Mendel's Pea Shape and Color Molecular Explanation
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Questions and Answers

What does the R allele encode?

  • Stay green enzyme (Sgr)
  • Chlorophyll
  • Starch branching enzyme (Sbe1) (correct)
  • Sucrose
  • What is the result of the r allele not making Sbe1?

  • Chlorophyll is not broken down and the peas remain green
  • Sucrose and unbranched starch build up, leading to wrinkled peas (correct)
  • Sgr helps break down chlorophyll
  • Starch branching enzyme (Sbe1) is overproduced
  • What does the Y allele encode?

  • Stay green enzyme (Sgr) (correct)
  • Sucrose
  • Starch branching enzyme (Sbe1)
  • Chlorophyll
  • What is the result of the y allele not making Sgr?

    <p>Chlorophyll is not broken down and the peas remain green</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the role of the R allele?

    <p>Encodes Starch branching enzyme (Sbe1) to affect pea shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general function of a dominant allele according to the text?

    <p>Determines a normally functioning protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general function of a recessive allele according to the text?

    <p>Does not encode a functional protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Unbranched starch build up' leading to wrinkled peas is a result of:

    <p>The r allele not making Sbe1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Chlorophyll not being broken down' resulting in green peas is caused by:

    <p>'Stay green enzyme' not being made by the Y allele</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'A specific gene determines a specific protein, whose activity may affect the phenotype' represents which general molecular principle?

    <p>Principle 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'A dominant allele usually determines a normally functioning protein' represents which general molecular principle?

    <p>Principle 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'A recessive allele usually does not encode a functional protein' represents which general molecular principle?

    <p>'Principle 2'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency of von Willebrand disease in humans?

    <p>1/8,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chromosome is associated with Marfan syndrome?

    <p>17q</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency of sickle cell anemia in humans?

    <p>High</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chromosome is associated with Tay-Sachs disease?

    <p>15q</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common single-gene trait caused by a dominant allele in humans?

    <p>Familial hypercholesterolemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recurrence risk for each sibling of the proband in autosomal recessive inheritance?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In snapdragon flower color, what is the molecular explanation for incomplete dominance?

    <p>The normal allele produces an enzyme involved in pigment production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In codominance, what causes the F1 hybrids to display traits of both parents?

    <p>Two alleles resulting in different sugars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In dominance relations between alleles, what determines the type of dominance (complete, incomplete dominance, codominance)?

    <p>The type of proteins encoded and their biochemical functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does gene I control in relation to the surface of RBCs?

    <p>The type of sugar polymer on the surface of RBCs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does variation in dominance relations between alleles not negate?

    <p>Mendel's laws of segregation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle depends on 'the type of proteins encoded and the biochemical functions'?

    <p>Incomplete dominance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of individuals having both A and B sugars on the surface of RBCs?

    <p>They have both A and B antigens on their RBCs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Spotted' and 'dotted' are examples of phenotypes that reflect what?

    <p>Genotype ratios</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Dominance relations between alleles' do not affect the transmission of alleles. What does this imply about genetic inheritance?

    <p>It follows Mendelian inheritance patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for controlling the type of sugar polymer on the surface of RBCs?

    <p>Gene I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the phenotype/genotype relations to be more complex?

    <p>Variation in dominance relations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an individual with two different sugars resulting from different alleles exhibit on their RBCs?

    <p>Both A and B sugars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for causing all progeny to be spotted and dotted?

    <p>Two spotted alleles</p> Signup and view all the answers

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