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Questions and Answers
What is the classification of Metformin?
What is the classification of Metformin?
What is the pregnancy class of Metformin?
What is the pregnancy class of Metformin?
Class B
What is the primary use of Metformin?
What is the primary use of Metformin?
Treat Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Which of the following are contraindications for the use of Metformin? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are contraindications for the use of Metformin? (Select all that apply)
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What assessments should be done when using Metformin?
What assessments should be done when using Metformin?
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What should be done before administration of Metformin in relation to IV iodinated contrast media?
What should be done before administration of Metformin in relation to IV iodinated contrast media?
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What is a key nursing diagnosis related to Metformin?
What is a key nursing diagnosis related to Metformin?
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What should patients be taught regarding missed doses of Metformin?
What should patients be taught regarding missed doses of Metformin?
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What are symptoms of lactic acidosis that patients should report?
What are symptoms of lactic acidosis that patients should report?
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Study Notes
Metformin Overview
- Classification: Antidiabetic medication belonging to the biguanides class.
- Pregnancy Class: Considered Class B, indicating safety in pregnancy.
Uses
- Primarily indicated for the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Contraindications
- Not suitable for individuals with hypersensitivity to the drug.
- Avoid in cases of metabolic acidosis, dehydration, or sepsis.
- Caution required in patients with renal dysfunction (SCr >1.5 mg/dL in men, >1.4 mg/dL in women) and those undergoing IV iodinated contrast studies.
- Use cautiously in geriatric or debilitated patients, chronic alcohol users, individuals with serious medical conditions (myocardial infarction, stroke), or those under physical stress.
Assessments
- Monitor combined therapy with oral sulfonylureas for signs of hypoglycemia (e.g., abdominal pain, dizziness).
- Patients with laboratory abnormalities should be evaluated for ketoacidosis or lactic acidosis.
- Regularly assess serum electrolytes, glucose, and other lab values to evaluate therapy effectiveness and renal function.
- False-positive results for urine ketones may occur; monitor B12 and folic acid levels every 1-2 years.
Implementation
- Distinguish metformin from metronidazole to avoid errors.
- Patients under stress or requiring surgery may need insulin instead; withhold metformin during such episodes.
- Administer metformin with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects; extended-release (XR) tablets must be taken whole.
Nursing Diagnosis
- Common diagnoses include imbalanced nutrition (more than body requirements) and patient noncompliance.
Patient Teaching
- Encourage consistent daily dosing and attendance to appointments for monitoring.
- Educate on managing hypoglycemia with sugary drinks or snacks and the importance of checking blood glucose and urine ketones.
- Discuss signs of lactic acidosis and recommend immediate medical attention if symptoms arise (e.g., chills, dizziness).
- Inform about the potential metallic taste from the drug and its temporary nature.
- Review the necessity of consulting healthcare professionals regarding all medications and dietary changes.
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Description
Explore the essential information about Metformin, an antidiabetic medication widely used for managing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. This quiz covers its classification, uses, contraindications, and important monitoring assessments. Perfect for those studying pharmacology or healthcare regulations.
