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Questions and Answers
Photosynthetic organisms always produce oxygen gas as a metabolic byproduct.
Photosynthetic organisms always produce oxygen gas as a metabolic byproduct.
False (B)
All gram-negative bacteria are classified as proteobacteria.
All gram-negative bacteria are classified as proteobacteria.
False (B)
The deinococci can be categorized as extremophiles.
The deinococci can be categorized as extremophiles.
True (A)
Myxobacteria are classified as actinobacteria due to a fungal-like lifestyle.
Myxobacteria are classified as actinobacteria due to a fungal-like lifestyle.
Two distinguishing factors of the epsilonproteobacteria are that they are motile and microaerophilic.
Two distinguishing factors of the epsilonproteobacteria are that they are motile and microaerophilic.
Why was Burkholderia reclassified from the gammaproteobacteria to the betaproteobacteria?
Why was Burkholderia reclassified from the gammaproteobacteria to the betaproteobacteria?
Which of the following pairs is NOT correctly matched?
Which of the following pairs is NOT correctly matched?
All of the following bacteria are motile. Which does NOT have flagella?
All of the following bacteria are motile. Which does NOT have flagella?
How are Caulobacter different from most bacteria?
How are Caulobacter different from most bacteria?
Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
Actinomycetes differ from fungi in that actinomycetes:
Actinomycetes differ from fungi in that actinomycetes:
Thiobacillus oxidizes inorganic sulfur compounds and reduces CO2. This bacterium is a:
Thiobacillus oxidizes inorganic sulfur compounds and reduces CO2. This bacterium is a:
The nonsulfur photosynthetic bacteria use organic compounds as what?
The nonsulfur photosynthetic bacteria use organic compounds as what?
Which one of the following bacteria does NOT belong with the others?
Which one of the following bacteria does NOT belong with the others?
Which of the following statements about the causative agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever is FALSE?
Which of the following statements about the causative agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever is FALSE?
Escherichia coli belongs to the:
Escherichia coli belongs to the:
Requirements for X and V factors are used to identify:
Requirements for X and V factors are used to identify:
Which of the following bacteria is gram-negative?
Which of the following bacteria is gram-negative?
Which of the following is NOT an enteric?
Which of the following is NOT an enteric?
Which of the following genera is an anaerobic gram-negative rod?
Which of the following genera is an anaerobic gram-negative rod?
Which of the following are found primarily in the intestines of humans?
Which of the following are found primarily in the intestines of humans?
Which statement regarding cyanobacteria is true? They produce carbon dioxide (CO2) from water and oxygen.
Which statement regarding cyanobacteria is true? They produce carbon dioxide (CO2) from water and oxygen.
Mycoplasmas differ from other bacteria in that they lack a cell wall.
Mycoplasmas differ from other bacteria in that they lack a cell wall.
Which one of the following does NOT belong with the others?
Which one of the following does NOT belong with the others?
What should you do next after isolating a gram-positive rod?
What should you do next after isolating a gram-positive rod?
All of the following bacteria are gram-positive. Which does NOT belong with the others?
All of the following bacteria are gram-positive. Which does NOT belong with the others?
Streptomyces differs from Actinomyces because Streptomyces:
Streptomyces differs from Actinomyces because Streptomyces:
Which of the following is the best reason to classify Streptococcus in the Lactobacillales?
Which of the following is the best reason to classify Streptococcus in the Lactobacillales?
Which of the following bacteria are responsible for more infections and more different kinds of infections?
Which of the following bacteria are responsible for more infections and more different kinds of infections?
Which one of the following bacteria does NOT belong with the others?
Which one of the following bacteria does NOT belong with the others?
Which of the following bacteria is gram-positive?
Which of the following bacteria is gram-positive?
Which of the following lacks a cell wall?
Which of the following lacks a cell wall?
Which of the following do you expect to be MOST resistant to high temperatures?
Which of the following do you expect to be MOST resistant to high temperatures?
Which order or genus of Archaea are part of the microbiota of the human colon, vagina, and mouth?
Which order or genus of Archaea are part of the microbiota of the human colon, vagina, and mouth?
Regarding the Order Rhizobiales of the Class alphaproteobacteria, which genus includes human pathogens?
Regarding the Order Rhizobiales of the Class alphaproteobacteria, which genus includes human pathogens?
Gram-positive organisms with low G + C content are commonly called ________.
Gram-positive organisms with low G + C content are commonly called ________.
The majority of bacterial species on Earth have not been successfully cultivated.
The majority of bacterial species on Earth have not been successfully cultivated.
What is the first step in identifying a prokaryotic cell after isolation?
What is the first step in identifying a prokaryotic cell after isolation?
The human body is typically free of archaeal species.
The human body is typically free of archaeal species.
Which of the following factors is believed to limit the size of most bacterial cells?
Which of the following factors is believed to limit the size of most bacterial cells?
You have isolated an aerobic gram-positive, endospore-forming bacterium that grows well on nutrient agar. To which of the following groups does it most likely belong?
You have isolated an aerobic gram-positive, endospore-forming bacterium that grows well on nutrient agar. To which of the following groups does it most likely belong?
Which of the following form conidiospores?
Which of the following form conidiospores?
Staphylococcus and Streptococcus can be easily differentiated in a laboratory by which one of the following?
Staphylococcus and Streptococcus can be easily differentiated in a laboratory by which one of the following?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic inherent of the non-endospore-forming gram-positive rods?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic inherent of the non-endospore-forming gram-positive rods?
