Microbial Control and Resistance Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the most resistant to microbial control?

  • Bacterial endospores (correct)
  • Fungal spores
  • Other bacteria
  • Enveloped viruses

What is the term for an inanimate object that serves to transmit disease?

  • Fomite (correct)
  • Antisepsis
  • Disinfection
  • Sterilization

What is the term for the complete destruction/removal of all living microbes, spores, and viruses on an object or in an area?

  • Sanitization
  • Sterilization (correct)
  • Degerming
  • Disinfection

Which term refers to the application of chemicals for removal of potential pathogens from living tissue?

<p>Antisepsis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a chemical used to reduce or kill pathogenic microorganisms on a living object, such as the surface of the human body?

<p>Antiseptic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of killing or inhibiting the growth of bacteria?

<p>all of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following destroys bacteria?

<p>Bactericide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following inhibits/prevents the growth of bacteria?

<p>Bacteriostatic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following destroys viruses?

<p>Viricide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following inhibits/prevents the growth of fungi?

<p>Fungistatic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the minimal time necessary for killing a population of organisms at a given temperature?

<p>Thermal death time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the amount of time it takes for a specific protocol to produce a one order of magnitude decrease in the number of organisms, resulting in the death of 90% of the population?

<p>Decimal reduction time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form of physical control of microbes uses direct flame to burn organisms to ashes?

<p>Incineration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does dry heat kill bacteria compared to moist heat?

<p>Dry heat kills bacteria by coagulating/denaturing proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an application of dry heat?

<p>Flaming a loop (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an application of moist heat?

<p>Hot-air oven sterilization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sterilization methods uses pressurized steam to heat at 121 C with 15 pounds of pressure per inch2?

<p>Autoclaving (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sterilization method involves heating at 63oC for 30 minutes?

<p>Holding(batch) pasteurization method (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sterilization method involves heating at 71.6oC for 15 seconds?

<p>High-Temperature Short-Time(HTST)/ Flash pasteurization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sterilization method involves heating at 140oC for 3 seconds?

<p>Ultra pasteurization method (UHT) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most resistant to microbial control?

<p>Bacterial endospores (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of killing or inhibiting the growth of bacteria?

<p>Bactericide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following inhibits/prevents the growth of fungi?

<p>Fungicide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following inhibits/prevents the growth of bacteria?

<p>Bacteriostatic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following destroys bacteria?

<p>Bactericide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form of physical control of microbes uses direct flame to burn organisms to ashes?

<p>Incineration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a chemical used to reduce or kill pathogenic microorganisms on a living object, such as the surface of the human body?

<p>Antiseptic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the minimal time necessary for killing a population of organisms at a given temperature?

<p>Decimal reduction time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the complete destruction/removal of all living microbes, spores, and viruses on an object or in an area?

<p>Sterilization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an inanimate object that serves to transmit disease?

<p>Fomite (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following forms of physical control of microbes uses radiation?

<p>Heat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following forms of physical control of microbes kills bacteria by oxidizing cellular components?

<p>Heat (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following forms of physical control of microbes kills bacteria by coagulating/denaturing proteins?

<p>Heat (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an application of dry heat?

<p>Incineration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an application of moist heat?

<p>Boiling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sterilization method involves heating at 121°C with 15 pounds of pressure per inch²?

<p>Autoclaving (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sterilization method involves heating at 63°C for 30 minutes?

<p>Boiling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sterilization method involves heating at 71.6°C for 15 seconds?

<p>Pasteurization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sterilization method involves heating at 140°C for 3 seconds?

<p>Pasteurization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the minimal time necessary for killing a population of organisms at a given temperature?

<p>Thermal death time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms refers to the process of killing or inhibiting the growth of pathogens?

<p>Disinfection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an antiseptic?

<p>Hydrogen peroxide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form of physical control of microbes uses chemicals to remove potential pathogens from living tissue?

<p>Antisepsis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the term for an inanimate object that serves to transmit disease?

<p>Fomites (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following forms of physical control of microbes involves the complete destruction/removal of all living microbes, spores, and viruses on an object or in an area?

<p>Sterilization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which indicator is used to monitor the effectiveness of the autoclave?

<p>Bromocresol purple (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what temperature is the vial incubated after autoclaving?

<p>35°C (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What color does the pH indicator turn if the spores were not killed during autoclaving?

<p>Yellow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium's spores are used in the autoclave effectiveness monitoring process?

<p>Geobacillus stearothermophilus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of radiation is considered ionizing radiation?

<p>X-rays (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of ionizing radiation on cells?

<p>Damages DNA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a use of ionizing radiation?

<p>Killing bacterial endospores (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does UV radiation differ from ionizing radiation in terms of its effect on bacteria?

<p>UV radiation damages DNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the germicidal wavelength of UV radiation?

<p>100-400 nm 265 nm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are membrane filters used for?

<p>Trapping organisms in pores (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do HEPA filters remove?

<p>Microbes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main limitation of ionizing radiation as a sterilization method?

<p>Does not kill bacterial endospores (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the complete destruction/removal of all living microbes, spores, and viruses on an object or in an area?

<p>Sterilization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of pasteurizing dose of gamma rays in food preservation?

<p>Preserve and extend the shelf life of food (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a limitation of phenol as an antiseptic?

<p>It is expensive (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a phenol derivative that is commonly used in mouthwash and topical creams?

<p>Hexylresorcinol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the active ingredient in pHisoHex, a product used in toothpastes, deodorants, and bath soaps?

<p>Hexachlorophene (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following disrupts cell membranes by blocking the synthesis of lipids?

<p>Triclosan (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a heavy metal that is commonly used as a skin antiseptic and in swimming pools?

<p>Copper (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following heavy metals is commonly used in eating utensils to inhibit microbial growth?

<p>Silver (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following heavy metals is commonly used to minimize contamination of cell cultures stored inside incubators?

<p>Copper (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following heavy metals denatures proteins, impairing cell function and giving them strong antimicrobial properties?

<p>Zinc (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an application of chlorhexidine, a heavy metal?

<p>Surgical scrub (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is commonly found in antiseptic mouthwashes?

<p>Chlorhexidine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of a good disinfectant or antiseptic?

<p>Effective in diluted form (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chemical is commonly used as an antiseptic and disinfectant?

<p>Silver (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a limitation of halogens as disinfectants?

<p>Cannot destroy spores (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an organic compound disinfectant?

<p>Povidone-iodine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a surfactant disinfectant?

<p>Detergents (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a limitation of quaternary ammonium salts as disinfectants?

<p>Reduced activity when mixed with soaps (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chemical is commonly used as a hand sanitizer and to treat skin before venipuncture?

<p>EtOH (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of using alcohol as a disinfectant?

<p>Denatures proteins and dissolves lipids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of soaps?

<p>Work primarily as degerming agents (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chemical is commonly used as a sanitizing agent for food prep surfaces and industrial equipment?

<p>Benzalkonium chloride (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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