Metabolic Engineering of Plant Metabolites
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Questions and Answers

Why are plants preferred for metabolic engineering purposes for proteins over mammalian cell systems?

  • Mammalian cell systems are difficult to scale up and expensive.
  • Plants can fold, cross-link, and post-translationally modify non-plant proteins efficiently. (correct)
  • Mammalian cell systems often fail to process recombinant proteins properly.
  • Plants have high levels of ricolenic acid suitable for protein production.
  • Which plant is mentioned in the text as useful for the stable expression of transgenes for protein production?

  • Tomato
  • Potatoes (correct)
  • Lettuce
  • Maize
  • Why are bacterial systems not ideal for large-scale protein processing according to the text?

  • Bacterial systems cannot scale up efficiently.
  • Plants can cross-link proteins better than bacteria.
  • Bacterial proteins are toxic to humans.
  • Bacterial systems struggle to properly process recombinant proteins. (correct)
  • Which enzyme market is mentioned in the text as being worth approximately 2 billion dollars annually?

    <p>Global enzyme market</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which plant is NOT specifically mentioned in the text as being used for industrial-scale protein production?

    <p>Tobacco</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes castor beans problematic for ricolenic acid production according to the text?

    <p>They contain high levels of toxic compounds like ricin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are carbohydrates synthesized and stored in plants?

    <p>Plastids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme catalyzes the single-step conversion of hexose sugars to starch in plants?

    <p>ADP-glucose phosphorylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major source of starch in plants used as feedstock for various purposes?

    <p>Plastids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which plant part is primarily responsible for the accumulation of starch in cereals?

    <p>Endosperm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal ratio of amylose to amylopectin in starch, making amylopectin gels more desirable for food processing?

    <p>70-80% amylose to 20-30% amylopectin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fatty acids are the major sources of plant oils used for industrial purposes?

    <p>Long-chain fatty acids (C16-C18)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of modifying the degree of saturation in plant oils?

    <p>Improving shelf life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a valuable industrial oleochemical derived from long fatty acids in plants?

    <p>Erucic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

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