Bacterial predators such as Bdellovibrio are members of the betaproteobacteria.
Bacterial predators such as Bdellovibrio are members of the betaproteobacteria.
You have isolated a gram-positive bacterium with low G + C content from unpasteurized milk. It infected a pregnant woman, and you are worried that her child will be stillborn. What bacterium is it?
You have isolated a gram-positive bacterium with low G + C content from unpasteurized milk. It infected a pregnant woman, and you are worried that her child will be stillborn. What bacterium is it?
What bacterium might be used to ensure development of female crabs and shrimp?
What bacterium might be used to ensure development of female crabs and shrimp?
Borrelia is classified as a spirochete because it:
Borrelia is classified as a spirochete because it:
Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia, and Serratia are all:
Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia, and Serratia are all:
Both Beggiatoa and the purple sulfur bacteria use H2S. These bacteria differ in that Beggiatoa:
Both Beggiatoa and the purple sulfur bacteria use H2S. These bacteria differ in that Beggiatoa:
A primary difference between cyanobacteria and purple and green phototrophic bacteria is __________.
A primary difference between cyanobacteria and purple and green phototrophic bacteria is __________.
You have isolated a bacterium that grows in a medium containing only inorganic nutrients. Ammonia is oxidized to a nitrate ion. This bacterium is:
You have isolated a bacterium that grows in a medium containing only inorganic nutrients. Ammonia is oxidized to a nitrate ion. This bacterium is:
Rickettsias differ from chlamydias in that rickettsias:
Rickettsias differ from chlamydias in that rickettsias:
You have isolated a bacterium that grows in a medium containing an organic substrate and nitrate in the absence of oxygen. The nitrate is reduced to nitrogen gas. You can be sure that this bacterium is:
You have isolated a bacterium that grows in a medium containing an organic substrate and nitrate in the absence of oxygen. The nitrate is reduced to nitrogen gas. You can be sure that this bacterium is:
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of spirochetes?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of spirochetes?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Neisseria?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Neisseria?
Which gammaproteobacteria are facultatively anaerobic, gram-negative rods that inhabit the intestinal tracts of humans and other animals?
Which gammaproteobacteria are facultatively anaerobic, gram-negative rods that inhabit the intestinal tracts of humans and other animals?
Study Notes
Photosynthetic Organisms
- Not all photosynthetic organisms produce oxygen gas as a metabolic byproduct.
Classification of Bacteria
- Not all gram-negative bacteria are classified as proteobacteria.
- Myxobacteria are separate from actinobacteria despite their fungal-like lifestyle.
Deinococci and Epsilonproteobacteria
- Deinococci are categorized as extremophiles, capable of surviving extreme conditions.
- Epsilonproteobacteria are characterized by motility and microaerophilic nature.
Burkholderia
- Reclassified to betaproteobacteria due to similarities in rRNA sequences to Neisseria and its pathogenic nature.
Bacterial Identification
- Elementary body is mismatched with Escherichia; it is not a true association.
- Spirochetes are motile but do not possess flagella.
- Caulobacter is distinct among bacteria for having stalks.
Gram Reactions and Bacterial Characteristics
- Pseudomonas is incorrectly matched as gram-positive; it is actually gram-negative.
- Actinomycetes differ from fungi as they lack a membrane-bound nucleus.
- Thiobacillus is classified as a chemoautotroph, oxidizing inorganic sulfur compounds.
Cyanobacteria and Bacterial Functions
- Nonsulfur photosynthetic bacteria utilize organic compounds as electron donors to reduce CO2.
- Cyanobacteria produce oxygen from water during photosynthesis.
Unique Bacterial Characteristics
- Mycoplasmas are unique for lacking a cell wall and are resistant to certain antibiotics.
- Staphylococcus is identifiable due to its growth in high salt concentrations unlike Streptococcus.
- Escherichia coli belongs to proteobacteria, a diverse class of gram-negative bacteria.
Bacterial Species Identification and Infections
- Campylobacter does not belong to enterics while Escherichia, Salmonella, and Shigella do.
- Bacteroides is an anaerobic gram-negative rod.
- Facultatively anaerobic gram-negative rods are primarily found in the human intestines.
Spore Formation and Pathogenicity
- Actinomycetes are known for forming conidiospores.
- Bacillus subtilis shows the highest resistance to extreme temperatures among selected bacteria.
Archaeal Classification
- Methanobacteriales are part of the microbiota in the human body.
- Brucella, within the Order Rhizobiales, includes human pathogens.
Bacterial Diversity and Ecology
- Firmicutes refer to the gram-positive organisms with low G + C content.
- Most bacterial species on Earth remain uncultivated, showcasing the vast microbial diversity.
Bacterial Metabolism
- Chemoautotrophs utilize inorganic nutrients, with ammonia oxidized to nitrate as an example.
- Anaerobic respiration results in the reduction of nitrate to nitrogen gas under specific conditions.
Spirochetes and Rickettsias
- Rickettsias differ from chlamydias as rickettsias require arthropods for transmission.
- Spirochetes possess a helical shape and are gram-negative but are not easily observed using brightfield microscopy.
Overall
- A wide range of bacterial characteristics, including metabolic pathways and structural features, highlights the diversity of prokaryotic life and its various interactions within ecosystems.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge of Chapter 11 in Microbiology with these flashcards. The quiz covers various statements related to photosynthetic organisms, bacteria classification, and extremophiles. Use it to reinforce your understanding of microbial classification and characteristics.
