Metabolic Engineering of Plant Metabolites

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Why are plants preferred for metabolic engineering purposes for proteins over mammalian cell systems?

Mammalian cell systems are difficult to scale up and expensive.

Plants can fold, cross-link, and post-translationally modify non-plant proteins efficiently. (correct)

Mammalian cell systems often fail to process recombinant proteins properly.

Plants have high levels of ricolenic acid suitable for protein production.

Which plant is mentioned in the text as useful for the stable expression of transgenes for protein production?

Tomato

Potatoes (correct)

Lettuce

Maize

Why are bacterial systems not ideal for large-scale protein processing according to the text?

Bacterial systems cannot scale up efficiently.

Plants can cross-link proteins better than bacteria.

Bacterial proteins are toxic to humans.

Bacterial systems struggle to properly process recombinant proteins. (correct)

Which enzyme market is mentioned in the text as being worth approximately 2 billion dollars annually?

Global enzyme market Signup and view all the answers

Which plant is NOT specifically mentioned in the text as being used for industrial-scale protein production?

Tobacco Signup and view all the answers

What makes castor beans problematic for ricolenic acid production according to the text?

They contain high levels of toxic compounds like ricin. Signup and view all the answers

Where are carbohydrates synthesized and stored in plants?

Plastids Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme catalyzes the single-step conversion of hexose sugars to starch in plants?

ADP-glucose phosphorylase Signup and view all the answers

What is the major source of starch in plants used as feedstock for various purposes?

Plastids Signup and view all the answers

Which plant part is primarily responsible for the accumulation of starch in cereals?

Endosperm Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal ratio of amylose to amylopectin in starch, making amylopectin gels more desirable for food processing?

70-80% amylose to 20-30% amylopectin Signup and view all the answers

Which fatty acids are the major sources of plant oils used for industrial purposes?

Long-chain fatty acids (C16-C18) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of modifying the degree of saturation in plant oils?

Improving shelf life Signup and view all the answers

What is a valuable industrial oleochemical derived from long fatty acids in plants?

Erucic acid Signup and view all the answers

Metabolic Engineering of Plant Metabolites

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