Questions and Answers
What is the generic/trade name for Metoclopramide?
What is the classification of Metoclopramide?
Antiemetic
What is the mechanism of action of Metoclopramide?
D2 (Dopamine) R antagonist
What is the onset time for Metoclopramide when administered intravenously?
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What are the indications for using Metoclopramide?
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Which of the following are contraindications for using Metoclopramide? (Select all that apply)
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What are some side effects of Metoclopramide? (Select all that apply)
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What is the recommended dosage of Metoclopramide?
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Metoclopramide is contraindicated in children.
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What precaution should be taken due to the possible effects of Metoclopramide?
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What are some drug-drug interactions associated with Metoclopramide? (Select all that apply)
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Study Notes
Metoclopramide Overview
- Metoclopramide is available as both a generic name and under the trade name Reglan.
- It is classified as an antiemetic, used primarily to prevent nausea and vomiting.
Mechanism of Action
- Functions as a D2 (Dopamine) receptor antagonist.
- Blocks signals from the chemoreceptor trigger zone to the vomiting center, reducing nausea.
- Inhibits gastric smooth muscle relaxation, leading to increased motility of stomach contents into the small intestine.
Pharmacokinetics
- Rapid onset: 1-3 minutes when administered intravenously (IV), 10-15 minutes intramuscularly (IM).
- Peak effect occurs within 1-2 hours.
- Duration of action is approximately 1-3 hours.
- Half-life ranges from 2.5 to 6 hours.
Indications
- Primarily indicated for the management of nausea and vomiting.
Contraindications
- Not recommended for patients with potential gastrointestinal hemorrhage, bowel obstruction, or perforation.
- Caution in patients with seizure disorders, pheochromocytoma, or known hypersensitivity to the drug.
Side Effects
- Common side effects include drowsiness, fatigue, sedation, and dizziness.
- May cause CNS depression, variations in blood pressure (HTN or hypotension), and changes in heart rate (tachycardia or bradycardia).
- Gastrointestinal issues such as diarrhea may occur.
Dosage
- Recommended dosage: 10 mg slow IV administration over 1-2 minutes or 10-20 mg IM.
- Not advised for pediatric use.
Precautions
- Potential for inducing dystonia; careful monitoring is essential.
- Increased risk of dystonia when used concurrently with phenothiazines.
Drug-Drug Interactions
- Anticholinergics, such as atropine, may counteract metoclopramide's effects.
- Additive effects may occur with other CNS depressants like narcotics, sedatives, hypnotics, and alcohol.
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Description
Explore the essentials of Metoclopramide, an antiemetic medication known for preventing nausea and vomiting. This quiz covers its mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, indications, and contraindications, providing a comprehensive overview for students and healthcare professionals alike.
