Mendel's Pea Traits Molecular Explanation Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which genetic disease is inherited as a dominant allele in humans?

  • Phenylketonuria
  • Huntington’s disease (correct)
  • Sickle cell anemia
  • Cystic fibrosis
  • What is the frequency of Marfan syndrome, caused by a dominant allele, in humans?

  • 1/8,000
  • 1/3,500
  • 1/10,000 (correct)
  • 1/500
  • Which disease exhibits a dominant pattern of inheritance in pedigrees?

  • Tay-Sachs disease
  • Familial hypercholesterolemia (correct)
  • Phenylketonuria
  • Cystic fibrosis
  • What are the characteristics of autosomal recessive inheritance?

    <p>If it appears in more than one family member, typically it is seen only within a sibship, not in other generations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can dominant traits be recognized in pedigrees?

    <p>Affected children always have at least one affected parent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What dominance relationship is defined when the phenotype of the heterozygote resembles one of the two parents?

    <p>Complete dominance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the R allele encode?

    <p>Starch branching enzyme (Sbe1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the r allele not making Sbe1?

    <p>Wrinkled peas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gene encodes the Stay green enzyme (Sgr)?

    <p>Y allele</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the y allele does not make Sgr?

    <p>Chlorophyll is not broken down and the peas remain green</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the molecular principles, what does a recessive allele usually not encode?

    <p>A functional protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of the absence of Sbe1 due to the r allele?

    <p>Buildup of sucrose and unbranched starch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which allele usually determines a normally functioning protein according to the molecular principles?

    <p>Dominant allele</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Sgr encoded by the Y allele?

    <p>Helps break down chlorophyll</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of chlorophyll not being broken down due to the y allele?

    <p>The peas remain green</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of a recessive allele on a protein's activity according to the molecular principles?

    <p>It usually does not encode a functional protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In incomplete dominance, what is the phenotypic ratio when crossing two heterozygous individuals?

    <p>1:2:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of dominance relationship results in F1 hybrids displaying traits of both parents?

    <p>Codominance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which allele controls the type of sugar polymer on the surface of red blood cells in codominance?

    <p>Gene I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does variation in dominance relations between alleles depend on?

    <p>The biochemical functions of the proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What molecular explanation is provided for incomplete dominance in snapdragon flower color?

    <p>The normal allele produces an enzyme involved in pigment production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the phenotype ratio when crossing two heterozygous individuals in complete dominance?

    <p>3:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of dominance relationship does not affect the transmission of alleles?

    <p>Complete dominance</p> Signup and view all the answers

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