Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the approximate incidence of Ménière disease, based on the provided information?
What is the approximate incidence of Ménière disease, based on the provided information?
Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of Ménière disease, according to the provided information?
Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of Ménière disease, according to the provided information?
What is the primary lesion location in Ménière disease, according to the provided information?
What is the primary lesion location in Ménière disease, according to the provided information?
Which of the following best describes the pathophysiological mechanism of Ménière disease?
Which of the following best describes the pathophysiological mechanism of Ménière disease?
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At what age range does Ménière disease typically manifest?
At what age range does Ménière disease typically manifest?
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When diagnosing Ménière disease, what test specifically assesses communication between balance-related sensors and head movement on eye control?
When diagnosing Ménière disease, what test specifically assesses communication between balance-related sensors and head movement on eye control?
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Which of the following is NOT a common symptom associated with Ménière disease?
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom associated with Ménière disease?
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What is the primary focus of Ménière disease treatment?
What is the primary focus of Ménière disease treatment?
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What is the purpose of the glycerol test?
What is the purpose of the glycerol test?
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Which surgical treatment option is known to cause hearing loss?
Which surgical treatment option is known to cause hearing loss?
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Which of the following is a non-pharmacological treatment option for Ménière disease?
Which of the following is a non-pharmacological treatment option for Ménière disease?
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What does the term 'ototoxicity' refer to?
What does the term 'ototoxicity' refer to?
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What is the most common characteristic of Ménière disease?
What is the most common characteristic of Ménière disease?
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Flashcards
Ménière disease
Ménière disease
A condition affecting vestibular function characterized by episodes of vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss.
Endolymph
Endolymph
A fluid within the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear, crucial for hearing and balance.
Endolymph hydrops
Endolymph hydrops
An increase in the volume of endolymph leading to dilation of the membranous labyrinth.
Membranous labyrinth rupture
Membranous labyrinth rupture
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Primary lesion location in Ménière disease
Primary lesion location in Ménière disease
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Ménière disease triad
Ménière disease triad
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Vertigo
Vertigo
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Tinnitus
Tinnitus
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Sensorineural hearing loss
Sensorineural hearing loss
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Videonystagmography
Videonystagmography
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Diuretic therapy
Diuretic therapy
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Glycerol test
Glycerol test
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Vestibular neurectomy
Vestibular neurectomy
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Study Notes
Ménière Disease Overview
- Ménière disease affects the inner ear, causing vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss.
- Incidence: 0.5-7.5 per 1000, varying with diagnostic criteria.
- Age of onset: 20-60, affects both genders equally.
- Cause: Trauma, infection, drugs, or toxins.
- Endolymphatic hydrops: Increased endolymph volume dilates the membranous labyrinth.
- This leads to membranous labyrinth rupture and endolymph/perilymph mixing, a key mechanism.
- Primary lesion location is the endolymphatic sac.
Clinical Manifestations
- Often unilateral vestibular dysfunction (one side).
- Vertigo, ranging in severity from mild to disabling.
- Nausea and vomiting, often severe.
- Tinnitus (ringing in the ears).
- Nystagmus (rapid eye movements).
- Sensorineural hearing loss (damage to the inner ear).
- Pressure or pain in the ear.
- Symptoms can occur daily or infrequently.
- Attacks typically last less than 24 hours.
- Periods of remission can last weeks or months between attacks.
- Hearing loss may become permanent over time.
Diagnostic Criteria
- Detailed symptom history.
- Physical examination.
- Auditory testing (audiometry) to find hearing loss.
- Electrocochleography (EcochG): measures electrical potentials in the inner ear in response to sound.
- Videonystagmography (VNG): measures eye movements to evaluate vestibular function.
- Glycerol test: oral ingestion of hyperosmolar solution to reduce inner ear fluid volume, often useful in diagnosis.
- Audiometry: Tests hearing acuity and identifies hearing loss.
Treatment
- No cure: Treatment focuses on symptom management.
- Non-pharmacological:
- Regulation of body fluid (reduced salt intake).
- Smoking cessation.
- Stress reduction.
- Pharmacological:
- Antiemetics (to prevent nausea).
- Diuretics (to reduce endolymph fluid).
- Drugs to reduce vertigo.
- Surgical (in severe cases)
- Ototoxicity (toxic effects on hearing from medications like gentamicin).
- Vestibular neurectomy (severing the vestibular nerve).
- Labyrinthectomy (surgical removal of the labyrinth).
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Description
This quiz covers the essential aspects of Ménière disease, including its causes, clinical manifestations, and the mechanisms involved. You will learn about the symptoms, frequency of attacks, and the impact on the inner ear. Test your knowledge of this inner ear condition and its effects on hearing and balance.
