleles of different genes expressed?

    <p>They differ in how they are expressed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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