Metformin and CT Scans Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism by which metformin helps control blood sugar levels?

Increasing glucose production in the liver
Decreasing glucose absorption in the intestines
Decreasing glucose production in the liver (correct)
Increasing insulin release from the pancreas

Which of the following risks is associated with combining metformin and intravenous (IV) contrast material?

Reduction in liver function
Increased insulin resistance
Increased blood glucose levels
Life-threatening lactic acidosis (correct)

When should metformin be discontinued prior to a CT scan with contrast?

No need to discontinue metformin
1-2 hours before the scan
Immediately before the scan
1-2 days before the scan (correct)

What is the classification of metformin?

<p>Biguanide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does metformin have on tissue responsiveness?

<p>Increases tissue responsiveness to insulin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is metformin?

Metformin is a medication used to manage type 2 diabetes. It doesn't directly lower blood sugar, but it works by reducing glucose production in the liver and making the body more responsive to insulin.

What is metformin's role in diabetes treatment?

Metformin is typically used as a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes.

Why should metformin be stopped before CT scans with contrast?

Combining metformin with contrast material for CT scans increases the risk of kidney damage and potentially life-threatening lactic acid buildup.

How long should metformin be stopped before and after CT scans?

Metformin needs to be stopped for a period before and after CT scans with contrast to reduce the risk of complications.

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What are the potential complications of combining metformin with contrast material?

Renal toxicity and lactic acidosis are potential complications that could occur when metformin is combined with contrast material used in CT scans.

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Study Notes

Metformin and CT Scans

Metformin is a biguanide oral antidiabetic medication, often the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes.
Metformin does not directly lower blood glucose but reduces its production in the liver and increases tissue responsiveness to insulin.
Combining metformin with IV contrast material for a CT scan increases the risk of renal toxicity and life-threatening lactic acidosis.
Metformin should be held 1-2 days before a CT scan with contrast and for 48 hours afterward.