Mice Empathy and Pain Transmission

<p>Calcium Imaging (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enhancing animal housing and treatment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anterior Cingulate Cortex (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Treatments for social dysfunction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It strengthens the ability for empathy with repeated exposure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To achieve genetic uniformity for consistent experimental results (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inbreeding depression may occur over generations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allows for smaller groups to detect meaningful differences (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Accurately determining dose-response relationships (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They maintain some genetic variation to mimic real-world populations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Experiments require a larger number of animals for statistical power (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Results are consistent due to fixed genetic makeup (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Only the treatment applied should differ between groups (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To minimize animal suffering and improve research quality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electrocution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure the heart has actually stopped functioning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Follow approved euthanasia methods and document the procedures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neck Dislocation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure the animal does not experience pain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>That death has occurred (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It oversees adherence to euthanasia methods and personnel training (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It amplifies pain perception through increased neural activity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Animals perceive the tunnel as a safe environment reducing aversion. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is involved in descending pain inhibition during low-anxiety states. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Standard method due to memory of the first injection. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enhanced reliability of experimental results. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It activates the brain's reward system to offset pain discomfort. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It causes the release of cortisol, amplifying pain perception. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tunnel handling can eliminate aversion and improve experiences. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It promotes best practices and innovation in ethical animal research. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To grant licenses to institutions and conduct inspections. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To balance scientific merit against animal welfare considerations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A master's degree indicating advanced knowledge. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By harmonizing approaches nationally and internationally. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are required to document and submit annual reports. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure that the experiments are designed and executed to meet high standards. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have to document and submit details of their research activities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To conduct the ethical review of animal research projects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent conflicts of interest and maintain ethical standards (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The financial cost of the research (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Balance scientific progress with ethical responsibility towards animals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent misuse of animals and maintain public trust in science (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It highlights the importance of ethical oversight and regulation in animal research (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Balancing scientific ambition with animal rights and ethical considerations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Replace, Reduce, Refine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A method that reduces stress by providing a safe space for animals during handling.

Anxiety increases pain perception by activating the amygdala.

A brain region that helps inhibit pain signaling when activated.

A method that induces high aversion and stress in animals.

A system activated by stress that triggers cortisol release, increasing pain perception.

Anxiety that occurs due to expectations of future pain or discomfort.

The brain system that offsets discomfort by providing a positive experience during handling.

Improving handling methods reduces suffering and enhances research reliability.

Mice exhibit stress signals when cage mates are in pain, even without direct exposure.

Chemical signals like pheromones indicate distress among mice.

Behavior changes like limping or increased grooming alert other mice to pain.

Mice that observe fear responses, like freezing, may also exhibit similar behavior.

Key areas include the Anterior Cingulate Cortex, Amygdala, and Somatosensory Cortex.

Empathy may boost survival by promoting cooperation and quick responses to threats.

Understanding pain's social transmission enhances animal housing and treatment conditions.

Findings in mice aid in studying disorders like autism spectrum disorder and psychopathy.

Evaluation of research methodology to ensure meaningful results.

The final governing body that grants project licenses after ethical and scientific evaluation.

Responsible for assessing project adherence to national laws and ethics in animal research.

Guiding ethical framework: Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement in animal research.

Weighing scientific needs against animal welfare in research.

An expert body advising on ethical animal research practices and policies.

Laws ensure research practices are ethical and trustworthy to maintain public confidence.

Principles aimed at reducing animal use: Replacement, Reduction, Refinement.

Laws reflect societal values regarding animal welfare and respect for sentience.

Period before oversight, leading to unregulated and often cruel animal experiments.

Process evaluating if experiments meet ethical standards for animal welfare.

Approval for specific research, ensuring ethical justification.

Licenses granted to institutions ensuring compliance with animal research standards.

Monitoring of institutions for compliance with ethical research laws.

Accountable individual for designing and executing animal experiments ethically.

Postgraduate degree indicating advanced knowledge in a specific field.

Avoiding or replacing animal use in research where possible.

Minimizing the number of animals used in research.

Enhancing experimental techniques to reduce suffering in animals.

EU directive governing the use of animals in scientific experiments.

Approved techniques for humanely killing animals in research.

Tools like ECG confirm cessation of circulation in euthanasia.

Mandated sedation to prevent pain during euthanasia alternatives.

A condition where all animals are genetically identical, except for random mutations.

All animals display the same traits under similar conditions.

Smaller groups are required for experiments due to minimized variability.

Consistent results across different labs and experiments due to fixed genetics.

Negative health effects that occur after many generations of inbreeding.

Animals that retain some genetic variation to reflect real-world diversity.

Experiments where treated and control groups differ only in the treatment applied.

Used in toxicology, pharmacology, and genetic studies for clear results.